使用getChildFragmentManager（）的示例代码：

Question

借助Android 4.2，支持库获得了对嵌套片段see here的支持。我玩过它并发现了一个关于后栈和getChildFragmentManager()的有趣行为/错误。当使用getChildFragmentManager（）和addToBackStack（String name）时，通过按下后退按钮，系统不会将后栈运行到前一个片段。另一方面，当使用getFragmentManager()和addToBackStack（String name）时，按下后退按钮，系统将返回上一个片段。

对我来说，这种行为是出乎意料的。通过按下设备上的后退按钮，即使片段被添加到子片段管理器中的后台堆栈，我也希望弹出最后添加到后栈的片段。

这种行为是否正确？这种行为是个错误吗？是否有解决此问题的方法？

使用getChildFragmentManager（）的示例代码：

public class FragmentceptionActivity extends FragmentActivity {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle arg0) {
    super.onCreate(arg0);

    final FrameLayout wrapper1 = new FrameLayout(this);
    wrapper1.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
    wrapper1.setId(1);

    final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
    params.topMargin = 0;

    final TextView text = new TextView(this);
    text.setLayoutParams(params);
    text.setText("fragment 1");
    wrapper1.addView(text);

    setContentView(wrapper1);

    getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
            .add(1, new Fragment1()).commit();
}

public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper2 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper2.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper2.setId(2);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 100;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 2");
        wrapper2.addView(text);

        return wrapper2;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(2, new Fragment2()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper3 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper3.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper3.setId(3);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 200;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 3");
        wrapper3.addView(text);

        return wrapper3;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getChildFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(3, new Fragment3()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment3 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper4 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper4.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper4.setId(4);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 300;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 4");
        wrapper4.addView(text);

        return wrapper4;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getChildFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(4, new Fragment4()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment4 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper5 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper5.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper5.setId(5);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 400;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 5");
        wrapper5.addView(text);

        return wrapper5;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
    }
}

}

使用getFragmentManager（）的示例代码：

public class FragmentceptionActivity extends FragmentActivity {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle arg0) {
    super.onCreate(arg0);

    final FrameLayout wrapper1 = new FrameLayout(this);
    wrapper1.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
    wrapper1.setId(1);

    final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
    params.topMargin = 0;

    final TextView text = new TextView(this);
    text.setLayoutParams(params);
    text.setText("fragment 1");
    wrapper1.addView(text);

    setContentView(wrapper1);

    getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
            .add(1, new Fragment1()).commit();
}

public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper2 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper2.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper2.setId(2);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 100;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 2");
        wrapper2.addView(text);

        return wrapper2;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(2, new Fragment2()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper3 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper3.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper3.setId(3);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 200;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 3");
        wrapper3.addView(text);

        return wrapper3;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(3, new Fragment3()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment3 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper4 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper4.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper4.setId(4);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 300;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 4");
        wrapper4.addView(text);

        return wrapper4;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(4, new Fragment4()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment4 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper5 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper5.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper5.setId(5);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 400;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 5");
        wrapper5.addView(text);

        return wrapper5;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
    }
}

}

Answer 1

好像是一个错误。看一眼： http://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=40323

对于我已成功使用的解决方法（如评论中所示）：

    @Override
public void onBackPressed() {

    // If the fragment exists and has some back-stack entry
    if (mActivityDirectFragment != null && mActivityDirectFragment.getChildFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount() > 0){
        // Get the fragment fragment manager - and pop the backstack
        mActivityDirectFragment.getChildFragmentManager().popBackStack();
    }
    // Else, nothing in the direct fragment back stack
    else{
        // Let super handle the back press
        super.onBackPressed();          
    }
}

Answer 2

这个解决方案可能是@Sean回答的更好版本：

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    // if there is a fragment and the back stack of this fragment is not empty,
    // then emulate 'onBackPressed' behaviour, because in default, it is not working
    FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
    for (Fragment frag : fm.getFragments()) {
        if (frag.isVisible()) {
            FragmentManager childFm = frag.getChildFragmentManager();
            if (childFm.getBackStackEntryCount() > 0) {
                childFm.popBackStack();
                return;
            }
        }
    }
    super.onBackPressed();
}

