Android：提供最近的搜索建议而没有可搜索的活动？

时间：2012-12-05 22:15:09

标签： java android searchview

我有一个ActionBar SearchView，我成功地使用它进行搜索。 android文档没有解释如何实现搜索建议。我不想进行可搜索的活动。

这是我的搜索代码：

public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_add_song, menu);
        final SearchView searchView = (SearchView) menu.findItem(R.id.song_search).getActionView();
        searchView.setFocusable(true);
        searchView.setIconified(false);
        final AddSongActivity activity = this;
        searchView.setOnQueryTextListener(new SearchView.OnQueryTextListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onQueryTextChange(String newText) {
                // Do nothing
                return true;
            }

            @Override
            public boolean onQueryTextSubmit(String query) {
                // Clear SearchView
                searchView.clearFocus();
                // Begin Spotify Search
                TextView notice = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.search_notice);
                URL url;
                try {
                    url = new URL("http://ws.spotify.com/search/1/track.json?q=" + URLEncoder.encode(query,"UTF-8"));
                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                    notice.setText("Malformed Search");
                    notice.setHeight(noticeHeight);
                    return true;
                } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                    notice.setText("Unsupported Encoding. Maybe a problem with your device.");
                    notice.setHeight(noticeHeight);
                    return true;
                }
                new SearchDownload(url, activity).execute();
                notice.setText("Loading Tracks");
                notice.setHeight(noticeHeight);
                Log.i("infodb","" + noticeHeight);
                return true;
            }
        });

这适用于搜索，但我不知道实现最近的搜索查询建议。我该怎么做呢？

谢谢。

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：55)

好的，我把时间花在了这上面。我从SQLiteDatabase创建了自己的简单建议实现。

我们将创建3个类，如下所示

  1. MainActivity - 用于测试数据库中的SearchView建议
  2. SuggestionDatabase - 这会存储您最近的搜索关键字。
  3. SuggestionSimpleCursorAdapter - 这是SimpleCursorAdapter的子类。我将解释为什么我创建这个课而不是使用SimpleCursorAdapter。

    4. 代码

    // MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity 
    extends Activity
    implements SearchView.OnQueryTextListener,
                SearchView.OnSuggestionListener
{

    private SuggestionsDatabase database;
    private SearchView searchView;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);


        database = new SuggestionsDatabase(this);
        searchView = (SearchView) findViewById(R.id.searchView1);
        searchView.setOnQueryTextListener(this); 
        searchView.setOnSuggestionListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onSuggestionSelect(int position) {

        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onSuggestionClick(int position) {

        SQLiteCursor cursor = (SQLiteCursor) searchView.getSuggestionsAdapter().getItem(position);
        int indexColumnSuggestion = cursor.getColumnIndex( SuggestionsDatabase.FIELD_SUGGESTION);

        searchView.setQuery(cursor.getString(indexColumnSuggestion), false);

        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onQueryTextSubmit(String query) {
        long result = database.insertSuggestion(query);
        return result != -1;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onQueryTextChange(String newText) {

        Cursor cursor = database.getSuggestions(newText);
        if(cursor.getCount() != 0)
        {
            String[] columns = new String[] {SuggestionsDatabase.FIELD_SUGGESTION };
            int[] columnTextId = new int[] { android.R.id.text1};

            SuggestionSimpleCursorAdapter simple = new SuggestionSimpleCursorAdapter(getBaseContext(),
                    android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, cursor,
                    columns , columnTextId
                    , 0);

            searchView.setSuggestionsAdapter(simple);
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }

}

    工作原理

    1. 当用户点按搜索按钮时，将触发onQueryTextSubmit()，然后搜索关键字将保存在我们的数据库中。假设我们提交了一个关键字“Hello”
    2. 如果用户在SearchView中写入字符串，例如“Hel”或“H”，则会调用onQueryTextChange()，然后我们会在SQLiteDatabase中搜索此关键字（{{1} }）。如果“Hel”或“H”与“Hello”匹配，则通过在SuggestionDatabase中设置返回的Cursor来显示查询结果，然后在SuggestionSimpleCursorAdapter中设置此适配器。这是图片。

