以下是我两年前开始使用的模式，在我的遗留代码中反复重复。
它使用不同的时间段有效地对相同的数据进行分组。
我是否应该采用一种标准的方式接近这种方式，还是这种长时间的方法和我能得到的一样好？
提出这个问题的另一种方法是如何使以下更简洁？ 所有4个查询都来自同一个数据源，并且所有4个查询都进入同一个输出表，这4个查询是否可以合并为1个较短的脚本？
DECLARE @myDate DATETIME = CONVERT(DATETIME,CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),GETDATE(),106));
DECLARE @myFirstDateLastMth CHAR(8) =CONVERT(CHAR(6),DATEADD(mm,-1,@myDate-1),112) + '01';
DECLARE @myFirstDateCurrentMth CHAR(8) =CONVERT(CHAR(6),DATEADD(mm,0,@myDate-1),112) + '01';
DELETE FROM WH.dbo.tb_myTable
--day on day==========
INSERT INTO WH.dbo.tb_myTable
SELECT
TimePeriod =
CASE
WHEN x.DateKey = CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 1,112) THEN 'Day'
WHEN x.DateKey = CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 2,112) THEN 'Day-1'
END,
Game = x.Name,
Score = SUM(x.Score),
Ticks = SUM(x.Ticks),
ScorePerTick = SUM(x.Score)/SUM(x.Ticks)
FROM #LimitedBetinfo x
WHEREx.DateKey >= CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 2,112)
GROUP BY
CASE
WHEN x.DateKey = CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 1,112) THEN 'Day'
WHEN x.DateKey = CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 2,112) THEN 'Day-1'
END,
x.Name;
--wk on wk==========
INSERT INTO WH.dbo.tb_myTable
SELECT
TimePeriod =
CASE
WHEN x.DateKey >= CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 7,112) THEN 'Week'
WHEN x.DateKey < CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 7,112)
AND x.DateKey >= CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 14,112)
THEN 'Week-1'
END,
Game = x.Name,
Score = SUM(x.Score),
Ticks = SUM(x.Ticks),
ScorePerTick = SUM(x.Score)/SUM(x.Ticks)
FROM #LimitedBetinfo x
WHERE x.DateKey >= CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 14,112)
GROUP BY
CASE
WHEN x.DateKey >= CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 7,112) THEN 'Week'
WHEN x.DateKey < CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 7,112)
AND x.DateKey >= CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 14,112)
THEN 'Week-1'
END,
g.Name;
--mth on mth==========
INSERT INTO WH.dbo.tb_myTable
SELECT
TimePeriod =
CASE
WHEN x.DateKey >= CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 28,112) THEN 'Month'
WHEN x.DateKey < CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 28,112)
AND x.DateKey >= CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 56,112)
THEN 'Month-1'
END,
Game = x.Name,
Score = SUM(x.Score),
Ticks = SUM(x.Ticks),
ScorePerTick = SUM(x.Score)/SUM(x.Ticks)
FROM #LimitedBetinfo x
WHERE x.DateKey >= CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 56,112)
GROUP BY
CASE
WHEN x.DateKey >= CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 28,112) THEN 'Month'
WHEN x.DateKey < CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 28,112)
AND x.DateKey >= CONVERT(VARCHAR(11),@myDate - 56,112)
THEN 'Month-1'
END,
g.Name;
--MTD and PrevCalMonth==========
INSERT INTO WH.dbo.tb_myTable
SELECT
TimePeriod
= CASE
WHEN x.DateKey >= @myFirstDateCurrentMth THEN 'MTD'
WHEN x.DateKey < @myFirstDateCurrentMth
AND x.DateKey >=@myFirstDateLastMth THEN 'PrevCalMonth'
END,
Game = x.Name,
Score = SUM(x.Score),
Ticks = SUM(x.Ticks),
ScorePerTick = SUM(x.Score)/SUM(x.Ticks)
FROM #LimitedBetinfo x
WHERE x.DateKey >= CONVERT(CHAR(6),DATEADD(mm,-1,@myDate-1),112) + '01'
GROUP BY
CASE
WHEN x.DateKey >= @myFirstDateCurrentMth THEN 'MTD'
WHEN x.DateKey < @myFirstDateCurrentMth
AND x.DateKey >=@myFirstDateLastMth THEN 'PrevCalMonth'
END,
g.Name;
答案 0 :(得分：7)
我会把它作为一个插入语句。
现在更不希望通过对集合，多维数据集或汇总进行分组来使用该组，因为我看不出如何限制在单个日期组中计算的行数小于在较大时间段组中计算的行数。
因此，为了防止这种情况发生，您可以创建一个common-table-expression（; WITH mycte AS（...子查询...）），临时表，表变量或XML格式的文本对象，它们将包含时间段，每行一个元素。
此脚本也可以定义更多或更少的时间段来运行，只需从应用程序到服务器的一次旅行即可获得所有结果。
以下是临时表的示例，也可以很容易地将其变成表变量：
--Define time periods
CREATE TABLE #TempTimePeriods (
TimePeriod VARCHAR(20) PRIMARY KEY,
TPBegin VARCHAR(11) NOT NULL,
TPEnd VARCHAR(11) NULL
);
DECLARE @myDate DATETIME = '2012-10-10';
DECLARE @myDateMinusOne DATETIME = DATEADD(dd, -1, @myDate);
INSERT INTO #TempTimePeriods ( TimePeriod, TPBegin, TPEnd )
SELECT [TimePeriod], CONVERT(VARCHAR(11), TPBegin, 112) TPBegin, CONVERT(VARCHAR(11), TPEnd, 112) TPEnd
FROM (
SELECT 'Day' [TimePeriod], @myDate - 1 TPBegin, @myDate - 1 TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'Day-1' [TimePeriod], @myDate - 2 TPBegin, @myDate - 2 TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'Week' [TimePeriod], @myDate - 7 TPBegin, NULL TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'Week-1' [TimePeriod], @myDate - 14 TPBegin, @myDate - 8 TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'Month' [TimePeriod], @myDate - 28 TPBegin, NULL TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'Month-1' [TimePeriod], @myDate - 56 TPBegin, @myDate - 29 TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'MTD' [TimePeriod], DATEADD(dd, -1 * DAY(@myDateMinusOne) + 1, @myDateMinusOne) TPBegin, NULL TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'PrevCalMonth' [TimePeriod], DATEADD(mm,-1,DATEADD(dd, -1 * DAY(@myDateMinusOne) + 1, @myDateMinusOne)) TPBegin, DATEADD(dd, -1 * DAY(@myDateMinusOne), @myDateMinusOne) TPEnd
) TT;
这是主要的查询...
--compute/insert results
INSERT INTO WH.dbo.tb_myTable
SELECT TimePeriods.TimePeriod,
x.Name Game,
SUM(x.Score) Score,
SUM(x.Ticks) Ticks,
CASE WHEN SUM(x.Ticks) != 0 THEN SUM(x.Score)/SUM(x.Ticks) END ScorePerTick
FROM #TempTimePeriods TimePeriods
--for periods with no data use left outer join to return 0-value results, otherwise inner join
LEFT OUTER JOIN #LimitedBetInfo x
ON x.DateKey >= [TimePeriods].TPBegin
AND (
[TimePeriods].TPEnd IS NULL
OR x.DateKey <= [TimePeriods].TPEnd
)
GROUP BY TimePeriods.TimePeriod, x.Name
您还可以使用下面的Common-Table-Expression消除#TempTimePeriods表：
DECLARE @myDate DATETIME = '2012-10-10';
