Question

如何使用XmlSerializer

序列化以下结构

只有Product
只有Updates
Updates可以包含多个Item
Item可以包含多个Artifact

XML：

<Product>
    <Cycle Type = "x0446" />
    <Brand Type = "z773g" Include="All" />
    <Updates>
        <Item Name = "Foo">
            <Artifact Kind="6" Action="3" />
        </Item>
        <Item Name = "Bar">
            <Artifact Kind="6" Action="3" />
            <Artifact Kind="53" Action="3" />
        </Item>
    </Updates>
</Product>

Answer 1

你可以在数组或List属性上使用[XmlElement]属性，而XmlSerializer足够聪明，可以接收它并将它们一个接一个地列在你的xml中。

或

您可以将Visual Studio XML-to-class生成器用于更复杂的结构： - 单击Windows中的开始菜单 - 点击“所有程序” - 找到Microsoft Visual Studio文件夹并单击它 - 单击Visual Studio Tools文件夹 - 单击开发人员命令提示符... - 假设你的xml保存在C：\ test \ Sample.xml中 - 输入“xsd C：\ test \ Sample.xml / out：C：\ test” 这应该通知您已创建架构。 - 输入“xsd C：\ test \ Sample.xsd / c / out：C：\ test” 这应该告诉你一个.cs类是为你创建的，在你的解决方案中复制它，可能更改命名空间（或者使用xsd命令参数） - 创建的类可能名称奇怪且更难以使用，如果您有复杂的XML或模式，请使用此方法。 - 您可以使用部分类扩展生成的代码（查找），不要直接修改生成的代码

-

这是直接代码（未生成）的样子：

public class Product{ [XmlElement] public Cycle Cycle {get;set;} [XmlElement] public Brand Brand {get;set;} [XmlElement] public Updates Updates {get;set;} } public class Updates{ [XmlElement("Item")] public UpdateItem[] Items{get;set;} } public class UpdateItem{ [XmlAttribute] public string Name{get;set;} // use [XmlAttribute] in Cycle, Brand and Artifact classes [XmlElement("Artifact")] public Artifact[] Artifact{get;set;} } //.... etc

以下是生成的代码：

/// <remarks/> [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("xsd", "4.0.30319.17929")] [System.SerializableAttribute()] [System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()] [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")] [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType=true)] public partial class ProductUpdatesItem { private ProductUpdatesItemArtifact[] artifactField; private string nameField; /// <remarks/> [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("Artifact", Form=System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)] public ProductUpdatesItemArtifact[] Artifact { get { return this.artifactField; } set { this.artifactField = value; } }

[/代码]

Answer 2

你可以control xml serialization using attributes。使用XmlAttribute属性将默认序列化作为元素更改为序列化作为属性。使用XmlElement属性将列表序列化为xml元素的平面序列。

public class Product
{
    public Cycle Cycle { get; set; }
    public Brand Brand { get; set; }
    public List<Item> Updates { get; set; }
}

public class Cycle
{
    [XmlAttribute("Type")]
    public string Type { get; set; }    
}

public class Brand
{
    [XmlAttribute("Type")]
    public string Type { get; set; }
    [XmlAttribute("Include")]
    public string Include { get; set; }
}

public class Item
{
    [XmlAttribute("Name")]
    public string Name { get; set; }
    [XmlElement("Artifact")]
    public List<Artifact> Artifacts { get; set; }
}

public class Artifact
{
    [XmlAttribute("Kind")]
    public int Kind { get; set; }
    [XmlAttribute("Action")]
    public int Action { get; set; }
}

序列化：

Product p = new Product()
{
    Cycle = new Cycle() { Type = "x0446" },
    Brand = new Brand() { Type = "z773g", Include = "All" },
    Updates = new List<Item>()
    {
        new Item() { Name = "Foo", 
                     Artifacts = new List<Artifact>() {
                        new Artifact() { Action = 3, Kind = 6 }
                    }
        },
        new Item() { Name = "Bar", 
                     Artifacts = new List<Artifact>() {
                        new Artifact() { Action = 3, Kind = 6 },
                        new Artifact() { Action = 3, Kind = 53 },
                    }
        }
    }
};

XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Product));
Stream stream = new MemoryStream(); // use whatever you need
serializer.Serialize(stream, p);

结果：

<Product>
    <Cycle Type = "x0446" />
    <Brand Type = "z773g" Include="All" />
    <Updates>
        <Item Name = "Foo">
            <Artifact Kind="6" Action="3" />
        </Item>
        <Item Name = "Bar">
            <Artifact Kind="6" Action="3" />
            <Artifact Kind="53" Action="3" />
        </Item>
    </Updates>
</Product>

Answer 3

这里有一些代码（错过了一个属性）

using System;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Collections.Generic;

[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Product")]
public class Product
{
    [XmlElement("Cycle")]
    public Cycle Cycle { get; set; }

    [XmlElement("Updates")]
    public Updates Updates { get; set; }

    public Product()
    {
        Cycle = new Cycle();
        Updates = new Updates();
    }
}

[Serializable]
public class Cycle
{
    [XmlAttribute("Type")]
    public string Type { get; set; }
}

[Serializable]
public class Updates
{
    [XmlElement("Item")]
    public List<Item> Items { get; set; }

    public Updates()
    {
        Items = new List<Item>();
    }
}

[Serializable]
public class Item
{
    [XmlElement("Artifact", typeof(Artifact))]
    public List<Artifact> Artifacts { get; set; }

    public Item()
    {
        Artifacts = new List<Artifact>();
    }
}

[Serializable]
public class Artifact
{
    [XmlAttribute("Kind")]
    public int Kind { get; set; }
}

这里是序列化的代码

using System;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;

    private static string SerializeMe(object o)
    {
        XmlSerializer s = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType());

        MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();

        XmlWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter(stream, Encoding.Default);

        s.Serialize(writer, o);

        stream.Flush();

        stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);

        return Encoding.Default.GetString(stream.ToArray());
    }

现在这里是控制台上的测试代码

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Product p = new Product();

        p.Cycle.Type = "whatever";

        Item i = new Item();
        i.Artifacts.Add(new Artifact{Kind = 45});

        p.Updates.Items.Add(i);

        Console.WriteLine(SerializeMe(p));

        Console.ReadLine();
    }

希望这会有所帮助：）

Answer 4

如果您有这种结构的XML架构（或可以生成一个） - 我的首选是使用XSD.exe生成该类。

xmlserializer的属性和多个元素

4 个答案: