我正在尝试使用twitter4j库创建一个twitter客户端。但我仍然不清楚这些东西，我找不到一个好的教程。大多数教程都已过时。主要是我想知道，每当我创建Twitter客户端时，我是否必须使用OAuth？如果不是我应该怎么做（我的意思是，没有获得'消费者密钥'和'消费者保密'，只需输入用户名和密码）？任何帮助，将不胜感激。谢谢。
答案 0 :(得分：12)
如果您想使用twitter4j，您必须在http://dev.twitter.com/apps/注册一个应用以获取消费者密钥和秘密。
我的应用只是发布带有图片的推文，我希望找到一个简单的推文功能，但却发现了一个迷宫般的身份验证细节和代码线程问题。
为了更容易通过图片发送推文，我将twitter4j封装在一个包装JAR文件中，该文件处理所有身份验证和线程问题。它只需要几行代码（至少3行）即可工作。 JAR文件名为MSTwitter.jar。
MSTwitter.jar包含三个文件，其中一个是MSTwitter。此文件的顶部是解释如何使用JAR的注释。他们在这里重复：
To use MSTwitter.jar:
-Project setup:
-Create a twitter app on https://dev.twitter.com/apps/ to get:
-CONSUMER_KEY a public key(string) used to authenticate your app with Twitter.com
-CONSUMER_SECRET a private key(string) used to authenticate your app with Twitter.com
You don't need any thing else so authorization url etc are not important for this process
-Put twitter4j-core-3.0.2.jar and MSTwitter.jar files in your project's libs directory:
-You can download twitter4j from from http://twitter4j.org
-Register the jars in your project build path:
Project->Properties->Java Build Path->Libraries->Add Jar
->select the jar files you just added to your project's libs directory.
-Make AndroidManifest.xml modifications
-Add <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> inside manifest section (<manifest>here</manifest>)
-Add <uses-permission android:name="com.mindspiker.mstwitter.MSTwitterService" /> inside manifest section
-Add <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY" /> inside manifest section
-Add <activity android:name="com.mindspiker.mstwitter.MSTwitterAuthorizer" /> inside application section.
-Add <service android:name="com.mindspiker.mstwitter.MSTwitterService" /> inside application section.
-Code to add to you calling activity
-Define a module MSTwitter variable.
-In onCreate() allocate a module level MSTwitter variable
ex: mMTwitter = new MSTWitter(args);]
-Add code to catch response from MSTwitterAuthorizer in your activity's onActivityResult()
ex:@Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data){ mMSTwitter.onCallingActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); }
-Call startTweet(String text, String imagePath) on your MSTwitter object instance.
if you image is held in memory and not saved to disk call
MSTwitter.putBitmapInDiskCache() to save to a temporary file on disk.
-(Optional) Add a MSTwitterResultReceiver to catch MSTwitter events which are
fired at various stages of the process.
MSTwitterResultReceiver events:
-MSTWEET_STATUS_AUTHORIZING the app is not authorized and the authorization process is starting.
-MSTWEET_STATUS_STARTING the app is authorized and sending the tweet text and image is starting.
-MSTWEET_STATUS_FINSIHED_SUCCCESS the tweet is done and was successful.
-MSTWEET_STATUS_FINSIHED_FAILED the tweet is done and failed to complete.
Notes:
-If your project compiles but crashes when any twwiter4j object is instantiated a possible cause may be trying to add the jars as external jars instead of the suggested method above. If your libraries directory already exists but is called 'lib', change the name to 'libs'. Sounds crazy I know, but works in some situations.
-To prevent large images from being passed around between intents images should be cached to disk and retrieved when used. Only the file name is passed between intents.
-To perform tasks on a separate thread that passes information to and from activities, which could be destroyed at any time (phone call, screen orientation change, etc.), a method using intent services to perform the work and sticky broadcasts to pass the data was employed. For more on this method and why it was used check out: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1111980/how-to-handle-screen-orientation-change-when-progress-dialog-and-background-thre/8074278#8074278
以下文件来自一个示例项目，该项目发布带有图像的推文。
的AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.imagetweettester" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8"android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.mindspiker.mstwitter.MSTwitterService" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY" />
<application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity android:name="com.example.imagetweettester.MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name="com.mindspiker.mstwitter.MSTwitterAuthorizer" />
<service android:name="com.mindspiker.mstwitter.MSTwitterService" />
</application>
</manifest>
MainActivity.java
package com.example.imagetweettester;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import com.mindspiker.mstwitter.MSTwitter;
import com.mindspiker.mstwitter.MSTwitter.MSTwitterResultReceiver;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
/** Consumer Key generated when you registered your app at https://dev.twitter.com/apps/ */
public static final String CONSUMER_KEY = "yourConsumerKeyHere";
/** Consumer Secret generated when you registered your app at https://dev.twitter.com/apps/ */
public static final String CONSUMER_SECRET = "yourConsumerSecretHere";
/** module level variables used in different parts of this module */
private MSTwitter mMSTwitter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// setup button to call local tweet() function
Button tweetButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
tweetButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener () {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
tweet();
}
});
// make a MSTwitter event handler to receive tweet send events
MSTwitterResultReceiver myMSTReceiver = new MSTwitterResultReceiver() {
@Override
public void onRecieve(int tweetLifeCycleEvent, String tweetMessage) {
handleTweetMessage(tweetLifeCycleEvent, tweetMessage);
}
};
// create module level MSTwitter object.
// This object can be destroyed and recreated without interrupting the send tweet process.
