我正在编写一个程序来生成一串随机大写字母,然后用户输入大写字母,以及用户输入的字符。对于随机字符串中用户输入字母的任何实例,它将该字母替换为用户输入的字符。
例如,s1 = {BDHFKYL} s2 = {YEIGH} c ='*'
输出= BD * FK * L
程序运行正常,直到我添加了该功能,要求用户输入他们想要替换字母的字符。
输出结果为:
Please enter at least 2 capital letters and a maximum of 20.
HDJSHDSHDDS
HDJSHDSHDDS
Enter a character to replace occuring letters.
*
NWLRBBMQB
Would you like to enter another string?
以下是代码:
void fillS1(char x[]);
void fillS2(char x[], char y[], char z);
void strFilter(char a[], char b[], char c);
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
char s1[42];
char s2[22];
char x = 0;
fillS2(s2, s1, x);
return 0;
}
void fillS1(char x[])
{
for (int i = 0; i < 40; i++)
x[i] = 'A' + random() % 26;
x[40] = (char)0;
}
void fillS2(char x[], char y[], char z){
char loopContinue = 0;
do {
int i = 0;
int capitalLetterCheck = 0;
printf("Please enter at least 2 capital letters and a maximum of 20.\n");
while (( x[i] = getchar()) != '\n' ) {
i++;
}
x[i] = '\0';
if (i < 3) {
printf("You need at least two letters\n");
}
else if (i > 21){
printf("You cannot have more than twenty letters\n");
}
for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
if ((x[i] >= 'a') && (x[i] <= 'z')) {
printf("You many only have capital letters.\n");
capitalLetterCheck = 2;
}
}
if (capitalLetterCheck != 2) {
for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
if ((x[i] >= 'A') && (x[i] <= 'Z')) {
puts(x);
fillS1(y);
printf("Enter a character to replace occuring letters.\n");
while ((z = getchar() != '\n')) {
}
strFilter(y, x, z);
break;
}
}
}
printf("Would you like to enter another string?\n");
gets(&loopContinue);
} while (loopContinue != 'n');
}
void strFilter(char a[], char b[], char c){
int i = 0;
int n = 0;
while (n < 20) {
for (i = 0; i < 40; i++) {
if (a[i] == b[n]){
a[i] = c;
}
}
i = 0;
n++;
}
puts(a);
}
谢谢。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
首先请尝试让您的代码更容易阅读,我不是在讨论缩进,而是讨论它的流程。
此外,您的示例输出似乎工作正常,因为此处的任何字符串都没有任何更改...?
编码时应注意以下几点:
编写一些伪代码然后将其转换为C:
非常容易WHILE someCondition
Generate a random string
Get a string from the user
Get a character from the user
Find and replace
END
以下是一个如何组织代码的示例(不要使用它 - 没有释放,没有获得用户的输入等):
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
char* generateString(void)
{
return "AEIOUYAEIOUY"; // In your implementation, this is where you'd generate the random string
}
char* getStringInput(void)
{
return "HELLO"; // In your implementation, this is where you'd get the user's string
}
char getCharInput(void)
{
return '*'; // In your implementation, this is where you'd get the user's character
}
char* findAndReplace(char* randomString, char* userString, char userChar)
{
int l1;
int l2;
int i;
int j;
char* output;
l1 = strlen(randomString);
l2 = strlen(userString);
output = (char*)malloc(sizeof(*output) * l1);
strcpy(output, randomString);
for (i = 0; i < l1; ++i)
{
for (j = 0; j < l2; ++j)
if (randomString[i] == userString[j])
output[i] = userChar;
}
return (output);
}
int main(int ac, char** av)
{
char* randomString;
char* userString;
char userChar;
char* outputString;
randomString = generateString();
userString = getStringInput();
userChar = getCharInput();
outputString = findAndReplace(randomString, userString, userChar);
printf("Result: %s\n", outputString);
// don't forget to free any allocated buffer
return (1);
}
你做了多少调试?尝试在代码中放置一些printfs,看看会发生什么 - 调用函数,变量的值是什么等等。 示例:
void fillS1(char x[])
{
printf("-- entering fillS1, buffer value: %s\n", x);
for (int i = 0; i < 40; i++)
x[i] = 'A' + random() % 26;
x[40] = (char)0;
printf("-- leaving fillS1, buffer value: %s\n", x);
}
(在使用printf之前,请注意缓冲区中的内容)
这应该很快告诉你出了什么问题。
例如,尝试在调用时检查strFilter中“c”的值,然后再看看如何获得用户的输入。