Question

我有以下问题。我正在从数据库中读取字段。这些字段并非都是强制性的。因此，并非所有这些都被填写。我遇到的问题是批处理（ms dos）和令牌功能。

让我举个例子：
有问题的字段如下:(示例）

First Name: John
Last Name: Smith
Address: 123 Fake Street
Postal Code: 45612
Company: SomeCo
Department: Accounting
Floor: 4
Phone: 123-555-5555
Mobile: 123-555-5556

当我运行此代码时：

FOR /F "tokens=1-9, delims=," %%a in (info_file.txt) DO echo %%a, %%b, %%c, %%d, %%e, %%f, %%g, %%h, %%i

输出如下：

%%a= John
%%b= Smith
%%c= 123 Fake Street
%%d= 45612
%%e= SomeCo
%%f= Accounting
%%g= 4
%%h= 123-555-5555
%%i= 123-555-5556

一切都很棒。我得到了正确显示的所有回声。但！如果缺少任何这些字段，例如：

First Name: John
Last Name: Smith
Address: 123 Fake Street
Postal Code: <missing info; consider this line blank>
Company: SomeCo
Department:  <missing info; consider this line blank>
Floor:  4
Phone: 123-555-5555
Mobile: 123-555-5556

我的输出如下：

%%a= John
%%b= Smith
%%c= 123 Fake Street
%%d= SomeCo
%%e= 4
%%f= 123-555-5555
%%g= 123-555-5556
%%h= <not used; Because there is not enough lines available>
%%i= <not used; Because there is not enough lines available>

你可以看到这会导致挫败感我的问题是：即使该空格中的信息是空白的，我怎样才能确保所有%%<variables>始终对齐？

Answer 1

第一个问题是您的示例文本不适合您的代码您的代码用逗号分隔字符串，但您的示例仅使用换行符。

我假设你有一张CSV。

然后你只需要用＃替换每个，因为那时没有字段是空的，后来删除了第一个字符。

Set line=#!line:,=,#!

Answer 2

另一种语言，如带有CSV库的python可能是最好的。

如果你真的想要批处理，可以暂时在每个部分附加另一个字符。例如在每个部分的末尾附加和删除下划线。

@echo off

setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion

for /f "tokens=*" %%z in (test.csv) do (
    set line=%%z
    rem append underscores
    set line=!line:,=_,!_
    for /f "tokens=1-9 delims=," %%a in ("!line!") do (
        call :remove_underscore arg1 "%%a"
        call :remove_underscore arg2 "%%b"
        call :remove_underscore arg3 "%%c"
        call :remove_underscore arg4 "%%d"
        echo arg1: '!arg1!'
        echo arg2: '!arg2!'
        echo arg3: '!arg3!'
        echo arg4: '!arg4!'
    )
    echo new line
    echo.
)
exit /b 0

:remove_underscore rval input_string
    set input_string=%~2
    set %1=%input_string:~0,-1%
    exit /b 0

Answer 3

下面的批处理文件采用了jeb和William所述的想法，并将它们收集在一个真正有效的整个程序中。此程序不受文件中字段数量的限制，也不受使用"tokens=1-..." FOR选项时所需的缺少字段的位置的限制。相反，它使用描述文件字段的变量名称列表，以便程序在变量中加载值（不在FOR标记中）。这样，只需更改变量列表就可以很容易地更改字段数，特定字段的位置或文件中的任何其他修改。

@echo off setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion rem Define names for variables (with NO spaces) in a comma-separated list set fields=FirstName,LastName,Address,PostalCode,Company,Departament,Floor,Phone,Mobile rem Previous list may also be read from the first line (header) of a DataBase file rem Separate the list in an array of variable names set i=0 for %%a in (%fields%) do ( set /A i+=1 set name[!i!]=%%a ) set numFields=%i% rem Process the file for /F "delims=" %%a in (info_file.txt) do ( set line=%%a rem Replace spaces by Ascii-128 (to avoid split values that may have spaces) set line=!line: =Ç! rem Insert any char. at beginning of each field, and separate fields with spaces set i=0 for %%b in (X!line:^,^= X!) do ( set field=%%b rem Recover spaces in this field, if any set field=!field:Ç= ! rem And assign this field to corresponding variable (removing first character) set /A i+=1 for %%i in (!i!) do set !name[%%i]!=!field:~1! ) rem At this point all variables have the values of current record. rem They may be accessed explicitly: echo/ echo Record of !FirstName! !LastName! rem ... or implicilty via the NAME array: for /L %%i in (3,1,%numFields%) do ( for %%b in (!name[%%i]!) do echo %%b: !%%b! ) )

info_file.txt：

John,Smith,123 Fake Street,45612,SomeCo,Accounting,4,123-555-5555,123-555-5556 Jane,Doe,123 Fake Street,,SomeCo,,4,123-555-5555,123-555-5556

输出：

Record of John Smith Address: 123 Fake Street PostalCode: 45612 Company: SomeCo Departament: Accounting Floor: 4 Phone: 123-555-5555 Mobile: 123-555-5556 Record of Jane Doe Address: 123 Fake Street PostalCode: Company: SomeCo Departament: Floor: 4 Phone: 123-555-5555 Mobile: 123-555-5556

安东尼奥

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3 个答案: