我花了一些时间在stackoverflow和网络上寻找一个很好描述的问题答案。
我有一个安装自己并读取.ini文件的软件。此.ini具有可变大小和可变行号。每一行的风格如下：
setting1=contents
setting2=more,contents
setting3=different type of contents
setting4=youget/theidea
我需要在这个文本文件中搜索一些特定的行，让我们说它是以下内容：
Username=Tommy
Servername=HAL2000
然后在等号后面替换值（即将Tommy改为Timmy）。我的问题是，我发现并尝试合并的所有脚本都将上面的值看作变量（即用户名变为值为“Tommy”的变量）或者当我用timmy替换Tommy时，.ini文件最终用Username = Tommy替换文件中的每一行。
我已经删除了这两个脚本并继续前进，但我想的越多，我就越想回去做这个脚本。
只有规则才能在Windows命令行中使用XP本机命令。没有第三方程序，没有python，没有perl，只有Windows命令行可以用完.bat文件。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
a_horse_with_no_name解决方案非常适合您的要求。通过消除CALL，可以减少笨拙和高效。 MOVE命令用于使用新数据覆盖原始文件。
@echo off
>"test.ini.new" (
for /f "usebackq tokens=1* delims==" %%A in ("test.ini") do (
if %%A==Username (
echo %%A=Timmy
) else if %%A==Servername (
echo %%A=HAL2001
) else echo %%A=%%B
)
)
move /y "test.ini.new" "test.new"
以上假设文件中的每一行都符合您声明的格式。但通常.INI文件的注释行也不符合应保留的格式。可以扩展FOR循环解决方案以支持它，但它变得更复杂，更慢。
您从未明确声明行的顺序很重要 - 通常.INI文件中的行顺序并不重要。这是一个非常简单的解决方案，它使用FINDSTR去除现有的Username和Servername行，然后将新值附加到最后。无论格式如何，都将保留所有未更改的行。更改的行总是出现在最后。
@echo off
>"test.ini.new" (
findstr /v "^Username= ^Servername=" "test.ini"
echo Username=Timmy
echo Servername=HAL2001
)
move /y "test.ini.new" "test.new"
Batch实际上是一个处理文本文件的糟糕平台。它通常很慢而且过于复杂。看起来您的文件很小，而且您的要求相对简单。但是许多看似简单的请求都是纯粹的野兽。
JScript在处理文本方面要好得多，而且它本身适用于XP及以上版本。它具有完整的正则表达式支持。我编写了一个混合批处理/ JScript实用程序脚本，可用于对文本文件的内容执行搜索和替换操作。它非常快速，功能强大且易于使用。您的问题的解决方案实现为：
@echo off
type "test.ini" | repl "^Username=.*$" "Username=Timmy" | repl "^Servername=.*$" "Servername=HAL2001" >"test.ini.new"
move /y "test.ini.new" "test.new"
或更简洁地说：
@echo off
type "test.ini" | repl "^(Username=).*$" "$1Timmy" | repl "^(Servername=).*$" "$1=HAL2001" >"test.ini.new"
move /y "test.ini.new" "test.new"
以下是REPL.BAT实用程序脚本。完整文档嵌入在脚本中。也可以通过键入REPL /?从命令提示符访问文档。该脚本应该位于当前目录中，或者位于PATH中的某个位置。
@if (@X)==(@Y) @end /* Harmless hybrid line that begins a JScript comment
::************ Documentation ***********
:::
:::REPL Search Replace [Options [SourceVar]]
:::REPL /?
:::
::: Performs a global search and replace operation on each line of input from
::: stdin and prints the result to stdout.
:::
::: Each parameter may be optionally enclosed by double quotes. The double
::: quotes are not considered part of the argument. The quotes are required
::: if the parameter contains a batch token delimiter like space, tab, comma,
::: semicolon. The quotes should also be used if the argument contains a
::: batch special character like &, |, etc. so that the special character
::: does not need to be escaped with ^.
:::
::: If called with a single argument of /? then prints help documentation
::: to stdout.
:::
::: Search - By default this is a case sensitive JScript (ECMA) regular
::: expression expressed as a string.
:::
::: JScript syntax documentation is available at
::: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ae5bf541(v=vs.80).aspx
:::
::: Replace - By default this is the string to be used as a replacement for
::: each found search expression. Full support is provided for
::: substituion patterns available to the JScript replace method.
::: A $ literal can be escaped as $$. An empty replacement string
::: must be represented as "".
:::
::: Replace substitution pattern syntax is documented at
::: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-US/library/efy6s3e6(v=vs.80).aspx
:::
::: Options - An optional string of characters used to alter the behavior
::: of REPL. The option characters are case insensitive, and may
::: appear in any order.
:::
::: I - Makes the search case-insensitive.
:::
::: L - The Search is treated as a string literal instead of a
::: regular expression. Also, all $ found in Replace are
::: treated as $ literals.
:::
::: E - Search and Replace represent the name of environment
::: variables that contain the respective values. An undefined
::: variable is treated as an empty string.
:::
::: M - Multi-line mode. The entire contents of stdin is read and
::: processed in one pass instead of line by line. ^ anchors
::: the beginning of a line and $ anchors the end of a line.
:::
::: X - Enables extended substitution pattern syntax with support
::: for the following escape sequences:
:::
::: \\ - Backslash
::: \b - Backspace
::: \f - Formfeed
::: \n - Newline
::: \r - Carriage Return
::: \t - Horizontal Tab
::: \v - Vertical Tab
::: \xnn - Ascii (Latin 1) character expressed as 2 hex digits
::: \unnnn - Unicode character expressed as 4 hex digits
:::
::: Escape sequences are supported even when the L option is used.
:::
::: S - The source is read from an environment variable instead of
::: from stdin. The name of the source environment variable is
::: specified in the next argument after the option string.
:::
::************ Batch portion ***********
@echo off
if .%2 equ . (
if "%~1" equ "/?" (
findstr "^:::" "%~f0" | cscript //E:JScript //nologo "%~f0" "^:::" ""
exit /b 0
) else (
call :err "Insufficient arguments"
exit /b 1
)
)
echo(%~3|findstr /i "[^SMILEX]" >nul && (
call :err "Invalid option(s)"
exit /b 1
)
cscript //E:JScript //nologo "%~f0" %*
exit /b 0
:err
>&2 echo ERROR: %~1. Use REPL /? to get help.
exit /b
************* JScript portion **********/
var env=WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell").Environment("Process");
var args=WScript.Arguments;
var search=args.Item(0);
var replace=args.Item(1);
var options="g";
if (args.length>2) {
options+=args.Item(2).toLowerCase();
}
var multi=(options.indexOf("m")>=0);
var srcVar=(options.indexOf("s")>=0);
if (srcVar) {
options=options.replace(/s/g,"");
}
if (options.indexOf("e")>=0) {
options=options.replace(/e/g,"");
search=env(search);
replace=env(replace);
}
if (options.indexOf("l")>=0) {
options=options.replace(/l/g,"");
search=search.replace(/([.^$*+?()[{\\|])/g,"\\$1");
replace=replace.replace(/\$/g,"$$$$");
}
if (options.indexOf("x")>=0) {
options=options.replace(/x/g,"");
replace=replace.replace(/\\\\/g,"\\B");
replace=replace.replace(/\\b/g,"\b");
replace=replace.replace(/\\f/g,"\f");
replace=replace.replace(/\\n/g,"\n");
replace=replace.replace(/\\r/g,"\r");
replace=replace.replace(/\\t/g,"\t");
replace=replace.replace(/\\v/g,"\v");
replace=replace.replace(/\\x[0-9a-fA-F]{2}|\\u[0-9a-fA-F]{4}/g,
function($0,$1,$2){
return String.fromCharCode(parseInt("0x"+$0.substring(2)));
}
);
replace=replace.replace(/\\B/g,"\\");
}
var search=new RegExp(search,options);
if (srcVar) {
WScript.Stdout.Write(env(args.Item(3)).replace(search,replace));
} else {
while (!WScript.StdIn.AtEndOfStream) {
if (multi) {
WScript.Stdout.Write(WScript.StdIn.ReadAll().replace(search,replace));
} else {
WScript.Stdout.WriteLine(WScript.StdIn.ReadLine().replace(search,replace));
}
}
}
答案 1 :(得分：0)
这将是笨拙的，但如果要更换的键数量有限，以下可能就足够了：
@echo off
set infile=foo.ini
set outfile=newfile.ini
rem create an empty output file
echo. > %outfile%
rem iterate over all properties
for /f " usebackq eol=# tokens=1,2 delims== " %%i in ("%infile%") do (
call :replace %%i %%j
)
rem terminate batch file
goto :eof
rem sub-program to do the replacing
:replace
if "%1"=="Username" (
echo Username=Timmy>>%outfile%
goto :eof
)
if "%1"=="Servername" (
echo Servername=HAL2001>>%outfile%
goto :eof
)
echo %1=%2>>%outfile%
rem terminate sub-program
goto :eof