Question

T-SQL，SQL Server 2008及更高版本

给出

的样本表

 StatusSetDateTime   | UserID | Status    | StatusEndDateTime   | StatusDuration(in seconds)
============================================================================
 2012-01-01 12:00:00 | myID   | Available | 2012-01-01 13:00:00 | 3600

我需要将其分解为使用15分钟间隔的视图，例如：

IntervalStart       | UserID | Status | Duration

===========================================

2012-01-01 12:00:00 | myID | Available | 900 

2012-01-01 12:15:00 | myID | Available | 900

2012-01-01 12:30:00 | myID | Available | 900 

2012-01-01 12:45:00 | myID | Available | 900 

2012-01-01 13:00:00 | myID | Available | 0

etc....

现在我已经能够搜索并找到一些会破坏的查询我在MySql Here找到了类似的东西：

适用于T-SQL Here

但是在第二个例子中，他们正在对结果求和，而我需要按用户按状态将总持续时间除以间隔时间（900秒）。

我能够调整第二个链接中的示例，将所有内容拆分为间隔，但返回总持续时间，我无法弄清楚如何将间隔持续时间分割（并且仍然总计为原始持续时间总计））。

提前感谢任何见解！

编辑：首次尝试

 ;with cte as 
    (select MIN(StatusDateTime) as MinDate
          , MAX(StatusDateTime) as MaxDate
          , convert(varchar(14),StatusDateTime, 120) as StartDate
          , DATEPART(minute, StatusDateTime) /15 as GroupID
          , UserID
          , StatusKey
          , avg(StateDuration) as AvgAmount
     from AgentActivityLog
     group by convert(varchar(14),StatusDateTime, 120)
         , DATEPART(minute, StatusDateTime) /15
         , Userid,StatusKey)

  select dateadd(minute, 15*GroupID, CONVERT(datetime,StartDate+'00'))
         as [Start Date]
       , UserID, StatusKey, AvgAmount as [Average Amount]
  from cte

编辑：第二次尝试

;With cte As
   (Select DateAdd(minute
                   , 15 * (DateDiff(minute, '20000101', StatusDateTime) / 15)
                   , '20000101') As StatusDateTime
         , userid, statuskey, StateDuration
    From AgentActivityLog)

 Select StatusDateTime, userid,statuskey,Avg(StateDuration)
 From cte
 Group By StatusDateTime,userid,statuskey;

Answer 1

;with cte_max as 
(
   select dateadd(mi, -15, max(StatusEndDateTime)) as EndTime, min(StatusSetDateTime) as StartTime
   from AgentActivityLog
), times as
(
    select StartTime as Time from cte_max
    union all
    select dateadd(mi, 15, c.Time)
    from times as c
        cross join cte_max as cm
    where c.Time <= cm.EndTime
)
select
    t.Time, A.UserID, A.Status,
    case
        when t.Time = A.StatusEndDateTime then 0
        else A.StatusDuration / (count(*) over (partition by A.StatusSetDateTime, A.UserID, A.Status) - 1)
    end as Duration
from AgentActivityLog as A
    left outer join times as t on t.Time >= A.StatusSetDateTime and t.Time <= A.StatusEndDateTime

<强> sql fiddle demo

Answer 2

我从未习惯使用日期数学将事物拆分为分区。似乎存在各种陷阱。

我更喜欢做的是创建一个表（预定义的，表值函数，表变量），其中每个日期分区范围都有一行。表值函数方法特别有用，因为您可以根据需要为任意范围和分区大小构建它。然后，您可以加入此表以分解内容。

paritionid starttime     endtime
---------- ------------- -------------
1          8/1/2012 5:00 8/1/2012 5:15
2          8/1/2012 5:15 8/1/2012 5:30
...

我无法谈论此方法的性能，但我发现查询更加直观。

Answer 3

如果你有一个每15分钟时间戳的帮助表，通过BETWEEN加入你的基表，这是相对简单的。您可以动态构建帮助程序表，也可以将其永久保存在数据库中。对你公司的下一个人来说也很容易理解：

// declare a table and a timestamp variable
declare @timetbl table(t datetime)
declare @t datetime

// set the first timestamp
set @t = '2012-01-01 00:00:00'

// set the last timestamp, can easily be extended to cover many years
while @t <= '2013-01-01'
begin
    // populate the table with a new row, every 15 minutes
    insert into @timetbl values (@t)
    set @t = dateadd(mi, 15, @t)
end


// now the Select query:
select 
   tt.t, aal.UserID, aal.Status,
   case when aal.StatusEndDateTime <= tt.t then 0 else 900 end as Duration
   // using a shortcut for Duration, based on your comment that Start/End are always on the quarter-hour, and thus always 900 seconds or zero

from 
   @timetbl tt 
      INNER JOIN AgentActivityLog aal 
         on tt.t between aal.StatusSetDateTime and aal.StatusEndDateTime

order by
  aal.UserID, tt.t

Answer 4

您可以使用recursive Common Table Expression，在StatusEndDateTime大于IntervalStart时继续添加持续时间，例如

;with cte as (
    select StatusSetDateTime as IntervalStart
        ,UserID
        ,Status
        ,StatusDuration/(datediff(mi, StatusSetDateTime, StatusEndDateTime)/15) as Duration
        , StatusEndDateTime
    From AgentActivityLog
    Union all
    Select DATEADD(ss, Duration, IntervalStart) as IntervalStart
        , UserID
        , Status
        , case when DATEADD(ss, Duration, IntervalStart) = StatusEndDateTime then 0 else Duration end as Duration
        , StatusEndDateTime
    From cte
    Where IntervalStart < StatusEndDateTime
)

select IntervalStart, UserID, Status, Duration from cte

Answer 5

这是一个不需要帮助表即可为您完成工作的查询。（我没有反对帮助表，它们很有用，我使用它们。有时候也可能不使用它们。）这个查询允许活动随时开始和结束，即使不是以00结尾的整个分钟，：15，：30，：45。如果有毫秒部分，那么你将不得不做一些实验，因为按照你的模型，我只进行了第二次分辨。

如果您有一个已知的硬最大持续时间，则删除@MaxDuration并将其替换为该值，以分钟为单位。 N <= @MaxDuration对查询效果至关重要。

DECLARE @MaxDuration int;
SET @MaxDuration = (SELECT Max(StatusDuration) / 60 FROM #AgentActivityLog);

WITH
L0 AS(SELECT 1 c UNION ALL SELECT 1),
L1 AS(SELECT 1 c FROM L0, L0 B),
L2 AS(SELECT 1 c FROM L1, L1 B),
L3 AS(SELECT 1 c FROM L2, L2 B),
L4 AS(SELECT 1 c FROM L3, L3 B),
L5 AS(SELECT 1 c FROM L4, L4 B),
Nums AS(SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 0)) n FROM L5)
SELECT
   S.IntervalStart,
   Duration = DateDiff(second, S.IntervalStart, E.IntervalEnd)
FROM
   #AgentActivityLog L
   CROSS APPLY (
      SELECT N, Offset = (N.N - 1) * 900
      FROM Nums N
      WHERE N <= @MaxDuration
   ) N
   CROSS APPLY (
      SELECT Edge =
         DateAdd(second, N.Offset, DateAdd(minute,
            DateDiff(minute, '20000101', L.StatusSetDateTime)
            / 15 * 15, '20000101')
         )
   ) G
   CROSS APPLY (
      SELECT IntervalStart = Max(T.BeginTime)
      FROM (
         SELECT L.StatusSetDateTime
         UNION ALL SELECT G.Edge
      ) T (BeginTime)
   ) S
   CROSS APPLY (
      SELECT IntervalEnd = Min(T.EndTime)
      FROM (
         SELECT L.StatusEndDateTime
         UNION ALL SELECT G.Edge + '00:15:00'
      ) T (EndTime)
   ) E
WHERE
   N.Offset <= L.StatusDuration
ORDER BY
   L.StatusSetDateTime,
   S.IntervalStart;

如果您想尝试，请使用以下设置脚本：

CREATE TABLE #AgentActivityLog (
    StatusSetDateTime datetime,
    StatusEndDateTime datetime,
    StatusDuration AS (DateDiff(second, 0, StatusEndDateTime - StatusSetDateTime))
);

INSERT #AgentActivityLog -- weird end times
SELECT '20120101 12:00:00', '20120101 13:00:00'
UNION ALL SELECT '20120101 13:00:00', '20120101 13:27:56'
UNION ALL SELECT '20120101 13:27:56', '20120101 13:28:52'
UNION ALL SELECT '20120101 13:28:52', '20120120 11:00:00'

INSERT #AgentActivityLog -- 15-minute quantized end times
SELECT '20120101 12:00:00', '20120101 13:00:00'
UNION ALL SELECT '20120101 13:00:00', '20120101 13:30:00'
UNION ALL SELECT '20120101 13:30:00', '20120101 14:00:00'
UNION ALL SELECT '20120101 14:00:00', '20120120 11:00:00'

此外，这是一个期望只有整个分钟结束时间的版本：00，：15，：30或：45。

DECLARE @MaxDuration int;
SET @MaxDuration = (SELECT Max(StatusDuration) / 60 FROM #AgentActivityLog);

WITH
L0 AS(SELECT 1 c UNION ALL SELECT 1),
L1 AS(SELECT 1 c FROM L0, L0 B),
L2 AS(SELECT 1 c FROM L1, L1 B),
L3 AS(SELECT 1 c FROM L2, L2 B),
L4 AS(SELECT 1 c FROM L3, L3 B),
L5 AS(SELECT 1 c FROM L4, L4 B),
Nums AS(SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 0)) n FROM L5)
SELECT
   S.IntervalStart,
   Duration = CASE WHEN Offset = StatusDuration THEN 0 ELSE 900 END
FROM
   #AgentActivityLog L
   CROSS APPLY (
      SELECT N, Offset = (N.N - 1) * 900
      FROM Nums N
      WHERE N <= @MaxDuration
   ) N
   CROSS APPLY (
      SELECT IntervalStart = DateAdd(second, N.Offset, L.StatusSetDateTime)
   ) S
WHERE
   N.Offset <= L.StatusDuration   
ORDER BY
   L.StatusSetDateTime,
   S.IntervalStart;

看起来似乎最后的0 Duration行不正确，因为那时你不能只按IntervalStart排序，因为有重复的IntervalStart值。让行添加0的行有什么好处？

组表分为15分钟

5 个答案: