非逻辑代码流/无效向量操作

时间:2012-10-28 20:01:12

标签: c++ vector

我在为练习编写代码时遇到了这个奇怪的问题。

首先,当我选择第一个选项时,输入错误的条目。它应该转到我的代码的else分支,但它被卡在那里。我真的不知道为什么。当我输入一个中间有空格的“游戏标题”时,也会发生这种情况。

其次我在删除分支注释掉了这一行:

iter = gameTitles.erase(iter);

......根本不起作用。我要做的是通过键入来删除一个条目,然后将其与一个条目进行比较,以便它知道要删除的内容。这就是为什么我也在使用迭代器。

// Exercise 1
/*
Write a program using vectors and iterators that allows a user to maintain a list of
his or her favorite games. The program should allow the user to list all game titles,
add a game title, and remove a game title.
*/

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main(){
    bool    bLoop   = true;
    int     nChoice;
    char    cChoice;
    string  sInput;

    vector<string>::const_iterator iter;
    vector<string> gameTitles;

    while(bLoop){
        // -Head
        cout << "///////////////////////////////////\n// My Favorite Games\n\n";
        cout << "1. Add title\n2. Delete title\n3. Clear list\n\n";

        // -List
        if(!gameTitles.empty()){
            for(iter = gameTitles.begin(); iter!=gameTitles.end(); ++iter){
                cout << "-" << *iter << endl;
            }
        }

        cout << "\n:: ";
        cin  >> nChoice;

        // 1. Add
        if(nChoice == 1){
            cout << "\nGame Title: ";
            cin >> sInput;
            gameTitles.push_back(sInput);
        }

        // 2. Delete
        else if(nChoice == 2) {
            cout << "Delete Title: ";
            cin >> sInput;

            for(iter = gameTitles.begin(); iter!=gameTitles.end(); ++iter){
                if(*iter == sInput){
                    cout << "erased";
                    //iter = gameTitles.erase(iter);
                }
            }
        }

        // 3. Clear
        else if(nChoice == 3){
            cout << "Are you sure? (y/n) ";
            cin >> cChoice;
            if(cChoice == 'y'){
                gameTitles.clear();
            }
        } else {
            cout << "\nInvalid Choice, Please try again.\n";
        }

        // -Clean
        system("PAUSE");
        system("cls");
    }
}

编辑:解决了第一期。使用普通迭代器而不是常量迭代器

EDIT2:解决了第二个问题,这是我的更正代码:

// Exercise 1
/*
Write a program using vectors and iterators that allows a user to maintain a list of
his or her favorite games. The program should allow the user to list all game titles,
add a game title, and remove a game title.
*/

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main(){
    bool    bLoop   = true;
    int     nChoice;
    char    cChoice;
    string  sInput;

    vector<string>::iterator iter;
    vector<string> gameTitles;

    while(bLoop){
        // -Head
        cout << "///////////////////////////////////\n// My Favorite Games\n\n";
        cout << "1. Add title\n2. Delete title\n3. Clear list\n\n";

        // -List
        if(!gameTitles.empty()){
            for(iter = gameTitles.begin(); iter!=gameTitles.end(); ++iter){
                cout << "-" << *iter << endl;
            }
        }

        cout << "\n:: ";
        cin >> nChoice;

        if(cin.fail()){
            cin.clear();
            cin.ignore();
        }

        // 1. Add
        if(nChoice == 1){
            cout << "\nGame Title: ";
            cin >> sInput;
            gameTitles.push_back(sInput);
        }

        // 2. Delete
        else if(nChoice == 2) {
            cout << "Delete Title: ";
            cin >> sInput;

            for(iter = gameTitles.begin(); iter!=gameTitles.end(); ){
                if(*iter == sInput){
                    cout << "erased";
                    iter = gameTitles.erase(iter);
                } else {
                    ++iter;
                }
            }
        }

        // 3. Clear
        else if(nChoice == 3){
            cout << "Are you sure? (y/n) ";
            cin >> cChoice;
            if(cChoice == 'y'){
                gameTitles.clear();
            }
        } else {
            cout << "\nInvalid Choice, Please try again.\n";
        }

        // -Clean
        system("PAUSE");
        system("cls");
    }
}

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

实际上有两个问题:

  1. 如果输入有问题的东西,为什么输入会被卡住?您需要使用if (std::cin >> nChoice) { /* actual processing */ }之类的内容验证输入是否成功。请注意,输入失败时nChoice的值不会更改。如果输入失败,则需要进行一些错误恢复:流已进入失败状态(即,在错误标志中设置了std::ios_base::failbit)并且在得到{{之前不会拒绝进行任何进一步的输入1}}编这仍然会在输入中留下令人不快的字符,您可能想要clear()
  2. 为什么使用ignore()的循环行为不正常?当您实际执行erase()一个值时,您不希望在循环结束时再次递增迭代器。如果这样做,它可能会很好地将迭代器移到最后,从而导致未定义的行为。也就是说,循环看起来应该是这样的:

    erase()

    当然,相同逻辑的简短版本是:

    for(iter = gameTitles.begin(); iter!=gameTitles.end(); ) {
        if (*iter == sInput) {
             cout << "erased";
             iter = gameTitles.erase(iter);
        }
        else {
            ++iter;
        }
    }
    

答案 1 :(得分:0)

我认为你弄错了,从容器的iterator方法返回的erase永远不会指向从该容器中删除的值,假设这样:

std::vector<std::string> v;
// push some items to v
v.push_back( "1" );
v.push_back( "2" );
v.push_back( "3" );
auto i = v.erase( v.end() - 1 );
// Now i point to end of v and you can't derefrence it

相反,它指向您之前包含您的值的vector中的位置:

auto i = v.erase( v.begin() );
assert( *i == "2" );