Question

如何将值传递给struct变量我试图从用户那里获取员工信息，然后将其写入文件中，但输入员工姓名后我得到segmentation fault。这是我的代码。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct record_em{
    int id;
    char name[20];
    int salary;
    int age;
};

int main( void )
{
    struct record_em employee;
    FILE *fp;
    int id, salary, age;
    char name[20];
    int n=1;

    fp = fopen("empRecord.dat","a");
    while(n==1){
        printf("\nEnter Employee ID\n");
        scanf("%d",&id);
        employee.id=id;
        printf("\nEnter Employee Name\n");
        scanf("%s",name);
        employee.name=name;
        printf("\nEnter Employee Salary\n");
        scanf("%d",&salary);
        employee.salary=salary;
        printf("\nEnter Employee Age\n");
        scanf("%d",&age);
        employee.age=age;
        fwrite(&employee,sizeof(employee),1,fp);
        printf("Enter 1 to add new record \n");
        scanf("%d",&n);
    }

    fclose(fp);

    return 0;
    }

输出（取自评论）：

Fatmahs-MacBook-Air:~ fatmah$ gcc -o em em.c
Fatmahs-MacBook-Air:~ fatmah$ ./em
Enter Employee ID
88
Enter Employee Name
uu
Segmentation fault: 11

Answer 1

更改

scanf("%s",name);
employee.name=name;

到

scanf("%s",name);
strcpy(employee.name, name);

更好的是，正如Dukeling＆amp; amp; hmjd

scanf("%19s", employee.name);

Answer 2

这是一个主要问题：

scanf("%s",name);
employee.name=name;

成员name是数组，您无法分配给它。而是使用strcpy 复制。

Answer 3

创建一个typedef结构record_t，使事情更简短，更容易理解。

typedef struct {
    int id;
    char name[20];
    int salary;
    int age;
} record_t;

创建文件并首先对其进行格式化。

void file2Creator( FILE *fp )
{
    int i; // Counter to create the file.
    record_t data = { 0, "", 0, 0 }; // A blank example to format the file.

    /* You will create 100 consecutive records*/
    for( i = 1; i <= 100; i++ ){
        fwrite( &data, sizeof( record_t ), 1, fp );
    }

    fclose( fp ); // You can close the file here or later however you need.  
}

将函数写入填充文件。

void fillFile( FILE *fp )
{
    int position;
    record_t data = { 0, "", 0, 0 };


    printf( "Enter the position to fill (1-100) 0 to finish:\n?" );
    scanf( "%d", &position );

    while( position != 0 ){
        printf( "Enter the id, name, and the two other values (integers):\n?" );
        fscanf( stdin, "%d%s%d%d", &data.id, data.name, data.salary, data.age );

        /* You have to seek the pointer. */
        fseek( fp, ( position - 1 ) * sizeof( record_t ), SEEK_SET );
        fwrite( &data, sizeof( record_t ), 1, fp );
        printf( "Enter a new position (1-100) 0 to finish:\n?" );
        scanf( "%d", &position );
    }

    fclose( fPtr ); //You can close the file or not, depends in what you need.
}

您可以将其用作参考Comparing and checking columns in two files

如何将值传递给struct变量然后在文件中写入结构？

3 个答案: