Question

我有一个这样的字符串：

This changes are related to book:id:pages:3000 location /file1/file2/file3/pages.000.zip
This changes are related to book:id:pages:30ab00e location /file1/file2/file3/pages.000.zip

在此我想用“my_doc”替换一个或多个数字（有时数字也是十六进制）我尝试过：

 match = re.findall("[\.0-9]*",text)
print match

但它只适用于数字或数字，它也适用于十六进制数字并用“my_doc”替换数字并打印整行输出：

This changes are related to book:id:pages:my_doc location /file1/file2/file3/pages.my_doc.zip
This changes are related to book:id:pages:my_doc location /file1/file2/file3/pages.my_doc.zip

Answer 1

你可以尝试这样的事情：

In [8]: import re


In [14]: strs="This changes are related to book:id:pages:3000 location /file1/file2/file3/pages.000.zip"

In [15]: re.findall(r"\d+[A-Ea-e]{0,}\d+[A-Ea-e]{0,}",strs)

Out[15]: ['3000', '000']

In [16]: strs1="This changes are related to book:id:pages:30ab00e location /file1/file2/file3/pages.000.zip"

In [17]: re.findall(r"\d+[A-Ea-e]{0,}\d+[A-Ea-e]{0,}",strs1)

Out[17]: ['30ab00e', '000']

使用re.sub()替换：

In [68]: strs="This changes are related to book:id:pages:3000 location /file1/file2/file3/pages.000.zip"

In [69]: re.sub(r"(\d+[A-Ea-e]*\d+[A-Ea-e]*)|(\d+)","my_doc",strs)

Out[69]: 'This changes are related to book:id:pages:my_doc location /filemy_doc/filemy_doc/filemy_doc/pages.my_doc.zip'

In [70]: strs1="This changes are related to book:id:pages:30ab00e location /file1/file2/file3/pages.000.zip"

In [71]: re.sub(r"(\d+[A-Ea-e]*\d+[A-Ea-e]*)|(\d+)","my_doc",strs1)
Out[71]: 'This changes are related to book:id:pages:my_doc location /filemy_doc/filemy_doc/filemy_doc/pages.my_doc.zip'

In [72]: foo=" number of pages completed, 2 still pending" 

In [73]: re.sub(r"(\d+[A-Ea-e]*\d+[A-Ea-e]*)|(\d+)","my_doc",foo)
Out[73]: ' number of pages completed, my_doc still pending'

Answer 2

在正则表达式中考虑条件：http://www.asiteaboutnothing.net/regex/regex-conditionals.html

Answer 3

这很疯狂（所以你的问题）和hackish！

十六进制字符（a-z，A-Z）出现在字符串中的许多位置，因此会被替换掉（认为问题不对象atm;））似乎不是预期的行为。

假设要删除的blob /部分是十六进制字，并假设它的最小长度为3，请考虑：

import re
from string import hexdigits


str_1 = "This changes are related to book:id:pages:3000 location /file1/file2/file3/pages.000.zip"

str_2 = "This changes are related to book:id:pages:30ab00e location /file1/file2/file3/pages.000.zip"

expression = '[%s]{3,}'%(string.hexdigits)  # = '[' + hexdigits + ']{3,}'
re.sub(exp, 'my_doc', str_1)

编辑：好一点疯狂正则表达式，使用以下表达式

expression = ':[%s]+\S'%(hexdigits)

这将仅匹配十六进制字，因此十六进制+数字的长度不再是约束。

找到数字并替换它

3 个答案: