我有一个像这个简单的http://issamsoft.com/app2/page1.aspx的Asp .net页面 我想发布一些数据并从响应中提取数据, 通过使用TIdHttp。我尝试在Delphi2009中这样做:
Procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
Const
VIEWSTATE = '/wEPDwUKMjA3NjE4MDczNmRkSxPt/LdmgqMd+hN+hkbiqIZuGUk=';
EVENTVALIDATION = '/wEWAwL40NXEDALs0bLrBgKM54rGBtmtdOYy+U7IFq8B25bYT1d4o1iK';
FORMPARAMS = 'TextBox1=Issam&Button1=Button';
URL = 'http://issamsoft.com/app2/page1.aspx';
var
http: TIdHttp;
lstParams: TStringList;
begin
http := TIdHTTP.Create(self);
lstParams := TStringList.Create;
try
lstParams.Add('__VIEWSTATE='+VIEWSTATE);
lstParams.Add('__EVENTVALIDATION='+EVENTVALIDATION);
lstParams.Add(FORMPARAMS);
http.Request.ContentType := 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
Memo1.Lines.Text := http.Post(url,lstParams);
finally
http.Free;
lstParams.Free;
end;
end;
但TIdhttp总是出错(HTTP / 1.1 500内部服务器错误。) 我在idHttp单元中阅读了一些注释,讨论了http协议v 1.1的问题,如下所示:
目前,在发布POST时,IdHTTP会自动将协议设置为版本 1.0与最初的值无关,这是因为 有些服务器完全不尊重RFC。在 特别是,他们不尊重发送/不发送期望:100-Continue 头。直到我们找到一个不破坏RFC的最佳解决方案,我们 将POSTS限制为1.0版。
我的代码有问题还是TidHttp Bug?如果问题在于 TIdHttp,有什么解决方法吗?或者是否有使用Indy组件的其他解决方案?
除。我已经使用WebClient在C#中创建了一个解决方案,它的工作非常好。
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
WebClient myClient = new WebClient();
string viewstate = HttpUtility.UrlEncodeUnicode(@"/wEPDwUKMjA3NjE4MDczNmRkSxPt/LdmgqMd+hN+hkbiqIZuGUk=");
string eventvaildation = HttpUtility.UrlEncodeUnicode(@"/wEWAwL40NXEDALs0bLrBgKM54rGBtmtdOYy+U7IFq8B25bYT1d4o1iK");
string postdata = "__VIEWSTATE=" + viewstate + "&" +
"__EVENTVALIDATION=" + eventvaildation + "&TextBox1=Issam&Button1=Button";
myClient.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
byte[] responce = myClient.UploadData("http://issamsoft.com/app2/page1.aspx", Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(postdata));
txtResponse.Text = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(responce);
}
我可以在Delphi中找到类似WebClient的(好/可信)类吗?免费首选:)
编辑: 我希望VIEWSTATE,EVENTVALIDATION的机制足够清楚,它们是服务器生成的哈希值,它们可能会改变(已经改变),我的原始项目有一段代码只是为了提取当前的VIEWSTATE,EVENTVALIDATION值,但我省略该部分只是为了使我的例子简单明了,所以当你想尝试上面的代码时,你必须从当前页面源获取VIEWSTATE,EVENTVALIDATION值。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
这很可能是因为在C#中,您使用&符号(& )来连接VIEWSTATE,EVENTVALIDATION和FORMPARAMS。
但在Delphi中,您使用TStringList和Add。 添加不会放置&符号(& ),而是添加之间的CR + LF。
因此,您在Delphi中发送的数据不同于C#中的数据。
如果你在Delphi中更改字符串连接逻辑以匹配C#中的逻辑,它应该可以工作,无论你在Delphi端使用什么类型的WebClient。
- 的Jeroen
编辑:20090830
此代码有效;使用Fiddler2检查C#和IE7输出,我发现你还需要转义'/'和'='字符。
Edit2:20090831
自从昨天以来,网站上的VIEWSTATE和EVENTVALIDATION发生了变化(虽然我不知道为什么)。我已经更改了代码,它在将更改发布到此答案时起作用。 这是从Internet Explorer 7中发布页面时每个Fiddler捕获的新请求内容:
__VIEWSTATE=%2FwEPDwUKMjA3NjE4MDczNmRk5%2FC2iWwvlAB3L1wYzRpm3KZhRC0%3D&__EVENTVALIDATION=%2FwEWAwLXzuATAuzRsusGAoznisYGSYOqDGy4vMunY6A8xi6ahQEPI5Q%3D&TextBox1=Issam&Button1=Button
这是从Delphi示例中发布的新请求:
__VIEWSTATE=%2FwEPDwUKMjA3NjE4MDczNmRk5%2FC2iWwvlAB3L1wYzRpm3KZhRC0%3D&__EVENTVALIDATION=%2FwEWAwLXzuATAuzRsusGAoznisYGSYOqDGy4vMunY6A8xi6ahQEPI5Q%3D&TextBox1=Issam&Button1=Button
以下示例现在提供此结果(请注意结果中的“ Issam ”):
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head><title>
</title></head>
<body>
<form name="form1" method="post" action="page1.aspx" id="form1">
