我有一个文件:
pablo tty8 Thu Nov 1 12:51:21 2012 still logged in
(unknown tty8 Thu Nov 1 12:50:57 2012 - Thu Nov 1 12:51:21 2012 (00:00)
pablo tty2 Thu Nov 1 12:50:39 2012 still logged in
pablo tty7 Thu Nov 1 12:49:45 2012 - Thu Nov 1 12:50:56 2012 (00:01)
(unknown tty7 Thu Nov 1 12:34:32 2012 - Thu Nov 1 12:49:45 2012 (00:15)
我想在上面的日期替换文件一秒钟。我想打印:
pablo tty8 1351770681 still logged in
(unknown tty8 1351770657 - 1351770681 (00:00)
pablo tty2 1351770639 still logged in
pablo tty7 1351770585 - 1351770656 (00:01)
(unknown tty7 1351769672 - 1351770585 (00:15)
我试过这个命令:
gawk --posix 'function my()
{"date -d \047"$0"\047 +%s" | getline b;
gsub( /[A-Za-z]{3} [A-Za-z]{3} [0-9] ([0-9]{2}:){2}[0-9]{2} [0-9]{4}/,b ); print}
{ my() }' file
以上命令不起作用:
$ gawk --posix 'function my()
> {"date -d \047"$0"\047 +%s" | getline b;
> gsub( /[A-Za-z]{3} [A-Za-z]{3} [0-9] ([0-9]{2}:){2}[0-9]{2} [0-9]{4}/,b ); print}
> { my() }' ta
date: błędna data: `pablo tty8 Thu Nov 1 12:51:21 2012 still logged in '
pablo tty8 still logged in
(unknown tty8 1351897200 - 1351897200 (00:00)
date: błędna data: `pablo tty2 Thu Nov 1 12:50:39 2012 still logged in '
pablo tty2 1351897200 still logged in
date: błędna data: `pablo tty7 Thu Nov 1 12:49:45 2012 - Thu Nov 1 12:50:56 2012 (00:01) '
pablo tty7 1351897200 - 1351897200 (00:01)
(unknown tty7 1351897200 - 1351897200 (00:15)
如何改进上述命令?
感谢您的帮助。
答案 0 :(得分:5)
如果您安装了vim
,请尝试以下命令:
:%s/\v\w+\s\w+\s\d+\s\d+:\d+:\d+\s\d+/\=system('date +%s -d"'.submatch(0).'" | tr -d "\n"')/g
这个想法非常简单。 vim
可以非常快。
答案 1 :(得分:2)
这是使用GNU awk
的一种方式。像:
awk -f script.awk file.txt
script.awk
的内容:
{
line = ($0 ~ /still logged in/) ? "still logged in" : "-" OFS getstamp(10) OFS $NF
print $1, $2, getstamp(4), line
}
function getstamp(i) {
split($(i + 2), T, ":")
Y = $(i + 3)
M = convert($i)
D = $(i + 1)
hrs = T[1] + 9
min = T[2]
sec = T[3]
return(mktime(sprintf("%d %d %d %d %d %d", Y, M, D, hrs, min, sec)))
}
function convert(month) {
return(((index("JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec", month) - 1) / 3) + 1)
}
结果:
pablo tty8 1351770681 still logged in
(unknown tty8 1351770657 - 1351770681 (00:00)
pablo tty2 1351770639 still logged in
pablo tty7 1351770585 - 1351770656 (00:01)
(unknown tty7 1351769672 - 1351770585 (00:15)
答案 2 :(得分:1)
以下是使用date
awk
的解决方案(仅限gawk
)
awk --posix '
{
while(match($0,/([[:alpha:]]{3} ){2}[^[:alpha:]]+[0-9]{4}/)){
date_str=substr($0, RSTART, RLENGTH)
"date -d \""date_str"\" +%s" | getline date_sec
sub(date_str,date_sec,$0)
}
print
}
' $1
输出:
pablo tty8 1351745481 still logged in
(unknown tty8 1351745457 - 1351745457 (00:00)
pablo tty2 1351745439 still logged in
pablo tty7 1351745385 - 1351745456 (00:01)
(unknown tty7 1351744472 - 1351744472 (00:15)
注意:
match
- substr
组合用于提取包含日期的子字符串。date
将日期子字符串转换为秒格式(+%s
)并将秒数指定为date_sec
match
如果找不到匹配,则返回0,终止while
循环)gawk
--re-interval
或--posix
选项