Python动态帮助和自动完成生成

时间:2012-11-28 10:38:26

标签: python dynamic autocomplete docstring

我几乎有我想要的东西......

此动态对象使用动态docstring生成封装通用函数调用:

def add_docs(tool):  
    def desc(func):  
        func.__doc__ = "Showing help for %s()" % tool
        return func
    return desc

class Dynamic(object):
    def __getattr__(self, value):
        @add_docs(value)
        def mutable_f(*args, **kwargs):
            print "Calling:", value
            print "With arguments:", args, kwargs

        return mutable_f

它按预期工作:

>>> Dynamic().test(1, input='file')
Calling: test
With arguments: (1,) {'input': 'file'}
>>> Dynamic().test.__doc__
'Showing help for test()'

唯一的两个问题是帮助显示mutable_f签名

>>> help(Dynamic().test)
Help on function mutable_f in module __main__:

mutable_f(*args, **kwargs)
    Showing help for test()
(END)

并且没有自动完成(我可以在运行中获得有效函数列表,并缓存它,因为该操作很昂贵)

我认为第一个是无法解决的,但我对第二个不太确定。 想法?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:6)

自动完成通常会使用可以挂钩的dir() function输出。只需实现__dir__()方法:

def __dir__(self):
    res = dir(type(self)) + list(self.__dict__.keys())
    res.extend(['dynamic1', 'dynamic2'])
    return res

至于在匹配签名时包装函数,您需要根据该签名构建一个外观。我done exactly that for a Zope security feature

import inspect
import functools


class _Default(object):
    def __init__(self, repr):
        self._repr = repr
    def __repr__(self):
        return self._repr


def _buildFacade(name, spec, docstring):
    """Build a facade function, matching the decorated method in signature.

    Note that defaults are replaced by instances of _Default, and _curried
    will reconstruct these to preserve mutable defaults.

    """
    args = inspect.formatargspec(
        formatvalue=lambda v: '=_Default({0!r})'.format(repr(v)), *spec)
    callargs = inspect.formatargspec(formatvalue=lambda v: '', *spec)
    return 'def {0}{1}:\n    """{2}"""\n    return _curried{3}'.format(
        name, args, docstring, callargs)


def add_docs(tool):
    spec = inspect.getargspec(tool)
    args, defaults = spec[0], spec[3]

    arglen = len(args)
    if defaults is not None:
        defaults = zip(args[arglen - len(defaults):], defaults)
        arglen -= len(defaults)

    def _curried(*args, **kw):
        # Reconstruct keyword arguments
        if defaults is not None:
            args, kwparams = args[:arglen], args[arglen:]
            for positional, (key, default) in zip(kwparams, defaults):
                if isinstance(positional, _Default):
                    kw[key] = default
                else:
                    kw[key] = positional

        return tool(*args, **kw)

    name = tool.__name__
    doc = 'Showing help for {0}()'.format(name)
    facade_globs = dict(_curried=_curried, _Default=_Default)
    exec _buildFacade(name, spec, doc) in facade_globs

    wrapped = facade_globs[name]
    wrapped = functools.update_wrapper(wrapped, tool,
        assigned=filter(lambda w: w != '__doc__', functools.WRAPPER_ASSIGNMENTS))

    return facade_globs[name]

对于方法签名,几乎,这将是正确的。你不能在这里绕过可变的默认值,并且需要明确地处理它们以保留它们。

小型演示:

>>> def foo(bar, spam='eggs', foobarred={}):
...     foobarred[bar] = spam
...     print foobarred
... 
>>> documented = add_docs(foo)
>>> help(documented)
Help on function foo:

foo(bar, spam='eggs', foobarred={})
    Showing help for foo()

>>> documented('monty', 'python')
{'monty': 'python'}
>>> documented('Eric', 'Idle')
{'Eric': 'Idle', 'monty': 'python'}

整个_Default舞蹈需要保留可变的默认值,虽然这通常是一个坏主意,但确实需要继续按原定的方式工作。建造的立面将像原始一样看起来,并且会像它一样,但是变体仍然存在于“正确”的位置。

请注意,立面会尽可能地更新以匹配原件;通过使用functools.update_wrapper,各种元数据将从原始元素复制到外观,但我们会小心地从中排除__doc__字符串,因为我们的外观明确地使用了它自己的文档字符串。