// So no need to save and pass back in savedInstanceState bundle.
mMSTwitter = new MSTwitter(this, CONSUMER_KEY, CONSUMER_SECRET, myMSTReceiver);
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data){
//This MUST MUST be done for authorization to work. If your get a MSTWEET_STATUS_AUTHORIZING
// message and nothing else it is most likely because this is not being done.
mMSTwitter.onCallingActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
}
/**
* Send tweet using MSTwitter object created in onCreate()
*/
private void tweet() {
// assemble data
// get text from layout control
EditText tweetEditText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);
String textToTweet = tweetEditText.getText().toString();
// get image from resource
Bitmap imageToTweet = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.ic_launcher);
// use MSTwitter function to save image to file because startTweet() takes an image path
// this is done to avoid passing large image files between intents which is not android best practices
String tweetImagePath = MSTwitter.putBitmapInDiskCache(this, imageToTweet);
// start the tweet
mMSTwitter.startTweet(textToTweet, tweetImagePath);
}
@SuppressLint("SimpleDateFormat")
private void handleTweetMessage(int event, String message) {
String note = "";
switch (event) {
case MSTwitter.MSTWEET_STATUS_AUTHORIZING:
note = "Authorizing app with twitter.com";
break;
case MSTwitter.MSTWEET_STATUS_STARTING:
note = "Tweet data send started";
break;
case MSTwitter.MSTWEET_STATUS_FINSIHED_SUCCCESS:
note = "Tweet sent successfully";
break;
case MSTwitter.MSTWEET_STATUS_FINSIHED_FAILED:
note = "Tweet failed:" + message;
break;
}
// add note to results TextView
SimpleDateFormat timeFmt = new SimpleDateFormat("h:mm:ss.S");
String timeS = timeFmt.format(new Date());
TextView resultsTV = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.resultsTextView);
resultsTV.setText(resultsTV.getText() + "\n[Message received at " + timeS +"]\n" + note);
}
}
activity_main.xml中
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="vertical" tools:context=".MainActivity" >
<Button android:id="@+id/button1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="Start Tweet" />
<TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Text to tweet:" />
<EditText android:id="@+id/editText1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:ems="10" android:text="Test tweet text" >
<requestFocus />
</EditText>
<ImageView android:id="@+id/imageView1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />
<TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Results:" />
<TextView android:id="@+id/resultsTextView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="" />
</LinearLayout>
答案 1 :(得分：1)
我使用了MindSpiker答案中引用的jar文件：
如果我在Twitter应用配置中放置一个随机回调网址：
我的应用程序打开一个浏览器，我登录并尝试调用回调网址，它在Twitter的网页中创建了一个错误。
如果我留空：我收到此错误：
04-02 13:48:49.654: E/MSTwitter(7983): Tweeter Error: 401:Authentication credentials (https://dev.twitter.com/pages/auth) were missing or incorrect. Ensure that you have set valid consumer key/secret, access token/secret, and the system clock is in sync.
04-02 13:48:49.654: E/MSTwitter(7983): <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
04-02 13:48:49.654: E/MSTwitter(7983): <hash>
04-02 13:48:49.654: E/MSTwitter(7983): <request>/oauth/request_token</request>
04-02 13:48:49.654: E/MSTwitter(7983): <error>Desktop applications only support the oauth_callback value 'oob'</error>
04-02 13:48:49.654: E/MSTwitter(7983): </hash>
04-02 13:48:49.654: E/MSTwitter(7983): 10f5ada3-e574402b: 401:Authentication credentials (https://dev.twitter.com/pages/auth) were missing or incorrect. Ensure that you have set valid consumer key/secret, access token/secret, and the system clock is in sync.
04-02 13:48:49.654: E/MSTwitter(7983): <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
04-02 13:48:49.654: E/MSTwitter(7983): <hash>
04-02 13:48:49.654: E/MSTwitter(7983): <request>/oauth/request_token</request>
04-02 13:48:49.654: E/MSTwitter(7983): <error>Desktop applications only support the oauth_callback value 'oob'</error>
04-02 13:48:49.654: E/MSTwitter(7983): </hash>
我在这里做错了什么？
答案 2 :(得分：1)
首先，我要感谢MindSpiker这个很棒的包装器。我无法相信在Android上发送简单的文本状态有多难。在iOS中使用正确的库非常简单。此外，我还希望通过一些小修补程序为您的图书馆做出贡献。
与某些用户一样，在我授权我的应用后，我也得到了“抱歉该页面不存在”网页，因此我下载了您的代码并从源代码进行了调试。出于一个奇怪的原因，MSTwitterAuthorizer.java文件中的shouldOverrideUrlLoading方法没有以正确的方式触发。这是原始代码：
private class TwitterWebViewClient extends WebViewClient {
@Override
public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
// see if Twitter.com send back a url containing the callback key
if (url.contains(MSTwitter.CALLBACK_URL)) {
// we are done talking with twitter.com so check credentials and finish interface.
processResponse(url);
finish();
return true;
} else {
// keep browsing
view.loadUrl(url);
return false;
}
}
}
我建议添加一个onPageStarted事件：
private class TwitterWebViewClient extends WebViewClient {
@Override
public void onPageStarted(WebView view, String url, Bitmap favicon) {
if (url.contains(MSTwitter.CALLBACK_URL)) {
// we are done talking with twitter.com so check credentials and finish interface.
processResponse(url);
finish();
}
}
@Override
public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
// see if Twitter.com send back a url containing the callback key
if (url.contains(MSTwitter.CALLBACK_URL)) {
// we are done talking with twitter.com so check credentials and finish interface.
processResponse(url);
finish();
return true;
} else {
// keep browsing
view.loadUrl(url);
return false;
}
}
}
然后我可以在Android 2.2上运行它：）
请在GitHub上传你的代码，你可以添加一些额外的方法，如获取时间线或其他任何东西。认证的事情非常烦人。
答案 3 :(得分：1)
啊，你还需要在twitter dev app设置页面设置回调网址（你想要的任何网页，这没关系）：）