Question

例如，我正在开发一个gem，在我开发的时候，我使用pry代替IRB，使用debugger进行调试。但是，我不希望可能的贡献者必须安装它们（因为它们可能不需要它们）。我的第一个想法是把它们放在Bundler小组中：

source :rubygems

gemspec

group :extras do
  gem "pry"
  gem "debugger"
end

然后人们可以使用：

$ bundle install --without extras

但我希望它是默认的，它们没有安装。什么是完美的，他们在Gemfile中，但我仍然需要它们（如果它们存在于计算机上）。这个解决方案没问题，因为我不关心他们被锁定的版本。可以吗？

Answer 1

您可以添加任意加载路径，然后从中获取宝石。检查全局变量$:

puts $:.inspect
# ["/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/lib", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/vendor", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/assets", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/controllers", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/helpers", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/mailers", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/models", "/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/bundler-2.0.2/lib", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/json-1.8.3/lib", "/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/bundler-2.0.2/lib/gems/bundler-2.0.2/lib", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0/x86_64-linux", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/2.3.0", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/2.3.0/x86_64-linux", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/x86_64-linux"]

现在让我们附加到$:并需要一个宝石

require 'method_source'
# LoadError: cannot load such file -- method_source
$: << '/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4@myset/gems/method_source-1.0.0/lib'
# ["/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/lib", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/vendor", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/assets", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/controllers", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/helpers", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/mailers", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/models", "/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/bundler-2.0.2/lib", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/json-1.8.3/lib", "/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/bundler-2.0.2/lib/gems/bundler-2.0.2/lib", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0/x86_64-linux", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/2.3.0", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/2.3.0/x86_64-linux", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/x86_64-linux", "/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4@myset/gems/method_source-1.0.0/lib"]
require 'method_source'
# true

但是，如果您有很多依赖关系，那可能很乏味，因此您可以尝试以下方法：

Dir['/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4@myset/gems/*'].each do |gem_path|
  $: << File.join(gem_path, 'lib')
end

Answer 2

bundle install是“选择退出” - 除非您指定--without some_group，否则会安装所有内容。

如果你绝对不想在你的Gemfile中拥有一个给定的gem，你可以只是gem install你的捆绑之外的那个流氓gem。然后，您会在irb和ruby下看到它（但显然，如果您在require下运行的代码中尝试bundle exec，则会出现错误。

Answer 3

您可以根据环境变量将条件添加到Gemfile中。例如：

source :rubygems

gemspec

if ENV['WITH_EXTRAS'] == '1'
  gem "pry"
  gem "debugger"
end

如果您将环境变量设置为'1'，则仅安装/加载宝石。 WITH_EXTRAS=1 bundle install。

是否可以要求Gemfile之外的文件？

3 个答案: