我的Android 4.0.4应用程序包含一个WebView,用户可以通过该视图查看资产目录中本地存储的多个页面。在页面中循环时,最终会触发以下错误并且应用程序崩溃:
这个问题似乎与这里报道的问题有关:
我使用了以下链接中给出的Memory Analyzer Tool插件说明来检查详细信息:
http://therockncoder.blogspot.ca/2012/09/fixing-android-memory-leak.html
结果显示如下(暂不发布屏幕截图,因此文字必须这样做):
MAT摘录
Class Name | Shallow Heap | Retained Heap | Percentage
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | |
java.lang.Thread @ 0x40daa320 Thread-39775 Thread | 80 | 15,310,552 | 76.74%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x40d5a8d0 <!DOCTYPE html>.<html xml:lang="">.<head>. <title>Android Test-HTML5-480PX-Page 0</title>. <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />. <meta name="viewport" content="width=360, height=480">. <!--. <meta name="viewport" co...| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x40e25bb8 on-play-state: running;. -webkit-animation-timing-function: step-start;. }. @-webkit-keyframes ag16780-anim45051. {. 0.000% { background-position:0px 0px,77px 0px,77px 0px,77px 0px,77px 0px,77px 0px; }. 20.000% { background-position...| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x40e60520 //<![CDATA[.var pageParams = new Object();.pageParams['readMode'] = 1;...function applyReadMode().{. var audioNodes = document.getElementsByClassName('BGAudio');. for (var i=0; i<audioNodes.length; i++). {. .if (pageParams['readMode'] == 0). ...| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x40e86f48 .PNG........IHDR....... ......U......gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<....bKGD..............pHYs...#...#.x.?v...ZIDATH..U]l\W..f.9.......8..G.....Z$ZUi..*EQQ...RE.Hi.D".0BTj..J.x..O.J..C.)..IU.R......HB.8..&..\.x..w..{fx...| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x40f09f00 html.{. padding : 0px 0px 0px 0px;. margin : 0px 0px 0px 0px;. height : 100%;. width : 100%;. background : #ffffff;.}.body.{. padding : 0px 0px 0px 0px;. margin : 0px 0px...| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x40f11f18 .=Xt.....H...hE:t.;.......=.s....f.(.....v.5'<.8}=.=kXF..&&...K...j.........<...A..........}.......c.c..7.e{b.....O.p..h....e.1....8.zd{..........}3.Z.W..v.|}y.u...3M.....h2IDAT...........Z.;u..M.....'!.(.S.....|j.]..h.l7.... .....I...u.&J5.";9.d04.S.........| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x41009af0 //<![CDATA[.var pageParams = new Object();.pageParams['readMode'] = 1;...function applyReadMode().{. var audioNodes = document.getElementsByClassName('BGAudio');. for (var i=0; i<audioNodes.length; i++). {. .if (pageParams['readMode'] == 0). ...| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x41011b08 html.{. padding : 0px 0px 0px 0px;. margin : 0px 0px 0px 0px;. height : 100%;. width : 100%;. background : #ffffff;.}.body.{. padding : 0px 0px 0px 0px;. margin : 0px 0px...| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x41019b20 ...t.%#2#b......0..0.6.....A.M....%.F,.*...(.>.q$_.0... a..sF...."Ypn"....#.q...@...........C...3....-.L.b.A).F....4.....Q.1.Wd..3.|.Y%........:.w.F~ ]..0i>a......4n.E7.O..+.7S...D...|.IDAT..'...<.....E.n...!.1.....Tx211..E....4 .*f....>..)..)...gS.j.. WX....| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x41021b38 .PNG........IHDR...|.................gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<....PLTE.................................................................................................................................................| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x41029b50 .PNG........IHDR.......Q.......0.....gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<....bKGD..............pHYs...#...#.x.?v..:.IDATx...gx...........-.....4...p...S....%$!$.$$....z....8T.:.L...c..wI......23..3....U...?.5..j.......J@.P....| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x41031b68 .PNG........IHDR...V.........0..X....gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<....bKGD..............pHYs...#...#.x.?v....IDATh..Zyp.U....f.;3....j0..p...E]...M...*%..,.J..Pb..,....Z.AE.E.....n.."A.........@..d...>...........W......| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x410889d0 .PNG........IHDR.............a.~e....gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<....PLTE...Q_HRgL......=I93?/f~Zg~[DV=@P8)0$'2&(3&/<('1$......""!:;:"#"......)3&...............&&&'''.......... ...........$.677888.$....................| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x410909e8 .PNG........IHDR.....................gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<...wPLTE........~..............v...........~.........{yn........................................................F.. ..4..............!...........+..l....| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x41098a00 .PNG........IHDR.....................gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<...wPLTE...uuj....................i.......................................................................S..'..$..............*..............[..........| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x410a0a18 .PNG........IHDR.....................gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<...tPLTE...llh...........................|.u.....................................................]..*..+..............-..............T..............M....| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x410a8a30 .PNG........IHDR.....................gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<...wPLTE...ooi.......................}....................................................................[..)..%..............+..............Y..........| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x410b0a48 .PNG........IHDR.....................gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<...zPLTE...wvk.......................{....................................................................\..(..$..............,..............\..........| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x410b8a60 .PNG........IHDR.....................gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<...zPLTE...rqg.....d...................................z........................................................R..%.. ..............(..............]....| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x410c0a78 .PNG........IHDR.....................gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<...wPLTE...rrh........r............................................................................................Q..%.. ..............(................| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x410c8a90 .PNG........IHDR.....................gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<...wPLTE........}..............O...........|.........xwl........................................................G..!.....8.............."...........'....| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x410d0aa8 .PNG........IHDR.....................gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<...zPLTE........~..............m...........~.........{yn........................................................F.. ..4..............!...........+..l....| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x410d8ac0 .PNG........IHDR.............e.. ....gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<...yPLTE...mmmhfZ........h.................)........c..kppp..h..u.......................................................................x..o..a..........| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x410e0ad8 .PNG........IHDR.............e.. ....gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<....PLTE...hhh.......................-...........e..~........|.............................................................................s.............| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
|- byte[32768] @ 0x410e8af0 .PNG........IHDR.............e.. ....gAMA......a.....sRGB........ cHRM..z&..............u0...`..:....p..Q<...|PLTE.........,,+........c..~...........]..............y....................n.........................................................................| 32,784 | 32,784 | 0.16%
'- Total: 25 of 471 entries; 446 more | | |
android.widget.HorizontalScrollView @ 0x40e1d8b8 | 576 | 978,456 | 4.90%
class android.content.res.Resources @ 0x40ab1570 System Class | 48 | 266,432 | 1.34%
...
日志摘录
...
10-08 22:10:28.970: D/MediaPlayer(9823): pause() out
10-08 22:10:29.090: E/dalvikvm(9823): JNI ERROR (app bug): local reference table overflow (max=512)
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): JNI local reference table (0x2498270) dump:
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): Last 10 entries (of 512):
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): 511: 0x40d696d0 android.content.res.AssetManager
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): 510: 0x4201eab0 byte[] (32768 elements)
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): 509: 0x42016a98 byte[] (32768 elements)
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): 508: 0x4200ea80 byte[] (32768 elements)
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): 507: 0x42006a68 byte[] (32768 elements)
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): 506: 0x41ffea50 byte[] (32768 elements)
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): 505: 0x41ff6a38 byte[] (32768 elements)
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): 504: 0x41feea20 byte[] (32768 elements)
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): 503: 0x41fe6a08 byte[] (32768 elements)
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): 502: 0x41fde9f0 byte[] (32768 elements)
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): Summary:
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): 1 of java.lang.Class
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): 510 of byte[] (32768 elements) (510 unique instances)
10-08 22:10:29.090: W/dalvikvm(9823): 1 of android.content.res.AssetManager
10-08 22:10:29.090: E/dalvikvm(9823): Failed adding to JNI local ref table (has 512 entries)
10-08 22:10:29.090: I/dalvikvm(9823): "Thread-39898" prio=5 tid=12 RUNNABLE
10-08 22:10:29.090: I/dalvikvm(9823): | group="main" sCount=0 dsCount=0 obj=0x40d6b9d8 self=0x222a030
10-08 22:10:29.090: I/dalvikvm(9823): | sysTid=9871 nice=0 sched=0/0 cgrp=default handle=29456640
10-08 22:10:29.090: I/dalvikvm(9823): | schedstat=( 520906000 142824000 757 ) utm=22 stm=30 core=2
10-08 22:10:29.090: I/dalvikvm(9823): at android.content.res.AssetManager.readAsset(Native Method)
10-08 22:10:29.090: I/dalvikvm(9823): at android.content.res.AssetManager.access$700(AssetManager.java:35)
10-08 22:10:29.090: I/dalvikvm(9823): at android.content.res.AssetManager$AssetInputStream.read(AssetManager.java:648)
10-08 22:10:29.090: I/dalvikvm(9823): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.run(Native Method)
10-08 22:10:29.090: E/dalvikvm(9823): VM aborting
10-08 22:10:29.090: A/libc(9823): Fatal signal 11 (SIGSEGV) at 0xdeadd00d (code=1)
10-08 22:10:29.140: I/MediaPlayer(9823): setLPAflag() in
...
