空char数组的初始化是否有效?

时间:2012-10-08 06:59:53

标签: c++

int main()
{
    cout<<"Enter a word"<<endl;
    char word1[]={0}; //first char array initialization
    cin>>word1;
    cout<<"Enter another word"<<endl;
    char word2[]={0};  //second char array initialization
    cin>>word2;
    char word3[]={0};  
    char word4[]={0};
    int i=0;
while (word1[i]!='\0')  //this converts both words to lower case by usinction tolower 
{
    word3[i]=char(tolower(word1[i])); //word3 and word4 stores the new arrays
    word4[i]=char(tolower(word2[i]));
    i++;
}

int output;  //output stores the value of 0,1 or -1
output=compareString(word3,word4);
if (output==0)
{
    cout<<"The two words are the same."<<endl; //if arrays are same
}
if (output==1)  
{
    cout<<"the 1st character of 1st word has a larger value than of 2nd word."<<endl;
}
if (output==-1)
{
    cout<<"the 1st character of 2nd word has a larger value than of 1st word."<<endl;
}
return 0;

}

int compareString(char string1,char string2)
{
    int size1=0;  //initialize size of string1
    int j=0;   //string1 position initialize
    while (string1[j]!='\0')  //loop to determine size of string1
    {
        size1+=1;
        j+=1;
    }
    int a=0;    //initialize size of string2
    int size2=0;  //string2 position
    while (string2[a]!='\0')  //loop determines size of string2
    {
        size2+=1;
        a+=1;
    }
     int i=0;
     int k=0;
     for (i=0;i<size1;i++)   //loop to compare the two strings
     {
     if (string1[i]!=string2[i])
     {
        if (string1[i]>string2[i])  //comparing 1st character of string1 & string2
        {
            return 1;
        }    
        else   //if string2's first character is greater in value
        {
            return -1;
        }
      }
      else
      {
          k++;  //incrementing k when character of string1 matches string2 character
      }
      }
   if (k==size1)  //to cjheck if all characters of both strings are same
   {
       if (k==size2)
       {
           return 0;
       }
   }
 }

这是一个比较两个char数组的函数,如果字符彼此对应则返回0,如果string1的第一个字符大于string2的第一个字符,则返回1,如果string1的第一个字符小于,则返回-1 string2的第一个字符。问题是当我运行它时,即使两个单词不同,输出也总是0,并出现文本“单词是相同的”。 我在主程序中正确初始化了两个数组吗?还是有其他问题?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

此声明

char word1[]={0};

声明一个大小为1的数组,这意味着当您执行输入时,它将覆盖堆栈。所有其他阵列都是一样的。

在C ++中处理字符串时,强烈建议使用std::string

答案 1 :(得分:2)

char word1[]={0};

这一行创建一个数组word1,它只有一个元素,设置为0.当使用此数组来保存字符串时,除了空字符串外,你不能在其中包含任何。这里导致缓冲区溢出,因为您在此数组中读取了非空字符串,然后将其写入未分配给此数组的内存的其他部分。这非常糟糕。

请考虑使用std::string来保存字符串。它会根据需要自动调整其分配大小。