我有一个n长度数字的向量,看起来像这样(在这种情况下,n = 3):
[1] "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111"
[13] "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111"
[25] "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "111" "1 1" "111" " 1" "111" "112"
[37] "121" "111" "111" "111" "11 " "111" " " "111" "111" "221" "111" "111"
[49] " " "111" "111"
我想将其转换为如下所示的矩阵(或数据帧):
V1 V2 V3
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
...
1 NA 1
1 1 1
NA NA 1
等
我知道我可以在带有substring()和as.numeric()的双嵌套循环中完成它,但是必须有一个更像R的方法来实现它。任何人都可以提供线索吗?
TIA。
答案 0 :(得分:9)
您可以使用strsplit
。例如(假设您的向量是名为x
的对象):
y <- strsplit(x,"")
z <- lapply(y, as.numeric)
a <- do.call(rbind, z)
这比上述解决方案更快,但不太直观。 sapply
简化为数组,但您必须转置它,因为维度与您想要的相反。
a <- t(sapply(y, as.numeric))
以下是答案中提出的不同方法的时间比较(到目前为止):
x <- sample(c("111","1 1"," 1","112","121","11 "," ","221"), 1e5, TRUE)
f1 <- function(x) do.call(rbind, lapply(strsplit(x,""), as.numeric))
f2 <- function(x) t(sapply(strsplit(x,""), as.numeric))
f3 <- function(x) read.fwf(file=textConnection(x), widths=c(1,1,1))
library(rbenchmark)
benchmark(f1(x), f2(x), f3(x), replications=10, order="relative",
columns=c("test","replications","elapsed","relative"))
# test replications elapsed relative
# 2 f2(x) 10 5.072 1.000000
# 1 f1(x) 10 6.343 1.250591
# 3 f3(x) 10 119.892 23.638013
答案 1 :(得分:6)
以下是使用read.fwf()
的解决方案。
x <- c("111", " ", "221", " 1")
## "fwf" stands for "*f*ixed *w*idth *f*ormatted"
read.fwf(file = textConnection(x), widths = c(1,1,1))
# V1 V2 V3
# 1 1 1 1
# 2 NA NA NA
# 3 2 2 1
# 4 NA NA 1