大约一年前,我问过header dependencies in CMake。
我最近意识到问题似乎是CMake认为那些头文件是外部到项目中。至少,在生成Code :: Blocks项目时,头文件不会出现在项目中(源文件会出现)。因此,在我看来,CMake认为那些标题是外部到项目中,并且不会在依赖项中跟踪它们。
在CMake教程中的快速搜索只指向include_directories
,它似乎没有按照我的意愿......
向CMake发出信号通知特定目录是否包含要包含的标头的正确方法是什么,并且生成的Makefile应该跟踪这些标头?
答案 0 :(得分:204)
必须做两件事。
首先添加要包含的目录:
target_include_directories(test PRIVATE ${YOUR_DIRECTORY})
如果您遇到不支持target_include_directories
的非常旧的CMake版本(2.8.10或更早版本),您也可以使用旧版include_directories
代替:
include_directories(${YOUR_DIRECTORY})
然后,您还必须将头文件添加到当前目标的源文件列表中,例如:
set(SOURCES file.cpp file2.cpp ${YOUR_DIRECTORY}/file1.h ${YOUR_DIRECTORY}/file2.h)
add_executable(test ${SOURCES})
这样,头文件将在Makefile中显示为依赖项,例如在生成的Visual Studio项目中,如果生成一个。
如何将这些头文件用于多个目标:
set(HEADER_FILES ${YOUR_DIRECTORY}/file1.h ${YOUR_DIRECTORY}/file2.h)
add_library(mylib libsrc.cpp ${HEADER_FILES})
target_include_directories(mylib PRIVATE ${YOUR_DIRECTORY})
add_executable(myexec execfile.cpp ${HEADER_FILES})
target_include_directories(myexec PRIVATE ${YOUR_DIRECTORY})
答案 1 :(得分:57)
首先,使用include_directories()
告诉CMake将目录-I
添加到编译命令行。其次,您可以在add_executable()
或add_library()
来电中列出标题。
例如,如果您的项目来源位于src
,并且您需要来自include
的标题,则可以这样做:
include_directories(include)
add_executable(MyExec
src/main.c
src/other_source.c
include/header1.h
include/header2.h
)
答案 2 :(得分:4)
我遇到了同样的问题。
我的项目目录如下:
--project
---Classes
----Application
-----.h and .c files
----OtherFolders
--main.cpp
过去我在所有这些文件夹中都包含这些文件的内容:
file(GLOB source_files
"*.h"
"*.cpp"
"Classes/*/*.cpp"
"Classes/*/*.h"
)
add_executable(Server ${source_files})
它完全有效。
答案 3 :(得分:2)
添加include_directories("/your/path/here")
。
这类似于使用gcc
选项调用-I/your/path/here/
。
确保在路径两边加上双引号。其他人没有提及,这让我呆了2天。因此,此答案适用于刚接触CMake且非常困惑的人。
答案 4 :(得分:0)
这对我有用:
set(SOURCE main.cpp)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SOURCE})
# target_include_directories must be added AFTER add_executable
target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC ${INTERNAL_INCLUDES})
答案 5 :(得分:0)
另一种选择:
set_property(
TARGET MyApp
APPEND PROPERTY
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/src"
)
答案 6 :(得分:0)
.
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── external //We simulate that code is provided by an "external" library outside of src
│ ├── CMakeLists.txt
│ ├── conversion.cpp
│ ├── conversion.hpp
│ └── README.md
├── src
│ ├── CMakeLists.txt
│ ├── evolution //propagates the system in a time step
│ │ ├── CMakeLists.txt
│ │ ├── evolution.cpp
│ │ └── evolution.hpp
│ ├── initial //produces the initial state
│ │ ├── CMakeLists.txt
│ │ ├── initial.cpp
│ │ └── initial.hpp
│ ├── io //contains a function to print a row
│ │ ├── CMakeLists.txt
│ │ ├── io.cpp
│ │ └── io.hpp
│ ├── main.cpp //the main function
│ └── parser //parses the command-line input
│ ├── CMakeLists.txt
│ ├── parser.cpp
│ └── parser.hpp
└── tests //contains two unit tests using the Catch2 library
├── catch.hpp
├── CMakeLists.txt
└── test.cpp
1.顶层 CMakeLists.txt 与 Recipe 1 非常相似,代码重用与函数和宏
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5 FATAL_ERROR)
project(recipe-07 LANGUAGES CXX)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
include(GNUInstallDirs)
set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY
${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR})
set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY
${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR})
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY
${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
# defines targets and sources
add_subdirectory(src)
# contains an "external" library we will link to
add_subdirectory(external)
# enable testing and define tests
enable_testing()
add_subdirectory(tests)
2.Targets和sources在src/CMakeLists.txt中定义(转换目标除外)
add_executable(automata main.cpp)
add_subdirectory(evolution)
add_subdirectory(initial)
add_subdirectory(io)
add_subdirectory(parser)
target_link_libraries(automata
PRIVATE
conversion
evolution
initial
io
parser
)
3.转换库定义在external/CMakeLists.txt
add_library(conversion "")
target_sources(conversion
PRIVATE
${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/conversion.cpp
PUBLIC
${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/conversion.hpp
)
target_include_directories(conversion
PUBLIC
${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}
)
4. src/CMakeLists.txt 文件添加了更多子目录,这些子目录又包含 CMakeLists.txt 文件。它们在结构上都相似; src/evolution/CMakeLists.txt 包含以下内容:
add_library(evolution "")
target_sources(evolution
PRIVATE
evolution.cpp
PUBLIC
${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/evolution.hpp
)
target_include_directories(evolution
PUBLIC
${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}
)
5.单元测试在tests/CMakeLists.txt中注册
add_executable(cpp_test test.cpp)
target_link_libraries(cpp_test evolution)
add_test(
NAME
test_evolution
COMMAND
$<TARGET_FILE:cpp_test>
)
$ mkdir -p build
$ cd build
$ cmake ..
$ cmake --build .
答案 7 :(得分:-1)
我正在使用 CLion,我的项目结构如下:
--main.cpp
--Class.cpp
--Class.h
--CMakeLists.txt
CMakeLists.txt
变化之前:
add_executable(ProjectName main.cpp)
CMakeLists.txt
变化之后:
add_executable(ProjectName main.cpp Class.cpp Class.h)
这样程序就编译成功了。