      3. enter image description here
      3.当然，我们将点击“Hello”的建议，SearchView将被调用。我们从onSuggestionClick(int position)的适配器（SQLiteCursor）获取SearchView对象，并从中获取Suggestion文本，在SuggestionSimpleCursorAdapter对象中设置建议文本

      SearchView

      如果我们使用SQLiteCursor cursor = (SQLiteCursor) searchView.getSuggestionsAdapter().getItem(position); int indexColumnSuggestion = cursor.getColumnIndex( SuggestionsDatabase.FIELD_SUGGESTION); searchView.setQuery(cursor.getString(indexColumnSuggestion), false); 它也可以正常工作，但我们假设我们有这种情况

      1. 如果我们在智能手机中运行此程序并输入关键字“Hel”，则建议将正确显示。

        2. enter image description here

        1. 如果我们在横向旋转屏幕怎么办？它将以全屏模式切换，您仍然可以输入关键字。

          2. 建议会怎样？我们来看看。

          enter image description here

          看到奇怪的建议？我们如何解决？通过覆盖返回SimpleCursorAdapter

          的convertToString(Cursor cursor) 
          CharSequence

          通过覆盖 // SuggestionSimpleCursorAdapter.java public class SuggestionSimpleCursorAdapter extends SimpleCursorAdapter { public SuggestionSimpleCursorAdapter(Context context, int layout, Cursor c, String[] from, int[] to) { super(context, layout, c, from, to); } public SuggestionSimpleCursorAdapter(Context context, int layout, Cursor c, String[] from, int[] to, int flags) { super(context, layout, c, from, to, flags); } @Override public CharSequence convertToString(Cursor cursor) { int indexColumnSuggestion = cursor.getColumnIndex(SuggestionsDatabase.FIELD_SUGGESTION); return cursor.getString(indexColumnSuggestion); } } ，这是结果

          enter image description here

          这是数据库

          convertToString(Cursor cursor)

          我希望这个答案对其他程序员很有用。 ：）

答案 1 :(得分：5)

我的需求更加简单 - 我不需要数据库，因为我有很多想要显示的建议包含在ArrayList中。

以下是一个示例实现：

import java.util.ArrayList;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.SearchManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.MatrixCursor;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.CursorAdapter;
import android.widget.SearchView;
import android.widget.SearchView.OnQueryTextListener;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class ActivityTest extends Activity implements OnQueryTextListener {

    private static final String COLUMN_ID = "_id";
    private static final String COLUMN_TERM = "term";
    private static final String DEFAULT = "default";

    private SearchManager searchManager;
    private SearchView searchView;
    private MenuItem searchMenuItem;
    private SuggestAdapter suggestionsAdapter;
    private final ArrayList<String> suggestionsArray = new ArrayList<String>();
    private final ArrayList<String> dummyArray = new ArrayList<String>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(final Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        // Create some dummy entries
        dummyArray.add("apples");
        dummyArray.add("oranges");
        dummyArray.add("bananas");
        dummyArray.add("pears");
        dummyArray.add("plums");