DECLARE @myDateMinusOne DATETIME = DATEADD(dd, -1, @myDate);
;WITH TimePeriods AS (
SELECT [TimePeriod], CONVERT(VARCHAR(11), TPBegin, 112) TPBegin, CONVERT(VARCHAR(11), TPEnd, 112) TPEnd
FROM (
SELECT 'Day' [TimePeriod], @myDate - 1 TPBegin, @myDate - 1 TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'Day-1' [TimePeriod], @myDate - 2 TPBegin, @myDate - 2 TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'Week' [TimePeriod], @myDate - 7 TPBegin, NULL TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'Week-1' [TimePeriod], @myDate - 14 TPBegin, @myDate - 8 TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'Month' [TimePeriod], @myDate - 28 TPBegin, NULL TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'Month-1' [TimePeriod], @myDate - 56 TPBegin, @myDate - 29 TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'MTD' [TimePeriod], DATEADD(dd, -1 * DAY(@myDateMinusOne) + 1, @myDateMinusOne) TPBegin, NULL TPEnd UNION ALL
SELECT 'PrevCalMonth' [TimePeriod], DATEADD(mm,-1,DATEADD(dd, -1 * DAY(@myDateMinusOne) + 1, @myDateMinusOne)) TPBegin, DATEADD(dd, -1 * DAY(@myDateMinusOne), @myDateMinusOne) TPEnd
) TT
)
INSERT INTO WH.dbo.tb_myTable
SELECT TimePeriods.TimePeriod,
x.Name Game,
SUM(x.Score) Score,
SUM(x.Ticks) Ticks,
CASE WHEN SUM(x.Ticks) != 0 THEN SUM(x.Score)/SUM(x.Ticks) END ScorePerTick
FROM [TimePeriods]
--for periods with no data use left outer join to return 0-value results, otherwise inner join
LEFT OUTER JOIN #LimitedBetInfo x
ON x.DateKey >= [TimePeriods].TPBegin
AND (
[TimePeriods].TPEnd IS NULL
OR x.DateKey <= [TimePeriods].TPEnd
)
GROUP BY [TimePeriods].TimePeriod, x.Name
最后，您可以在XML字符串中定义时间段 - 如果这是您的偏好，则可以方便地传递给存储过程，并按以下步骤操作：
--example XML string with time period definitions
DECLARE @TimePeriodsXml NVARCHAR(MAX) = '
<TimePeriod name="Day" tpbegin="20121010" tpend="20121010" />
<TimePeriod name="Day-1" tpbegin="20121009" tpend="20121009" />
<TimePeriod name="Week" tpbegin="20121004"/>
<TimePeriod name="Week-1" tpbegin="20120927" tpend="20121004" />
<TimePeriod name="Month" tpbegin="20120913" />
<TimePeriod name="Month-1" tpbegin="20120815" tpend="20120912" />
<TimePeriod name="MTD" tpbegin="20121001" />
<TimePeriod name="PrevCalMonth" tpbegin="20120901" tpend="20120930" />
';
并修改主查询以读取XML：
SELECT TimePeriods.TimePeriod,
x.Name Game,
SUM(x.Score) Score,
SUM(x.Ticks) Ticks,
CASE WHEN SUM(x.Ticks) != 0 THEN SUM(x.Score)/SUM(x.Ticks) END ScorePerTick
FROM (
SELECT
E.TimePeriod.value('./@name', 'VARCHAR(20)') TimePeriod,
E.TimePeriod.value('./@tpbegin', 'VARCHAR(20)') TPBegin,
E.TimePeriod.value('./@tpend', 'VARCHAR(20)') TPEnd
FROM (
SELECT CAST(@TimePeriodsXml AS XML) tpxml
) TT
CROSS APPLY tpxml.nodes('/TimePeriod') AS E(TimePeriod)
) TimePeriods
--for periods with no data use left outer join to return 0-value results, otherwise inner join
LEFT OUTER JOIN #LimitedBetInfo x
ON x.DateKey >= [TimePeriods].TPBegin
AND (
[TimePeriods].TPEnd IS NULL
OR x.DateKey <= [TimePeriods].TPEnd
)
GROUP BY TimePeriods.TimePeriod, x.Name
有关如何将XML stringed查询转换为过程的示例，以支持1个或多个时间段的单个参数：
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.GetTimePeriodAggregates
@TimePeriodsXmlString NVARCHAR(MAX)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SELECT TimePeriods.TimePeriod,
x.Name Game,
SUM(x.Score) Score,
SUM(x.Ticks) Ticks,
CASE WHEN SUM(x.Ticks) != 0 THEN SUM(x.Score)/SUM(x.Ticks) END ScorePerTick
FROM (
SELECT
E.TimePeriod.value('./@name', 'VARCHAR(20)') TimePeriod,
E.TimePeriod.value('./@tpbegin', 'VARCHAR(20)') TPBegin,
E.TimePeriod.value('./@tpend', 'VARCHAR(20)') TPEnd
FROM (
SELECT CAST(@TimePeriodsXml AS XML) tpxml
) TT
CROSS APPLY tpxml.nodes('/TimePeriod') AS E(TimePeriod)
) TimePeriods
LEFT OUTER JOIN #LimitedBetInfo x
ON x.DateKey BETWEEN TimePeriods.TPBegin AND TimePeriods.TPEnd
GROUP BY TimePeriods.TimePeriod, x.Name
END
哪个可以运行：
--This declare is just an example, it could be instead a parameter passed from an application
DECLARE @ThisExecutionsXmlString NVARCHAR(MAX) = N'
<TimePeriod name="Day" tpbegin="20121010" tpend="20121010" />
<TimePeriod name="Day-1" tpbegin="20121009" tpend="20121009" />
<TimePeriod name="Week" tpbegin="20121004"/>
<TimePeriod name="Week-1" tpbegin="20120927" tpend="20121004" />
<TimePeriod name="Month" tpbegin="20120913" />
<TimePeriod name="Month-1" tpbegin="20120815" tpend="20120912" />
<TimePeriod name="MTD" tpbegin="20121001" />
<TimePeriod name="PrevCalMonth" tpbegin="20120901" tpend="20120930" />
';
INSERT INTO WH.dbo.tb_myTable
EXEC dbo.GetTimePeriodAggregates @TimePeriodsXmlString=@ThisExecutionsXmlString
答案 1 :(得分：6)
您可以创建此存储过程
CREATE PROCEDURE InsertData
@minLimit date,
@maxLimit date,
@minTerm nvarchar(50),
@maxTerm nvarchar(50)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
INSERT INTO tb_myTable
SELECT
[TimePeriod] = CASE WHEN x.DateKey >= @maxLimit THEN @maxTerm ELSE @minTerm END,
[Game] = x.Name,
[Score] = SUM(x.[Score]),
[Ticks] = SUM(x.[Ticks]),
[ScorePerTick] = SUM(x.[Score])/SUM(x.[Ticks])
FROM #LimitedBetinfo x
WHERE x.DateKey >= @minLimit
GROUP BY
CASE WHEN x.DateKey >= @maxLimit THEN @maxTerm ELSE @minTerm END,
x.Name
END
GO
并像这样使用
TRUNCATE TABLE tb_myTable
DECLARE @today date = cast(getdate() as date)
DECLARE @yesterday date = dateadd(day, -1, @today)
EXECUTE dbo.InsertData @yesterday, @today, N'Day-1', N'Day'
DECLARE @thisweek date = DATEADD(ww, DATEDIFF(ww,0,GETDATE()), 0)
DECLARE @lastweek date = DATEADD(ww, -1, @thisweek)
EXECUTE dbo.InsertData @lastweek, @thisweek, N'Week-1', N'Week'
DECLARE @prev28 date = dateadd(day, -28, @today)
DECLARE @prev56 date = dateadd(day, -56, @today)
EXECUTE dbo.InsertData @prev56, @prev28, N'Month-1', N'Month'
DECLARE @thismonth date = DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,GETDATE()), 0)
DECLARE @lastmonth date = DATEADD(mm, -1, @thismonth)
EXECUTE dbo.InsertData @lastmonth, @thismonth, N'PrevCalMonth', N'MTD'
答案 2 :(得分：3)
使用参数 - VALUES作为表源并将它们作为参数应用于带有派生表的CROSS APPLY中
DECLARE @myDate datetime = CAST(GETDATE() AS date);
IF OBJECT_ID('WH.dbo.tb_myTable') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE WH.dbo.tb_myTable
SELECT TimePeriod, Game, Score, Ticks, ScorePerTicks
INTO WH.dbo.tb_myTable
FROM (VALUES('Day', DATEADD(day, -1, @myDate), @myDate),
('Day-1', DATEADD(day, -2, @myDate), DATEADD(day, -2, @myDate)),
('Week', DATEADD(day, -7, @myDate), @myDate),
('Week-1', DATEADD(day, -14, @myDate), DATEADD(day, -8, @myDate)),
('Month', DATEADD(day, -28, @myDate), @myDate),
('Month-1', DATEADD(day, -56, @myDate), DATEADD(day, -29, @myDate)),
('MTD', DATEADD(DAY, 1 - DAY(@myDate), @myDate), @myDate),
('PrevCalMonth', DATEADD(DAY, 1 - DAY(@myDate), DATEADD(MONTH, -1, @myDate)), DATEADD(DAY, - DAY(@myDate), @myDate)))
RParameters(TimePeriod, BDate, EDate)
CROSS APPLY (SELECT x.Name AS Game,
SUM(x.Score) AS Score,
SUM(x.Ticks) AS Ticks,
SUM(x.Score) / SUM(x.Ticks) AS ScorePerTicks
FROM #LimitedBetinfo x
WHERE DateKey BETWEEN RParameters.BDate AND RParameters.EDate
GROUP BY Name) AS o
SQLFiddle上的演示
答案 3 :(得分：2)
fred答案的可能改进。不是在速度方面，而是通过删除额外的CASE来实现可读性/可修改性。作为一个建议，我还用一个字符串替换了两个字符串（例如DAY和DAY-1）的传递，并将另一个字符串作为连接;但是，这会导致PrevCalMonth显示为MTD-1（尽管有一些解决办法）。
CREATE PROCEDURE InsertData
@minLimit date, @maxLimit date, @string nvarchar(50)
AS
INSERT INTO tb_myTable
SELECT TimePeriod, Name, SUM(Score) Score, SUM(Ticks) Ticks,
SUM(Score)/SUM(Ticks) ScorePerTick
FROM
(
SELECT *, /* or 'Name, Score, Ticks,' */
TimePeriod = CASE WHEN x.DateKey >= @maxLimit THEN @string ELSE @string+'-1' END
FROM #LimitedBetinfo x
WHERE x.DateKey >= @minLimit
) A
GROUP BY TimePeriod, Name
GO
并像这样使用：
TRUNCATE TABLE tb_myTable
DECLARE @today date = cast(getdate() as date)
DECLARE @yesterday date = dateadd(day, -1, @today)
EXECUTE dbo.InsertData @yesterday, @today, N'Day'
DECLARE @thisweek date = DATEADD(ww, DATEDIFF(ww,0,GETDATE()), 0)
DECLARE @lastweek date = DATEADD(ww, -1, @thisweek)
EXECUTE dbo.InsertData @lastweek, @thisweek, N'Week'
DECLARE @prev28 date = dateadd(day, -28, @today)
DECLARE @prev56 date = dateadd(day, -56, @today)
EXECUTE dbo.InsertData @prev56, @prev28, N'Month'
DECLARE @thismonth date = DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,GETDATE()), 0)
DECLARE @lastmonth date = DATEADD(mm, -1, @thismonth)
EXECUTE dbo.InsertData @lastmonth, @thismonth, N'MTD'
答案 4 :(得分：2)
似乎这可能是CUBE groupings的工作。
很抱歉，我不会为您的问题提供准确的解决方案，但选择的 MOCKUP 形式应该是：
select * from
(
select *,count(*) amount from
(
select datepart(HOUR, login_time) as hour,
datepart(MINUTE, login_time) as minute,
cmd as name
from sys.sysprocesses
) tmp
group by cube(tmp.hour, tmp.minute, tmp.name)
) tmp2
where tmp2.name is not null and
(
(tmp2.hour is not null and tmp2.minute is null) or
(tmp2.hour is null and tmp2.minute is not null)
)
一个减号 - cube在这里为您的问题生成了太多数据。所以需要过滤掉它。一个很大的优点是你只需要一个选择临时表。