ConnectEx函数需要一个"未连接的,先前绑定的套接字"。实际上,如果我省略了示例中的bind步骤(见下文),则ConnectEx会失败并显示WSAEINVAL。
以下是我目前的理解:在调用ConnectEx之前,bind将套接字调用到INADDR_ANY
和端口0(除非它已被绑定):
struct sockaddr_in addr;
ZeroMemory(&addr, sizeof(addr));
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
addr.sin_port = 0;
rc = bind(sock, (SOCKADDR*) &addr, sizeof(addr));
if (rc != 0) { ... bind failed; call WSAGetLastError to see why ... }
或者对于IPv6套接字:
struct sockaddr_in6 addr;
ZeroMemory(&addr, sizeof(addr));
addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
addr.sin6_addr = in6addr_any;
addr.sin6_port = 0;
rc = bind(sock, (SOCKADDR*) &addr, sizeof(addr));
if (rc != 0) { ... bind failed; call WSAGetLastError to see why ... }
这使操作系统可以为我们的套接字分配本地地址(而不是我们连接的远程地址)。 connect会自动执行此步骤,但ConnectEx不会。
我的问题是:
我的评估是否正确?
有没有办法执行与地址系列无关的自动绑定,或者我是否必须处理AF_INET
,AF_INET6
,AF_BTH
(蓝牙)中的每一个)等,手动?
使用ConnectEx示例(也在Gist上:https://gist.github.com/4158972):
#include <stdio.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <MSWSock.h>
#include <WS2tcpip.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "Ws2_32.lib")
struct mswsock_s {
LPFN_CONNECTEX ConnectEx;
} mswsock;
static BOOL load_mswsock(void)
{
SOCKET sock;
DWORD dwBytes;
int rc;
/* Dummy socket needed for WSAIoctl */
sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET)
return FALSE;
{
GUID guid = WSAID_CONNECTEX;
rc = WSAIoctl(sock, SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
&guid, sizeof(guid),
&mswsock.ConnectEx, sizeof(mswsock.ConnectEx),
&dwBytes, NULL, NULL);
if (rc != 0)
return FALSE;
}
rc = closesocket(sock);
if (rc != 0)
return FALSE;
return TRUE;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int rc;
BOOL ok;
WSADATA wsaData;
SOCKET sock;
rc = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);
if (rc != 0) {
printf("WSAStartup failed: %d\n", rc);
return 1;
}
if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2) {
printf("Your computer is from the wrong millenium.\n");
WSACleanup();
return 1;
}
if (!load_mswsock()) {
printf("Error loading mswsock functions: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
printf("socket: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
/* ConnectEx requires the socket to be initially bound. */
{
struct sockaddr_in addr;
ZeroMemory(&addr, sizeof(addr));
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
addr.sin_port = 0;
rc = bind(sock, (SOCKADDR*) &addr, sizeof(addr));
if (rc != 0) {
printf("bind failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
}
/* Issue ConnectEx and wait for the operation to complete. */
{
OVERLAPPED ol;
ZeroMemory(&ol, sizeof(ol));
sockaddr_in addr;
ZeroMemory(&addr, sizeof(addr));
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("173.194.37.36"); // google.com
addr.sin_port = htons(80);
ok = mswsock.ConnectEx(sock, (SOCKADDR*) &addr, sizeof(addr), NULL, 0, NULL, &ol);
if (ok) {
printf("ConnectEx succeeded immediately\n");
} else if (WSAGetLastError() == ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
printf("ConnectEx pending\n");
DWORD numBytes;
ok = GetOverlappedResult((HANDLE) sock, &ol, &numBytes, TRUE);
if (ok)
printf("ConnectEx succeeded\n");
else
printf("ConnectEx failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
} else {
printf("ConnectEx failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
}
/* Make the socket more well-behaved. */
rc = setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_UPDATE_CONNECT_CONTEXT, NULL, 0);
if (rc != 0) {
printf("SO_UPDATE_CONNECT_CONTEXT failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
/* This will fail if SO_UPDATE_CONNECT_CONTEXT was not performed. */
rc = shutdown(sock, SD_BOTH);
if (rc != 0) {
printf("shutdown failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
printf("Done\n");
return 0;
}
答案 0 :(得分:5)
connect会自动执行此步骤,但ConnectEx不会。
正确。
我的评估是否正确?
是
有没有办法对地址族进行无关的自动绑定,还是我必须手动处理每个AF_INET,AF_INET6,AF_BTH(蓝牙)等?
我认为INADDR_ANY
在所有地址系列中都是一堆零,因此您可以尝试使用memset()
并完全省略对addr.sin_addr.s_addr
的分配。这是否是犹太教,便携式,政治上正确等等,是我不会进入的另一个问题。
似乎很奇怪微软没有设法ConnectEx()
在内部调用bind()
,考虑到保存系统调用是其存在的动机,并且还考虑到大多数程序从不绑定出站套接字。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
可以以独立于地址族的方式获取ConnectEx的绑定地址。
解决方案1
使用以下选项致电getaddrinfo
:
pServiceName = "0"
hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE
hints.ai_family = address family of the socket
然后使用返回的地址列表的第一个结果。
要获取套接字的地址系列,您可以getsockopt
使用SO_PROTOCOL_INFOW
。
解决方案2
使用SOCKADDR_STORAGE
作为地址结构,并调用INETADDR_SETANY
中定义的MSTcpIP.h
。它支持AF_INET
和AF_INET6
。