<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" id="__VIEWSTATE" value="/wEPDwUKMjA3NjE4MDczNg9kFgICAw9kFgICBQ8PFgIeBFRleHQFDVdlbGNvbWUgSXNzYW1kZGSCDMOkTMjkZJgqLkhpK99twpD5+A==" />
<input type="hidden" name="__EVENTVALIDATION" id="__EVENTVALIDATION" value="/wEWAwKr+O/BBQLs0bLrBgKM54rGBlueO5BU/6BAJMZfHNwh5fsQFuAm" />
<div>
<input name="TextBox1" type="text" value="Issam" id="TextBox1" />
<input type="submit" name="Button1" value="Button" id="Button1" />
<br />
<span id="Label1">Welcome Issam</span>
<br />
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
编辑3:20090831
事实上,VIEWSTATE和EVENTVALIDATION再次发生变化:不知何故,他们不断变化:似乎涉及到时间因素。
所以我调整了代码,现在它可以从GET请求中提取VIEWSTATE和EVENTVALIDATION,然后将其放入POST请求中。
此外,似乎还需要转义'+'和':'。 所以我挖掘了ASP.NET页面生成逻辑,发现他们使用HttpUtility.UrlEncode进行转义,最终检查 HttpUtility.IsSafe 哪些字符可以逃脱。 所以我改编了Reflector反向工程Delphi代码到一个THttpUtility类。
这是最终代码:
{$DEFINE FIDDLER}
unit HttpPostExampleFormUnit;
interface
uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
Dialogs, StdCtrls, IdBaseComponent, IdComponent, IdTCPConnection, IdTCPClient, IdHTTP;
type
THttpPostExampleForm = class(TForm)
Button1: TButton;
Memo1: TMemo;
procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
private
procedure Log(const What: string; const Content: string);
procedure LogClear;
end;
var
HttpPostExampleForm: THttpPostExampleForm;
implementation
uses
HttpUtilityUnit;
{$R *.dfm}
procedure AddFormParameter(const StringStream: TStringStream; const ParameterName: string; const ParameterValue: string);
var
EncodedParameterValue: string;
begin
StringStream.WriteString(ParameterName);
StringStream.WriteString('=');
EncodedParameterValue := THttpUtility.UrlEncode(ParameterValue);
StringStream.WriteString(EncodedParameterValue);
end;
procedure AddFormParameterSeparator(const StringStream: TStringStream);
begin
StringStream.WriteString('&');
end;
function ExtractHiddenParameter(const ParameterName: string; const Request: string): string;
//<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" id="__VIEWSTATE" value="/wEPDwUKMjA3NjE4MDczNg9kFgICAw9kFgICBQ8PFgIeBFRleHQFDVdlbGNvbWUgSXNzYW1kZGSCDMOkTMjkZJgqLkhpK99twpD5+A==" />
const
PrefixMask = 'input type="hidden" name="%s" id="%s" value="';
Suffix = '" />';
var
Prefix: string;
PrefixLength: Integer;
PrefixPosition: Integer;
SuffixPosition: Integer;
begin
Prefix := Format(PrefixMask, [ParameterName, ParameterName]);
PrefixPosition := Pos(Prefix, Request);
if PrefixPosition = 0 then
Result := ''
else
begin
PrefixLength := Length(Prefix);
Result := Copy(Request,
PrefixPosition + PrefixLength,
1 + Length(Request) - PrefixPosition - PrefixLength);
SuffixPosition := Pos(Suffix, Result);
if SuffixPosition = 0 then
Result := ''
else
Delete(Result, SuffixPosition, 1 + Length(Result) - SuffixPosition);
end;
end;
procedure THttpPostExampleForm.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
const
DefaultVIEWSTATE = '/wEPDwUKMjA3NjE4MDczNmRk5%2FC2iWwvlAB3L1wYzRpm3KZhRC0=';
DefaultEVENTVALIDATION = '/wEWAwLXzuATAuzRsusGAoznisYGSYOqDGy4vMunY6A8xi6ahQEPI5Q=';
FORMPARAMS = 'TextBox1=Issam&Button1=Button';
URL = 'http://issamsoft.com/app2/page1.aspx';
__VIEWSATE = '__VIEWSTATE';
__EVENTVALIDATION = '__EVENTVALIDATION';
var
VIEWSTATE: string;
EVENTVALIDATION: string;
getHttp: TIdHttp;
getRequest: string;
postHttp: TIdHttp;
ParametersStringStream: TStringStream;
postRequest: string;
begin
LogClear();
getHttp := TIdHTTP.Create(self);
try
getRequest := getHttp.Get(URL);
Log('GET Request', getRequest);
VIEWSTATE := ExtractHiddenParameter(__VIEWSATE, getRequest);
EVENTVALIDATION := ExtractHiddenParameter(__EVENTVALIDATION, getRequest);
Log('Extracted VIEWSTATE', VIEWSTATE);
Log('Extracted EVENTVALIDATION', EVENTVALIDATION);
finally
getHttp.Free();
end;
postHttp := TIdHTTP.Create(self);
{$IFDEF FIDDLER}
postHttp.ProxyParams.ProxyServer := '127.0.0.1';
postHttp.ProxyParams.ProxyPort := 8888;
{$ENDIF FIDDLER}
postHttp.HTTPOptions := postHttp.HTTPOptions + [hoKeepOrigProtocol];
ParametersStringStream := TStringStream.Create('');
try
AddFormParameter(ParametersStringStream, __VIEWSATE, VIEWSTATE);
AddFormParameterSeparator(ParametersStringStream);
AddFormParameter(ParametersStringStream, __EVENTVALIDATION, EVENTVALIDATION);
AddFormParameterSeparator(ParametersStringStream);
ParametersStringStream.WriteString(FORMPARAMS);
postHttp.Request.ContentType := 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
ParametersStringStream.Seek(0, soFromBeginning);
Log('POST Parameters', ParametersStringStream.DataString);
postRequest := postHttp.Post(url, ParametersStringStream);
Log('POST Request', postRequest);
finally
postHttp.Free;
ParametersStringStream.Free;
end;
end;
procedure THttpPostExampleForm.Log(const What, Content: string);
begin
Memo1.Lines.Add(What + '=');
Memo1.Lines.Add(Content);
end;
procedure THttpPostExampleForm.LogClear;
begin
Memo1.Lines.Clear;
end;
end.
和THttpUtlity类:
unit HttpUtilityUnit;
interface
type
THttpUtility = class
private
class function IsSafe(const ch: Char): boolean;
public
class function UrlEncode(s: string): string;
end;
implementation
uses
Classes, SysUtils;
class function THttpUtility.IsSafe(const ch: Char): boolean;
begin
if ((((ch >= 'a') and (ch <= 'z')) or ((ch >= 'A') and (ch <= 'Z'))) or ((ch >= '0') and (ch <= '9'))) then
Result := True
else
case ch of
'''',
'(',
')',
'*',
'-',
'.',
'_',
'!':
Result := True;
else
Result := False;
end;
end;
class function THttpUtility.UrlEncode(s: string): string;
var
ch: Char;
HexCh: string;
StringStream: TStringStream;
Index: Integer;
Ordinal: Integer;
begin
StringStream := TStringStream.Create('');
try
//Note: this is not yet UTF-16 compatible; check before porting to Delphi 2009
for Index := 1 to Length(s) do
begin
ch := s[Index];
if IsSafe(ch) then
StringStream.WriteString(Ch)
else
begin
Ordinal := Ord(Ch);
HexCh := IntToHex(Ordinal, 2);
StringStream.WriteString('%'+HexCh);
end;
end;
Result := StringStream.DataString;
finally
StringStream.Free;
end;
end;
end.
这应该让你去。
- 的Jeroen
答案 1 :(得分:0)
如果在TIdHTTP实例HTTPOptions属性中包含hoKeepOrigProtocol选项,则它不会回退到HTTP 1.0。
这是在您引用的评论文本下方的一些行中记录的:)
// If hoKeepOrigProtocol is SET, is possible to assume that the developer
// is sure in operations of the server
if not (hoKeepOrigProtocol in FOptions) then begin
FProtocolVersion := pv1_0;
end;
答案 2 :(得分:-1)
您需要更新VIEWSTATE和EVENTVALIDATION值。
运行该代码会导致500错误,但如果我打开该页面并使用网页源中的新__VIEWSTATE和__EVENTVALIDATION值,则不会再导致500错误。
我不知道为什么C#客户端会在Delphi没有的情况下工作,但也许它不再起作用了?
这看起来像ASP问题,而不是Delphi。 Indy(TIdHTTP)和Synapse都是Delphi的优秀套接字库。