是否可以执行按位组功能?

时间:2009-09-09 06:47:07

标签: sql mysql oracle group-by aggregate-functions

我在表中有一个包含按位标志的字段。让我们说,例如,有三个标志:4 => read, 2 => write, 1 => execute,表格看起来像*

  user_id  |  file  |  permissions
-----------+--------+---------------
        1  |  a.txt |  6    ( <-- 6 = 4 + 2 = read + write)
        1  |  b.txt |  4    ( <-- 4 = 4 = read)
        2  |  a.txt |  4
        2  |  c.exe |  1    ( <-- 1 = execute)

我有兴趣找到在任何记录上设置了特定标志(例如:写入)的所有用户。要在一个查询中执行此操作,我认为如果您将所有用户的权限合并在一起,您将获得一个值,即其权限的“总和”:

  user_id  |  all_perms
-----------+-------------
        1  |  6        (<-- 6 | 4 = 6)
        2  |  5        (<-- 4 | 1 = 5)

* 我的实际表与文件或文件权限无关,只是一个例子

有没有办法在一个声明中执行此操作?我看到它的方式,它与GROUP BY的正常聚合函数非常相似:

SELECT user_id, SUM(permissions) as all_perms
FROM permissions
GROUP BY user_id

...但显然,有些神奇的“按位或”功能代替SUM。任何人都知道这样的事情吗?

(对于奖励积分,它在甲骨文中有效吗?)

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:18)

MySQL的:

SELECT user_id, BIT_OR(permissions) as all_perms
FROM permissions
GROUP BY user_id

答案 1 :(得分:7)

啊,另外一个问题,我在询问后5分钟找到答案...接受的答案将转到MySQL实现,但是......

我在Radino's blog

上发现了如何使用Oracle

您创建了一个对象......

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE bitor_impl AS OBJECT
(
  bitor NUMBER,

  STATIC FUNCTION ODCIAggregateInitialize(ctx IN OUT bitor_impl) RETURN NUMBER,

  MEMBER FUNCTION ODCIAggregateIterate(SELF  IN OUT bitor_impl,
                                       VALUE IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER,

  MEMBER FUNCTION ODCIAggregateMerge(SELF IN OUT bitor_impl,
                                     ctx2 IN bitor_impl) RETURN NUMBER,

  MEMBER FUNCTION ODCIAggregateTerminate(SELF        IN OUT bitor_impl,
                                         returnvalue OUT NUMBER,
                                         flags       IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
)
/

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE BODY bitor_impl IS
  STATIC FUNCTION ODCIAggregateInitialize(ctx IN OUT bitor_impl) RETURN NUMBER IS
  BEGIN
    ctx := bitor_impl(0);
    RETURN ODCIConst.Success;
  END ODCIAggregateInitialize;

  MEMBER FUNCTION ODCIAggregateIterate(SELF  IN OUT bitor_impl,
                                       VALUE IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
  BEGIN
    SELF.bitor := SELF.bitor + VALUE - bitand(SELF.bitor, VALUE);
    RETURN ODCIConst.Success;
  END ODCIAggregateIterate;

  MEMBER FUNCTION ODCIAggregateMerge(SELF IN OUT bitor_impl,
                                     ctx2 IN bitor_impl) RETURN NUMBER IS
  BEGIN
    SELF.bitor := SELF.bitor + ctx2.bitor - bitand(SELF.bitor, ctx2.bitor);
    RETURN ODCIConst.Success;
  END ODCIAggregateMerge;

  MEMBER FUNCTION ODCIAggregateTerminate(SELF        IN OUT bitor_impl,
                                         returnvalue OUT NUMBER,
                                         flags       IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
  BEGIN
    returnvalue := SELF.bitor;
    RETURN ODCIConst.Success;
  END ODCIAggregateTerminate;
END;
/

...然后define your own aggregate function

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION bitoragg(x IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
PARALLEL_ENABLE
AGGREGATE USING bitor_impl;
/

用法:

SELECT user_id, bitoragg(permissions) FROM perms GROUP BY user_id

答案 2 :(得分:2)

你可以做一点点或用......

FUNCTION BITOR(x IN NUMBER, y IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER
AS
BEGIN
    RETURN x + y - BITAND(x,y);
END;

答案 3 :(得分:1)

您需要知道可能的权限组件(1,2和4)apriori(因此难以维护),但这很简单并且可以工作:

SELECT user_id,
       MAX(BITAND(permissions, 1)) +
       MAX(BITAND(permissions, 2)) +
       MAX(BITAND(permissions, 4)) all_perms
FROM permissions
GROUP BY user_id

答案 4 :(得分:0)

  

我有兴趣找到所有用户   有一个特定的标志集(例如:写)   在任何记录上

简单

有什么问题
SELECT DISTINCT User_ID
FROM Permissions
WHERE permissions & 2 = 2