同样，我根据上面的@Sean回答准备了这个解决方案。

正如@ AZ13所说，这个解决方案只适用于一级子片段情况。在多级片段的情况下，工作变得有点复杂，所以我建议尝试这个解决方案只有我说过的可行案例。 =）

注意：由于getFragments方法现在是私有方法，因此此解决方案无效。您可以查看评论，以获得有关此情况的解决方案。

Answer 3

这个解决方案可能是@ismailarilik答案的更好版本：

嵌套片段版本

private boolean onBackPressed(FragmentManager fm) {
    if (fm != null) {
        if (fm.getBackStackEntryCount() > 0) {
            fm.popBackStack();
            return true;
        }

        List<Fragment> fragList = fm.getFragments();
        if (fragList != null && fragList.size() > 0) {
            for (Fragment frag : fragList) {
                if (frag == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                if (frag.isVisible()) {
                    if (onBackPressed(frag.getChildFragmentManager())) {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
    if (onBackPressed(fm)) {
        return;
    }
    super.onBackPressed();
}

Answer 4

通过这个答案，它将处理递归反向检查，并为每个片段提供覆盖默认行为的机会。这意味着你可以拥有一个托管ViewPager的片段做一些特别的事情，比如滚动到作为后台的页面，或滚动到主页然后在下一个后退出口。

将此添加到扩展AppCompatActivity的Activity。

@Override
public void onBackPressed()
{
    if(!BaseFragment.handleBackPressed(getSupportFragmentManager())){
        super.onBackPressed();
    }
}

将此添加到您的BaseFragment或您可以让所有片段继承的类。

public static boolean handleBackPressed(FragmentManager fm)
{
    if(fm.getFragments() != null){
        for(Fragment frag : fm.getFragments()){
            if(frag != null && frag.isVisible() && frag instanceof BaseFragment){
                if(((BaseFragment)frag).onBackPressed()){
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}

protected boolean onBackPressed()
{
    FragmentManager fm = getChildFragmentManager();
    if(handleBackPressed(fm)){
        return true;
    }
    else if(getUserVisibleHint() && fm.getBackStackEntryCount() > 0){
        fm.popBackStack();
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

Answer 5

该问题的真正答案是在片段事务的名为setPrimaryNavigationFragment的函数中。

/**
 * Set a currently active fragment in this FragmentManager as the primary navigation fragment.
 *
 * <p>The primary navigation fragment's
 * {@link Fragment#getChildFragmentManager() child FragmentManager} will be called first
 * to process delegated navigation actions such as {@link FragmentManager#popBackStack()}
 * if no ID or transaction name is provided to pop to. Navigation operations outside of the
 * fragment system may choose to delegate those actions to the primary navigation fragment
 * as returned by {@link FragmentManager#getPrimaryNavigationFragment()}.</p>
 *
 * <p>The fragment provided must currently be added to the FragmentManager to be set as
 * a primary navigation fragment, or previously added as part of this transaction.</p>
 *
 * @param fragment the fragment to set as the primary navigation fragment
 * @return the same FragmentTransaction instance
 */
public abstract FragmentTransaction setPrimaryNavigationFragment(Fragment fragment);

活动添加时，必须在初始父片段上设置此功能。我的活动中有一个replaceFragment函数，如下所示：

public void replaceFragment(int containerId, BaseFragment fragment, boolean addToBackstack) {
    FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
    fragmentTransaction.setPrimaryNavigationFragment(fragment);
    if (addToBackstack) {
        fragmentTransaction.addToBackStack(fragment.TAG);
    }

    fragmentTransaction.replace(containerId, fragment).commit();
}

这与您从常规片段B单击返回片段A的行为相同，只是现在它也位于子片段上！

Answer 6

如果到目前为止没有人找到答案，我已经正确实施了

只需在您的孩子嵌套片段上添加此方法

   @Override
public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    // This callback will only be called when MyFragment is at least Started.
    OnBackPressedCallback callback = new OnBackPressedCallback(true ) {
        @Override
        public void handleOnBackPressed() {
            // Handle the back button event
            FragmentManager fm= getFragmentManager();
            if (fm != null) {
                if (fm.getBackStackEntryCount() > 0) {
                    fm.popBackStack();
                    Log.e( "Frag","back" );

                }

                List<Fragment> fragList = fm.getFragments();
                if (fragList != null && fragList.size() > 0) {
                    for (Fragment frag : fragList) {
                        if (frag == null) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        if (frag.isVisible()) {
                          Log.e( "Frag","Visible" );
                        }
                    }
                }
            }


        }
    };
    requireActivity().getOnBackPressedDispatcher().addCallback(this, callback);
    super.onCreate( savedInstanceState );
}