    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(final Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);

        searchManager = (SearchManager) getSystemService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE);
        searchMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.action_search);

        searchView = (SearchView) searchMenuItem.getActionView();
        searchView.setSearchableInfo(searchManager.getSearchableInfo(getComponentName()));
        searchView.setOnQueryTextListener(this);

        final MatrixCursor matrixCursor = getCursor(suggestionsArray);
        suggestionsAdapter = new SuggestAdapter(this, matrixCursor, suggestionsArray);
        searchView.setSuggestionsAdapter(suggestionsAdapter);
        suggestionsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onQueryTextChange(final String newText) {

        suggestionsArray.clear();

        for (int i = 0; i < dummyArray.size(); i++) {

            if (dummyArray.get(i).contains(newText)) {
                suggestionsArray.add(dummyArray.get(i));
            }
        }

        final MatrixCursor matrixCursor = getCursor(suggestionsArray);
        suggestionsAdapter = new SuggestAdapter(this, matrixCursor, suggestionsArray);
        searchView.setSuggestionsAdapter(suggestionsAdapter);
        suggestionsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onQueryTextSubmit(final String query) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return false;
    }

    private class SuggestAdapter extends CursorAdapter implements OnClickListener {

        private final ArrayList<String> mObjects;
        private final LayoutInflater mInflater;
        private TextView tvSearchTerm;

        public SuggestAdapter(final Context ctx, final Cursor cursor, final ArrayList<String> mObjects) {
            super(ctx, cursor, 0);

            this.mObjects = mObjects;
            this.mInflater = (LayoutInflater) ctx.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        }

        @Override
        public View newView(final Context ctx, final Cursor cursor, final ViewGroup parent) {
            final View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item_search, parent, false);

            tvSearchTerm = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tvSearchTerm);

            return view;
        }

        @Override
        public void bindView(final View view, final Context ctx, final Cursor cursor) {

            tvSearchTerm = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tvSearchTerm);

            final int position = cursor.getPosition();

            if (cursorInBounds(position)) {

                final String term = mObjects.get(position);
                tvSearchTerm.setText(term);

                view.setTag(position);
                view.setOnClickListener(this);

            } else {
                // Something went wrong
            }
        }

        private boolean cursorInBounds(final int position) {
            return position < mObjects.size();
        }

        @Override
        public void onClick(final View view) {

            final int position = (Integer) view.getTag();

            if (cursorInBounds(position)) {

                final String selected = mObjects.get(position);

                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), selected, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

                // Do something

            } else {
                // Something went wrong
            }
        }
    }

    private MatrixCursor getCursor(final ArrayList<String> suggestions) {

        final String[] columns = new String[] { COLUMN_ID, COLUMN_TERM };
        final Object[] object = new Object[] { 0, DEFAULT };

        final MatrixCursor matrixCursor = new MatrixCursor(columns);

        for (int i = 0; i < suggestions.size(); i++) {

            object[0] = i;
            object[1] = suggestions.get(i);

            matrixCursor.addRow(object);
        }

        return matrixCursor;
    }
}

在我的实际代码中，我有一个自定义接口，它使用从服务器获取的动态术语填充ArrayList。您将以这种方式更新数据集：

@Override
public void onDataReceived(final ArrayList<String> results) {

    suggestionsArray.clear();
    suggestionsArray.addAll(results);

    final MatrixCursor matrixCursor = getCursor(suggestionsArray);
    suggestionsAdapter = new SuggestAdapter(this, matrixCursor, suggestionsArray);
    searchView.setSuggestionsAdapter(suggestionsAdapter);
    suggestionsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}

我发现没有初始化空光标或每次重新创建它都会导致问题。

希望它有所帮助。

答案 2 :(得分：4)

在MainActivity中的onCreate method班级中，首先使用此代码

AutoCompleteTextView search_text = (AutoCompleteTextView) searchView.findViewById(searchView.getContext().getResources().getIdentifier("android:id/search_src_text", null, null));
search_text.setThreshold(1);

此setThreshold(1)表示它现在也可以从一个字符中搜索文本。

答案 3 :(得分：0)

在上述方法中我注意到一个问题。

当用户只输入一个字符（例如"H"）时，在从DB获取条目并通过searchView.setSuggestionsAdapter(<adapter>)将适配器设置为searchView后，下拉列表不会显示。

仅在输入第二个字符（例如" ", "a"）后，才会显示建议列表。 还有其他人观察到这种行为吗？

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