通过查看MAT条目,似乎主线程持有对所有HTML页面,CSS和Javascript文件,图像和音频文件的引用,并且不会释放它们。最终,当调用新URL时,AssetManager会尝试写入超出JNI本地ref表的边界(512个条目)的条目,耗尽可用空间并导致内存泄漏。
我尝试过各种各样的事情,试图阻止保留引用,没有运气。这包括:
初始化WebView,使其不缓存页面:
mWebView.getSettings().setAppCacheEnabled(false);
mWebView.getSettings().setCacheMode(WebSettings.LOAD_NO_CACHE);
mWebView.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false);
尝试在加载下一页之前删除所有现有的WebView数据:
mWebView.stopLoading();
mWebView.clearCache(true);
mWebView.destroyDrawingCache();
mWebView.clearHistory();
mWebView.freeMemory();
mWebView.getInstance().deleteAllData();
动态创建WebView,而不是通过res / layout XML,并为其分配应用程序Context而不是Activity上下文:
mWebView = new WebView(getApplicationContext());
在更改页面之前销毁当前的WebView并为下一页动态创建新的WebView,但除了减慢应用程序的速度之外,这没有任何效果。 JNI本地表仍保留旧引用:
mWebViewContainer.removeViewAt(0);
mWebView.destroyDrawingCache();
mWebView.destroy();
mWebView = null;
System.gc();
理想的做法是在加载下一页之前删除JNI表中的旧条目,但我发现无法做到这一点 - 一旦调用了URL,资产目录引用就会被保留,尽管我试过了。也许我已经错过了某些东西,或者在Android的后续版本中有待修复?如果不这样做,即使为每个页面销毁和创建新的WebView会对性能产生负面影响,也会使设计复杂化,如果页面可以在自己的Thread中创建并拥有自己的资产引用而不是主线程,那么这可能会起作用(如果在页面更改期间可以停止那些线程。)
更新
我尝试在单独的线程中创建我的WebView并得到错误“必须在UI线程上调用所有WebView方法。未来版本的WebView可能不支持在其他线程上使用。”。我假设'UI线程'指的是主线程。这篇文章似乎支持:
答案 0 :(得分:2)
我提出了一种避免内存泄漏的解决方法,但代价是将存储的数据量增加一倍。基本上,必须将资产目录的所有内容复制到内部或外部存储,并且必须将HTML页面从这些存储目录加载到WebView中。
内部存储
外部存储空间
下面是一个示例方法,用于将指定目录/子目录的内容从assets文件夹传输到存储(在本例中为内部)。如果遇到子目录,将以递归方式调用向下钻取。种子调用必须将“”作为sourceDirName传递。
注意:如上所述,仅适用于1的子目录深度,并且通过包含“。”来区分文件与目录。名称和扩展名之间的字符 - 如果此项不适合您,您可能需要使用不同的测试。在资产成员上使用 if(new File(sourceFileNames [i])。isDirectory())之类的测试是不可能的,因为它们不是真正的文件;来自AssetManager文档:'文件...已作为简单的字节流与应用程序捆绑在一起。'
private void copyAssetsToStorage(String sourceDirName)
{
// /data/data/com.package.name/files
try
{
String[] sourceFileNames = mContext.getAssets().list(sourceDirName);
File targetDir = mContext.getFilesDir();
if (sourceDirName != "")
{
sourceDirName += "/";
targetDir = new File(targetDir, sourceDirName);
targetDir.mkdir();
}
targetDir.setReadable(true, false);
if (sourceFileNames != null)
{
byte[] buffer;
int length;
InputStream inStream;
File outFile;
FileOutputStream outStream;
for (int i = 0; i < sourceFileNames.length; i++)
{
if (sourceFileNames[i].contains(".") == false)
{
// Recursive call to drill down
copyAssetsToStorage(sourceFileNames[i]);
}
else
{
inStream = mContext.getAssets().open(
sourceDirName + sourceFileNames[i]);
outFile = new File(targetDir, sourceFileNames[i]);
outStream = new FileOutputStream(outFile, false);
buffer = new byte[8192];
while ((length = inStream.read(buffer)) > 0)
{
outStream.write(buffer, 0, length);
}
inStream.close();
inStream = null;
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
outStream = null;
outFile.setReadable(true, false);
}
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
} // copyAssetsToStorage
答案 1 :(得分:2)
试试这个
WebSettings settings = webvew.getSettings();
settings.setAppCacheEnabled(false);
settings.setCacheMode(WebSettings.LOAD_NO_CACHE);
settings.setDatabaseEnabled(false);
settings.setDomStorageEnabled(false);
settings.setGeolocationEnabled(false);
settings.setPluginsEnabled(false);
settings.setSaveFormData(false);
settings.setSavePassword(false);
在webview中加载html之前我使用了loadDataWithBaseURL而不是loadUrl。
loadUrl只能在webview中加载Web服务器时使用,否则会导致内存泄漏。
它为我工作