Question

这是一个奇怪的问题。我有兴趣在计算机上构建导航应用程序。我想在他们完成某些事情时给用户“物理线索”。例如，单击文件夹时会出现白色光晕。可以用C＃完成吗？一位用户建议我将其扩展为更具体的细节。我想使用Kinect允许用户浏览操作系统。但是，我希望他们能够使用双手，所以我不想只是将手连接到鼠标指针。我想给用户一些关于他们与操作系统交互的视觉反馈。我无法想到最好的方法。所以我想在操作系统上创建视觉效果，但不能在游戏窗口等任何特定窗口中创建视觉效果。

我看到的大多数图形教程都涉及为该窗口构建窗口和渲染管道;或使用WPF和Silverlight图形和动画。我需要更多的灵活性，因为这将是针对操作系统而不是针对特定应用程序。我无法确定从哪里开始，甚至可以使用.NET或Mono Framework。

我最好只使用C ++来实现这一目标。如果这个问题过于开放，请告诉我。我试图找到如何开始这样的事情。谢谢！

Answer 1

.NET WinForms，就像C ++ WinForms使用GDI +一样，.NET更抽象。您仍然可以通过p / invoke访问本机代码，并且能够覆盖抽象BCL中受保护的成员，这意味着您仍然可以获得相当程度的控制。因此，除非你在讨论特定的图形库，否则我认为.NET WinForms不会比C ++更小。在这种背景下。

关于你的任务，我会研究分层窗口。对不起，我没有任何全面的参考资料，因为我在学习的过程中一直在寻找它们，但是这是一个我聚集在一起的课程，可以帮助你开始绘制Layered Window。而不是从Form派生您的主要表单SingleLayeredForm：

public class SingleLayeredForm : Form
{
    public new event PaintEventHandler Paint;

    public SingleLayeredForm()
    {
        this.SetStyle(ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer, true);
        this.FormBorderStyle = FormBorderStyle.FixedSingle;
        this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;
    }

    protected override CreateParams CreateParams
    {
        get
        {
            if (DesignMode) return base.CreateParams;
            CreateParams createParams = base.CreateParams;
            createParams.ExStyle = createParams.ExStyle | 0x80000;
            return createParams;
        }
    }

    public void SetBitmap(Bitmap bitmap)
    {
        if (!IsHandleCreated || DesignMode) return;
        IntPtr oldBits = IntPtr.Zero;
        IntPtr screenDC = WinAPI.GetDC(IntPtr.Zero);
        IntPtr hBitmap = IntPtr.Zero;
        IntPtr memDC = WinAPI.CreateCompatibleDC(screenDC);
        try
        {
            Point topLocation = new Point(this.Left, this.Top);
            Size bitmapSize = new Size(bitmap.Width, bitmap.Height);
            WinAPI.BLENDFUNCTION blendFunc = new WinAPI.BLENDFUNCTION();
            Point sourceLocation = Point.Empty;
            hBitmap = bitmap.GetHbitmap(Color.FromArgb(0));
            oldBits = WinAPI.SelectObject(memDC, hBitmap);

            blendFunc.BlendOp = WinAPI.AC_SRC_OVER;
            blendFunc.SourceConstantAlpha = 255;
            blendFunc.AlphaFormat = WinAPI.AC_SRC_ALPHA;
            blendFunc.BlendFlags = 0;

            WinAPI.UpdateLayeredWindow(Handle, screenDC, ref topLocation, ref bitmapSize, memDC, ref sourceLocation, 0, ref blendFunc, WinAPI.ULW_ALPHA);
        }
        finally
        {
            if (hBitmap != IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                WinAPI.SelectObject(memDC, oldBits);
                WinAPI.DeleteObject(hBitmap);
            }
            WinAPI.ReleaseDC(IntPtr.Zero, screenDC);
            WinAPI.DeleteDC(memDC);
        }
    }

    public new void Invalidate()
    {
        using (Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(this.ClientSize.Width, this.ClientSize.Height))
        {
            using (Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap))
            {

                graphics.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighSpeed;
                graphics.CompositingMode = CompositingMode.SourceCopy;

                if (this.Paint != null)
                    this.Paint(this, new PaintEventArgs(graphics, Rectangle.Empty));
            }
            SetBitmap(bitmap);
        }
    }
}

public sealed class WinAPI
{
    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern bool HideCaret(IntPtr hWnd);

    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Winapi)]
    public static extern short GetKeyState(int keyCode);

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern bool RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id, uint fsModifiers, uint vk);

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id);

    [DllImport("gdi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleDC(IntPtr hdc);

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern IntPtr GetDC(IntPtr hWnd);

    [DllImport("gdi32.dll", ExactSpelling = true, PreserveSig = true, SetLastError = true)]
    public static extern IntPtr SelectObject(IntPtr hdc, IntPtr hgdiobj);

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern bool ReleaseDC(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr hDC);

    [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
    public static extern bool DeleteDC(IntPtr hdc);

    [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
    public static extern bool DeleteObject(IntPtr hObject);

    [DllImport("user32.dll", ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
    public static extern bool UpdateLayeredWindow(IntPtr hwnd, IntPtr hdcDst, ref Point pptDst, ref Size psize, IntPtr hdcSrc, ref Point pptSrc, uint crKey, [In] ref BLENDFUNCTION pblend, uint dwFlags);

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern IntPtr GetDesktopWindow();

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern IntPtr GetWindowDC(IntPtr ptr);

    [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
    public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleBitmap(IntPtr hdc, int nWidth, int nHeight);

    [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
    public static extern bool BitBlt(IntPtr hdcDest, int xDest, int yDest, int wDest, int hDest, IntPtr hdcSource, int xSrc, int ySrc, CopyPixelOperation rop);

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern IntPtr GetForegroundWindow();

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern bool GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd, out RECT rect);

    public const byte AC_SRC_OVER = 0;
    public const byte AC_SRC_ALPHA = 1;
    public const byte ULW_ALPHA = 2;

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
    public struct BLENDFUNCTION
    {
        public byte BlendOp;
        public byte BlendFlags;
        public byte SourceConstantAlpha;
        public byte AlphaFormat;
    }

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct RECT
    {
        public int Left;
        public int Top;
        public int Right;
        public int Bottom;
    }
}

OS上的C＃图形编程

1 个答案: