将std :: list扩展为循环列表

时间:2012-10-14 12:15:32

标签: c++ list iterator

我想基于std :: list实现循环列表。我希望从列表的优点中获益,但添加一个特定的功能:它的迭代器运算符++和 - 应跳过边缘并且操作(插入/擦除)不得使现有的迭代器无效。我处理模板的技巧很弱,理解std容器对我来说是不可能的行为。因此我需要你的帮助。到现在为止我还没那么远:D。对不起,即使是很多帖子都没有帮助我。

编辑: 经过大量的工作,一个很好的学习曲线,从std :: list :: iterator继承失败的方法,一个短暂的萧条和一个简单的回归你的方法(是的,你们都是对的)我终于做到了。受到你所有观点的启发,我现在可以发布我上次做的事情......约12小时:D基本上你的建议,但是有很好的小操作员。

#pragma once
#include <list>
using std::list;

template<class T>
class cyclic_iterator;


template<class T>
class cyclicList : public list<T>
{
public:
  typedef cyclic_iterator<T> cyclic_iterator;

  cyclic_iterator cycbegin()
  {// not the purpose, but needed for instanziation
    return cyclic_iterator( *this, this->begin());
  }

  cyclic_iterator cycend()
  {// not the purpose, but needed for instanziation
    return cyclic_iterator( *this, this->end());
  }
};




template<class T>
class cyclic_iterator
{
  public:
  // To hop over edges need to know the container
  cyclic_iterator(){}
  cyclic_iterator(typename list<T>::iterator i)
    : mIter(i){}
  cyclic_iterator(list<T> &c)
    : mContainer(&c){}
  cyclic_iterator(list<T> &c, typename list<T>::iterator i)
    : mContainer(&c), mIter(i){}

  cyclic_iterator<T>& operator=(typename list<T>::iterator i)
  {// assign an interator
    mIter = i;
    return *this;
  }

  cyclic_iterator<T>& operator=(list<T> &c)
  {// assign a container
    mContainer = &c;
    return *this;
  } 

  bool operator==(const cyclic_iterator<T>& rVal) const
  {// check for equality
    return (this->mIter == rVal.mIter && this->mContainer == rVal.mContainer) ? true : false;
  } 

  bool operator!=(const cyclic_iterator<T>& rVal) const
  {//  check for inequality
    return !(this->operator==(rVal));
  } 

  cyclic_iterator<T>& operator++()
  {// preincrement
    ++mIter;
    if (mIter == mContainer->end())
      { mIter = mContainer->begin(); }
    return *this;
  }

  cyclic_iterator<T> operator++(int)
  { // postincrement
    cyclic_iterator<T> tmp = *this;
    ++*this;
    return tmp;
  }

  cyclic_iterator<T>& operator--()
  {// predecrement
    if (mIter == mContainer->begin())
      mIter = --mContainer->end();
    else --mIter;
    return *this;
  }

  cyclic_iterator<T> operator--(int)
  {// postdecrement
    cyclic_iterator<T> tmp = *this;
    --*this;
    return tmp;
  }

  cyclic_iterator<T>& operator+=(int j)
  {// hop j nodes forward
    for (int i = 0; i < j; ++i)
      ++(*this);
    return *this;
  }

  cyclic_iterator<T>& operator-=(int j)
  {// hop j nodes backwards
    for (int i = 0; i < j; ++i)
      --(*this);
    return *this;
  }

  T& operator*()
  {
    return *mIter;
  }

  typename list<T>::iterator & getStdIterator()
  {
    return mIter;
  }

private:  
  list<T>*          mContainer;
  typename list<T>::iterator mIter;

};

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

你不能只做一个不同的迭代器类型吗?

#include <iterator>
#include <list>

template <typename T, typename Alloc>
struct cyclic_iterator
: std::iterator<typename std::list<T, Alloc>::iterator::iterator_category, T>
{
    typedef std::list<T, Alloc> list_type;

    cyclic_iterator & operator++()
    {
        ++iter;
        if (iter == container.end()) { iter = container.begin(); }
        return *this;
    }

    T & operator*() { return *iter; }

    cyclic_iterator(typename list_type::iterator it, list_type & l)
    : iter(it)
    , container(l)
    {
        if (it == container.end()) { it = container.begin(); }
    }

    // everything else

private:
    typename list_type::iterator iter;
    list_type & container;
};

带着帮手:

template <typename List>
cyclic_iterator<typename List::value_type, typename List::allocator_type>
make_cyclic_iterator(typename List::iterator it, List & l)
{
    return cyclic_iterator<typename List::value_type, typename List::allocator_type>(it, l);
}

用法:

// goes round and round forever

for (auto ci = make_cyclic_iterator(mylist.begin(), mylist); ; ++ci)
{
    std::cout << *ci << std::endl;
}

(经过一些修改后,可以使用此代码处理任何公开begin / end迭代器的容器。)

答案 1 :(得分:3)

这是不可能的。迭代器和end元素的实现是特定于实现的,不可自定义。容器不是为那种东西而设计的,它会让它们变得非常困难。你将不得不经历自己实现这一目标的痛苦。请记住,这变得非常棘手,因为循环列表没有真正的过去的迭代器,并且迭代器实际上无法处理这种情况。有些库有循环器概念来处理循环结构。

注意:继承标准容器是一个坏主意。

答案 2 :(得分:1)

当然你可以使用std::list来实现它,但首先你应该在你的类中封装list而不是从它派生,然后你必须实现自己的迭代器来完成这个,但是因为循环列表的大小是固定的我更喜欢具有固定大小和线性记忆的容器,如std::arraystd::vector

template<
    class T,
    class Container = std::vector<T>
>
class circular_list {
public:
    // Following typedef are required to make your class a container
    typedef typename Container::size_type size_type;
    typedef typename Container::difference_type difference_type;
    typedef typename Container::pointer pointer;
    typedef typename Container::const_pointer const_pointer;
    typedef typename Container::reference reference;
    typedef typename Container::const_reference const_reference;
    typedef typename Container::value_type value_type;
public:
    class iterator : std::iterator<std::bidirectional_iterator_tag, value_type> {
    public:
        iterator() : c_(nullptr) {}
        iterator(circular_buffer& c, size_type index)
            : c_( &c.c_ ), index_( index ) {}

        reference operator* () const {
            return (*c_)[index_];
        }
        iterator& operator++ () {
            if( ++index_ >= c_->size() ) index_ = 0;
            return *this;
        }
        iterator& operator-- () {
            if( index_ == 0 ) index_ = c_->size() - 1; else --index_;
            return *this;
        }

    private:
        size_type index_;
        Container* c_;
    };

public:
    void push( const_reference val ) {add item to the container}
    reference current() {return current item from the container}
    void pop() {remove item from the container}

    size_type size() const {return c_.size();}
    iterator begin() {return iterator( *this, 0 );}
    iterator end() {return iterator( *this, size() );}

private:
    friend iterator;
    Container c_;
}