Answer 7

原因是您的Activity派生自FragmentActivity，它处理BACK键按下（参见FragmentActivity的第173行。

在我们的应用程序中，我使用的是ViewPager（带有片段），每个片段都可以嵌套片段。我处理这个的方式是：

使用单个方法void onBackKeyPressed()
在ViewPager显示的“顶部”片段中实现此界面
覆盖onKeyDown并检测BACK按，并在视图寻呼机中的当前活动片段中调用onBackKeyPressed。

另请注意，我在片段中使用getChildFragmentManager()来正确嵌套片段。您可以在this android-developers post中查看讨论和解释。

Answer 8

如果您在片段中使用片段，请使用getChildFragmentManager()

getChildFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_name, fragment).addToBackStack(null).commit();

如果您正在使用子片段，请使用getParentFragmentManager()

替换它

getParentFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_name, fragment).addToBackStack(null).commit();

如果两者都不适合您，请尝试以下getActivity().getSupportFragmentManager()

getActivity().getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_name, fragment).addToBackStack(null).commit();

Answer 9

此代码将导航片段管理器树并返回添加的最后一个片段，该片段具有可以从堆栈中弹出的任何片段：

private FragmentManager getLastFragmentManagerWithBack(FragmentManager fm)
{
  FragmentManager fmLast = fm;

  List<Fragment> fragments = fm.getFragments();

  for (Fragment f : fragments)
  {
    if ((f.getChildFragmentManager() != null) && (f.getChildFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount() > 0))
    {
      fmLast = f.getFragmentManager();
      FragmentManager fmChild = getLastFragmentManagerWithBack(f.getChildFragmentManager());

      if (fmChild != fmLast)
        fmLast = fmChild;
    }
  }

  return fmLast;
}

调用方法：

@Override
public void onBackPressed()
{
  FragmentManager fm = getLastFragmentManagerWithBack(getSupportFragmentManager());

  if (fm.getBackStackEntryCount() > 0)
  {
    fm.popBackStack();
    return;
  }

  super.onBackPressed();
}

Answer 10

这个解决方案可能会更好，因为它会检查所有嵌套片段的级别：

 /**
 * This method will go check all the back stacks of the added fragments and their nested fragments
 * to the the {@code FragmentManager} passed as parameter.
 * If there is a fragment and the back stack of this fragment is not empty,
 * then emulate 'onBackPressed' behaviour, because in default, it is not working.
 *
 * @param fm the fragment manager to which we will try to dispatch the back pressed event.
 * @return {@code true} if the onBackPressed event was consumed by a child fragment, otherwise {@code false}.
 */
public static boolean dispatchOnBackPressedToFragments(FragmentManager fm) {

    List<Fragment> fragments = fm.getFragments();
    boolean result;
    if (fragments != null && !fragments.isEmpty()) {
        for (Fragment frag : fragments) {
            if (frag != null && frag.isAdded() && frag.getChildFragmentManager() != null) {
                // go to the next level of child fragments.
                result = dispatchOnBackPressedToFragments(frag.getChildFragmentManager());
                if (result) return true;
            }
        }
    }

    // if the back stack is not empty then we pop the last transaction.
    if (fm.getBackStackEntryCount() > 0) {
        fm.popBackStack();
        fm.executePendingTransactions();
        return true;
    }

    return false;
}

在您的活动onBackPressed中，您可以这样简单地称呼它：

FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
                // if there is a fragment and the back stack of this fragment is not empty,
                // then emulate 'onBackPressed' behaviour, because in default, it is not working
                if (!dispatchOnBackPressedToFragments(fm)) {
                    // if no child fragment consumed the onBackPressed event,
                    // we execute the default behaviour.
                    super.onBackPressed();
                }

Answer 11

感谢大家的帮助，这个（调整后的版本）对我有用：

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    if (!recursivePopBackStack(getSupportFragmentManager())) {
        super.onBackPressed();
    }
}

/**
 * Recursively look through nested fragments for a backstack entry to pop
 * @return: true if a pop was performed
 */
public static boolean recursivePopBackStack(FragmentManager fragmentManager) {
    if (fragmentManager.getFragments() != null) {
        for (Fragment fragment : fragmentManager.getFragments()) {
            if (fragment != null && fragment.isVisible()) {
                boolean popped = recursivePopBackStack(fragment.getChildFragmentManager());
                if (popped) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if (fragmentManager.getBackStackEntryCount() > 0) {
        fragmentManager.popBackStack();
        return true;
    }

    return false;
}

注意：您可能还希望将这些嵌套片段的背景颜色设置为应用主题的窗口背景颜色，因为默认情况下它们是透明的。有点超出了这个问题的范围，但它是通过解析属性android.R.attr.windowBackground，并将Fragment视图的背景设置为该资源ID来实现的。

Answer 12

超过5年，这个问题仍然具有现实意义。如果由于其限制而不想使用fragmentManager.getFragments（）。扩展并使用以下类：

<强> NestedFragmentActivity.java

abstract public class NestedFragmentActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private final Stack<Integer> mActiveFragmentIdStack = new Stack<>();
    private final Stack<String> mActiveFragmentTagStack = new Stack<>();

    @Override
    public void onBackPressed() {
        if (mActiveFragmentIdStack.size() > 0 && mActiveFragmentTagStack.size() > 0) {

            // Find by id
            int lastFragmentId = mActiveFragmentIdStack.lastElement();
            NestedFragment nestedFragment = (NestedFragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(lastFragmentId);

            // If cannot find by id, find by tag
            if (nestedFragment == null) {
                String lastFragmentTag = mActiveFragmentTagStack.lastElement();
                nestedFragment = (NestedFragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(lastFragmentTag);
            }

            if (nestedFragment != null) {
                nestedFragment.onBackPressed();
            }

            // If cannot find by tag, then simply pop
            mActiveFragmentTagStack.pop();
            mActiveFragmentIdStack.pop();

        } else {
            super.onBackPressed();
        }
    }

    public void addToBackStack(int fragmentId, String fragmentTag) {
        mActiveFragmentIdStack.add(fragmentId);
        mActiveFragmentTagStack.add(fragmentTag);
    }
}

<强> NestedFragment.java

abstract public class NestedFragment extends Fragment {

    private final Stack<Integer> mActiveFragmentIdStack = new Stack<>();
    private final Stack<String> mActiveFragmentTagStack = new Stack<>();

    private NestedFragmentActivity mParentActivity;
    private NestedFragment mParentFragment;

    @Override
    public void onAttach(Context context) {
        super.onAttach(context);

        if (getParentFragment() == null) {
            try {
                mParentActivity = (NestedFragmentActivity) context;
            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
                throw new ClassCastException(context.toString()
                        + " must implement " + NestedFragmentActivity.class.getName());
            }
        } else {
            try {
                mParentFragment = (NestedFragment) getParentFragment();
            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
                throw new ClassCastException(getParentFragment().getClass().toString()
                        + " must implement " + NestedFragment.class.getName());
            }
        }
    }

    public void onBackPressed() {

        if (mActiveFragmentIdStack.size() > 0 && mActiveFragmentTagStack.size() > 0) {

            // Find by id
            int lastFragmentId = mActiveFragmentIdStack.lastElement();
            NestedFragment nestedFragment = (NestedFragment) getChildFragmentManager().findFragmentById(lastFragmentId);

            // If cannot find by id, find by tag
            if (nestedFragment == null) {
                String lastFragmentTag = mActiveFragmentTagStack.lastElement();
                nestedFragment = (NestedFragment) getChildFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(lastFragmentTag);
            }

            if (nestedFragment != null) {
                nestedFragment.onBackPressed();
            }

            // If cannot find by tag, then simply pop
            mActiveFragmentIdStack.pop();
            mActiveFragmentTagStack.pop();

        } else {
            getChildFragmentManager().popBackStack();
        }
    }

    private void addToBackStack(int fragmentId, String fragmentTag) {
        mActiveFragmentIdStack.add(fragmentId);
        mActiveFragmentTagStack.add(fragmentTag);
    }

    public void addToParentBackStack() {
        if (mParentFragment != null) {
            mParentFragment.addToBackStack(getId(), getTag());
        } else if (mParentActivity != null) {
            mParentActivity.addToBackStack(getId(), getTag());
        }
    }
}

<强>解释

从上述类扩展的每个活动和片段为他们的每个孩子和孩子的孩子管理他们自己的后台堆栈，依此类推。 backstack只是“活动片段”标签/ ID的记录。因此，需要注意的是始终为您的片段提供标记和/或ID。

在childFragmentManager中添加到backstack时，您还需要调用“addToParentBackStack（）”。这样可以确保将片段的标记/ id添加到父片段/活动中以供以后使用。

示例：

    getChildFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(
            R.id.fragment,
            fragment,
            fragment.getTag()
    ).addToBackStack(null).commit();
    addToParentBackStack();

Answer 13

我能够通过在onCreate View（）方法中向父片段添加此方法并传递根视图来处理片段后向堆栈。

private void catchBackEvent(View v){
    v.setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
    v.requestFocus();
    v.setOnKeyListener( new OnKeyListener()
    {
        @Override
        public boolean onKey( View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event )
        {
            if( keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK )
            {
                if(isEnableFragmentBackStack()){
                    getChildFragmentManager().popBackStack();
                                    setEnableFragmentBackStack(false);
                    return true;
                }
                else
                    return false;   
            }
            return false;
        }
    } );
}

方法isEnableFragmentBackStack（）是一个布尔标志，用于知道我何时在主片段或下一个片段上。

确保在提交需要堆栈的片段时，必须添加addToBackstack方法。

Answer 14

我通过在活动属性中保留当前打开的片段来解决了这个问题。然后我覆盖方法

 // INSIDE ACTIVITY
 override fun onBackPressed() {
    val fragment = currentFragment

    if(fragment != null && fragment.childFragmentManager.fragments.any()){
        fragment.childFragmentManager.popBackStack()
    }
    else {
        super.onBackPressed()
    }
}

这是我将子片段从自身内部添加到当前打开的片段中的方式。

 // INSIDE FRAGMENT
 menu_fragment_view.setBackgroundColor(-((Math.random() * 10000 ).toInt() % 30000)) // to see change
 add_fragment_button.setOnClickListener {
        val transaction = childFragmentManager.beginTransaction()

        transaction.add(R.id.menu_fragment_fragment_holder, MenuFragment())

        transaction.addToBackStack(null)

        transaction.commit()
    }

这是父片段和添加的片段的xml布局

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     android:layout_height="match_parent"
     android:id="@+id/menu_fragment_view">
     <Button
         app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
         app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:id="@+id/add_fragment_button"
         android:text="Just add fragment"/>
     <FrameLayout
         android:id="@+id/menu_fragment_fragment_holder"
         android:layout_width="match_parent"
         android:layout_height="match_parent"
         app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
         app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"/> 
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

Answer 15

观察了此处介绍的一些解决方案后，我发现为了允许灵活和控制父片段在弹出堆栈时或应忽略后退动作时，我宁愿使用这样的实现：

定义“ ParentFragment”接口：

interface ParentFragment {
/**
 * Fragments that host child fragments and want to control their BackStack behaviour when the back button is pressed should implement this
 *
 * @return true if back press was handled, false otherwise
 */
fun onBackPressed(): Boolean

}

在父活动（或BaseActivity）中覆盖“ onBackPressed”：

override fun onBackPressed() {
    val fm: FragmentManager = supportFragmentManager
    for (frag in fm.fragments) {
        if (frag.isVisible && frag is ParentFragment && frag.onBackPressed()) {
            return
        }
    }
    super.onBackPressed()
}

然后允许父片段按其意愿进行处理，例如：

override fun onBackPressed(): Boolean {
    val childFragment = childFragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(SomeChildFragment::class.java.simpleName)
    if (childFragment != null && childFragment.isVisible) {
        // Only for that case, pop the BackStack (perhaps when other child fragments are visible don't)
        childFragmentManager.popBackStack()
        return true
    }
    return false
}

这样可以避免认为例如在使用视图分页器时有一些合法的子片段要删除（并且返回堆栈条目计数> 0）。

Answer 16

对于ChildFragments，这是有效的..

@Override
    public void onBackPressed() {

 if (getSupportFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount() > 0) {
            getSupportFragmentManager().popBackStack();
        } else {
            doExit(); //super.onBackPressed();
        }
}

Answer 17

如果你有DialogFragment又有嵌套片段，那么'解决方法'就有点不同了。您需要使用onKeyListener执行此操作，而不是将rootView设置为Dialog。此外，您将设置DialogInterface.OnKeyListener而不是View。当然，请记住addToBackStack！

顺便说一句，在Backstack上有一个用于将回调委托给活动的片段是我的个人用例。典型情况可能是计数为0。

这是你在onCreateDialog

中要做的事情

    @Override
    public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        Dialog dialog =  super.onCreateDialog(savedInstanceState);
        dialog.setOnKeyListener(new DialogInterface.OnKeyListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onKey(DialogInterface dialog, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
                if(keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK){
                    FragmentManager cfm = getChildFragmentManager();
                    if(cfm.getBackStackEntryCount()>1){
                        cfm.popBackStack();
                        return true;
                    }   
                }   
                return false;
            }
        });
        return dialog;
    }

Android 4.2：嵌套片段的后台堆栈行为

使用getChildFragmentManager（）的示例代码：

使用getFragmentManager（）的示例代码：

17 个答案: