UnauthorizedAccessException无法解析Directory.GetFiles失败

时间:2009-09-08 10:23:46

标签: c# exception-handling unauthorized getfiles

第一次遇到没有访问权限的文件夹时,

Directory.GetFiles method失败。

该方法抛出一个UnauthorizedAccessException(可以被捕获),但到这个时候,该方法已经失败/终止。

我正在使用的代码如下:

try
{
    // looks in stated directory and returns the path of all files found                
    getFiles = Directory.GetFiles(
        @directoryToSearch, 
        filetype, 
        SearchOption.AllDirectories);             
}
catch (UnauthorizedAccessException) 
{ 
}

据我所知,没有办法事先检查某个文件夹是否定义了访问权限。

在我的示例中,我正在通过网络搜索磁盘,当我遇到仅限root访问权限的文件夹时,我的程序失败。

7 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:19)

为了获得所需级别的控制权,您应该一次探测一个目录,而不是整个树。以下方法使用目录树中找到的所有文件填充给定的IList<string>,但用户无权访问的文件除外:

// using System.Linq
private static void AddFiles(string path, IList<string> files)
{
    try
    {
        Directory.GetFiles(path)
            .ToList()
            .ForEach(s => files.Add(s));

        Directory.GetDirectories(path)
            .ToList()
            .ForEach(s => AddFiles(s, files));
    }
    catch (UnauthorizedAccessException ex)
    {
        // ok, so we are not allowed to dig into that directory. Move on.
    }
}

答案 1 :(得分:6)

我知道这个帖子已经过时了,但万一有人偶然发现并需要一个答案,我在这里得到了一个递归解决方案:

public static List<string> GetAllAccessibleFiles(string rootPath, List<string> alreadyFound = null)
    {
        if (alreadyFound == null)
            alreadyFound = new List<string>();
        DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(rootPath);
        var dirs = di.EnumerateDirectories();
        foreach (DirectoryInfo dir in dirs)
        {
            if (!((dir.Attributes & FileAttributes.Hidden) == FileAttributes.Hidden))
            {
                alreadyFound = GetAllAccessibleFiles(dir.FullName, alreadyFound);
            }
        }

        var files = Directory.GetFiles(rootPath);
        foreach (string s in files)
        {
            alreadyFound.Add(s);                
        }

        return alreadyFound;
    }

它返回一个List<string>,其中包含指定根目录下可访问目录中所有文件的完整路径。 这样称呼:

var files = GetAllAccessibleFiles(@"C:\myDirectory");

所以一个结果可能是这样的:

C:\myDirectory\a\a.txt
C:\myDirectory\a\b.mp3
C:\myDirectory\b\a\a\foo.txt
C:\myDirectory\b\b\b\hello.exe
C:\myDirectory\b\c\bar.jpg
C:\myDirectory\and\so\on.bar
C:\myDirectory\a_file_in_root.bmp

希望它有所帮助!

答案 2 :(得分:4)

.Net 4的Directory.EnumerateFiles确实有效,但你必须要小心如何评估可枚举并在try-catch块中执行该部分。最大的问题是确保你不会在第一个例外时停止处理(我认为上面的回答https://stackoverflow.com/a/1393219/89584有这个问题,如果我错了,请纠正我。)

以下工作并为您提供了一个Enumerable,因此如果您正在寻找第一场比赛等,则无需评估整个文件树。

private IEnumerable<String> FindAccessableFiles(string path, string file_pattern, bool recurse)
{
  IEnumerable<String> emptyList = new string[0];

  if (File.Exists(path))
    return new string[] { path };

  if (!Directory.Exists(path))
    return emptyList;

  var top_directory = new DirectoryInfo(path);

  // Enumerate the files just in the top directory.
  var files = top_directory.EnumerateFiles(file_pattern);
  var filesLength = files.Count();
  var filesList = Enumerable
            .Range(0, filesLength)
            .Select(i =>
            {
              string filename = null;
              try
              {
                var file = files.ElementAt(i);
                filename = file.FullName;
              }
              catch (UnauthorizedAccessException)
              {
              }
              catch (InvalidOperationException)
              {
                    // ran out of entries
              }
              return filename;
            })
            .Where(i => null != i);

        if (!recurse)
          return filesList;

        var dirs = top_directory.EnumerateDirectories("*");
        var dirsLength = dirs.Count();
        var dirsList = Enumerable
            .Range(0, dirsLength)
            .SelectMany(i =>
            {
              string dirname = null;
              try
              {
                var dir = dirs.ElementAt(i);
                dirname = dir.FullName;
                return FindAccessableFiles(dirname, file_pattern, required_extension, recurse);
              }
              catch (UnauthorizedAccessException)
              {
              }
              catch (InvalidOperationException)
              {
                 // ran out of entries
              }

              return emptyList;
            })

  return Enumerable.Concat(filesList, dirsList);
}

对上述欢迎的改进。

答案 3 :(得分:4)

这是对Malcolm答案的增强(http://stackoverflow.com/a/9831340/226181)。这会扫描所有逻辑驱动器以查找文件匹配模式,并忽略无法访问的目录。

 static List<string> SearchFiles(string pattern)
    {
        var result = new List<string>();

        foreach (string drive in Directory.GetLogicalDrives())
        {
            Console.WriteLine("searching " + drive);
            var files = FindAccessableFiles(drive, pattern, true);
            Console.WriteLine(files.Count().ToString() + " files found.");
            result.AddRange(files);
        }

        return result;
    }

    private static IEnumerable<String> FindAccessableFiles(string path, string file_pattern, bool recurse)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(path);
        var list = new List<string>();
        var required_extension = "mp4";

        if (File.Exists(path))
        {
            yield return path;
            yield break;
        }

        if (!Directory.Exists(path))
        {
            yield break;
        }

        if (null == file_pattern)
            file_pattern = "*." + required_extension;

        var top_directory = new DirectoryInfo(path);

        // Enumerate the files just in the top directory.
        IEnumerator<FileInfo> files;
        try
        {
            files = top_directory.EnumerateFiles(file_pattern).GetEnumerator();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            files = null;
        }

        while (true)
        {
            FileInfo file = null;
            try
            {
                if (files != null && files.MoveNext())
                    file = files.Current;
                else
                    break;
            }
            catch (UnauthorizedAccessException)
            {
                continue;
            }
            catch (PathTooLongException)
            {
                continue;
            }

            yield return file.FullName;
        }

        if (!recurse)
            yield break;

        IEnumerator<DirectoryInfo> dirs;
        try
        {
            dirs = top_directory.EnumerateDirectories("*").GetEnumerator();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            dirs = null;
        }


        while (true)
        {
            DirectoryInfo dir = null;
            try
            {
                if (dirs != null && dirs.MoveNext())
                    dir = dirs.Current;
                else
                    break;
            }
            catch (UnauthorizedAccessException)
            {
                continue;
            }
            catch (PathTooLongException)
            {
                continue;
            }

            foreach (var subpath in FindAccessableFiles(dir.FullName, file_pattern, recurse))
                yield return subpath;
        }
    }

答案 4 :(得分:3)

在.NET 4中,这变得容易多了,请参阅http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd997370.aspx

答案 5 :(得分:1)

public string[] GetFilesFrom(string dir, string search_pattern, bool recursive)
{
    List<string> files = new List<string>();

    string[] temp_files = new string[0];

    try { temp_files = Directory.GetFiles(dir, search_pattern, SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly); }
    catch { }

    files.AddRange(temp_files);

    if (recursive)
    {
        string[] temp_dirs = new string[0];

        try { temp_dirs = Directory.GetDirectories(dir, search_pattern, SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly); }
        catch { }

        for (int i = 0; i < temp_dirs.Length; i++)
            files.AddRange(GetFilesFrom(temp_dirs[i], search_pattern, recursive));
    }

    return files.ToArray();
}

这是我解决此问题的方法。简单且安全失败。

答案 6 :(得分:0)

最简单的版本:

IEnumerable<String> GetAllFiles(string path, string searchPattern)
{
    return System.IO.Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, searchPattern).Union(
        System.IO.Directory.EnumerateDirectories(path).SelectMany(d =>
        {
            try
            {
                return GetAllFiles(d, searchPattern);
            }
            catch (UnauthorizedAccessException e)
            {
                return Enumerable.Empty<String>();
            }
        }));
}