我正在尝试在更改其实例变量时将对象检索为Map中的键。就我而言,当我在Map结构中搜索一个关键对象时,它应该在hashCode方法返回与最初相同的值时出现。但是,基于以下代码,我无法通过方法get()检索变量权重的值来检索对象:
public class Car implements Comparable<Car> {
int weight;
String name;
public Car(int w, String n) {
weight=w;
name=n;
}
public boolean equals(Object o){
if(o instanceof Car){
Car d = (Car)o;
return ((d.name.equals(name)) && (d.weight==weight));
}
return false;
}
public int hashCode(){
return weight/2 + 17;
}
public String toString(){
return "I am " +name+ " with weight: "+weight;
}
public int compareTo(Car d){
if(this.weight>d.weight)
return 1;
else if(this.weight<d.weight)
return -1;
else
return this.name.compareTo(d.name);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Car d1 = new Car(107, "a");
Car d2 = new Car(110, "b");
Car d3 = new Car(110, "c");
Car d4 = new Car(107, "a");
Map<Car, Integer> m = new HashMap<Car, Integer>();
m.put(d1, 1);
m.put(d2, 2);
m.put(d3, 3);
m.put(d4, 16);
System.out.println(m.get(d1).toString());
d1.weight = 34;
System.out.println(m.get(new Car(34, "a")));
for(Map.Entry<Car, Integer> me : m.entrySet())
System.out.println(me.getKey().toString() + " value: " +me.getValue());
}
输出结果为:
16
null
I am a with weight: 34 16
I am c with weight: 110 3
I am b with weight: 110 2
但是,如果我不改变权重值(省略行:d1.weight = 34;
),仅使用代码行:
System.out.println(m.get(new Car(107, "a")));
输出是:
16
16
I am a with weight: 107 value: 16
I am c with weight: 110 value: 3
I am b with weight: 110 value: 2
它实际上找到了对象。它是以两种方式达到预期的输出,还是在第一个版本中也找到并检索了对象?
答案 0 :(得分:6)
将可变对象作为键存储在哈希表中时应该非常小心。在对象插入上仅对哈希码计算一次。如果您稍后以影响其哈希代码的方式更改对象,则很可能无法找到该对象。
您需要删除对象并在进行此类更改时重新插入。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
System.out.println(m.get(new Car(34, "a")));
您的地图在此处返回null,因为它不包含具有哈希码34的密钥对象。
然而
System.out.println(m.get(new Car(107, "a")));
你的地图确实会返回一个对象,因为它确实包含一个带有哈希码70的密钥对象。