有没有办法用修改后的捕获组内容替换正则表达式?
示例:
Pattern regex = Pattern.compile("(\\d{1,2})");
Matcher regexMatcher = regex.matcher(text);
resultString = regexMatcher.replaceAll("$1"); // *3 ??
我想用$ 1替换所有出现次数乘以3。
修改
看起来,出了点问题:(
如果我使用
Pattern regex = Pattern.compile("(\\d{1,2})");
Matcher regexMatcher = regex.matcher("12 54 1 65");
try {
String resultString = regexMatcher.replaceAll(regexMatcher.group(1));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
抛出IllegalStateException:找不到匹配项
但是
Pattern regex = Pattern.compile("(\\d{1,2})");
Matcher regexMatcher = regex.matcher("12 54 1 65");
try {
String resultString = regexMatcher.replaceAll("$1");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
工作正常,但我无法更改$ 1 :(
修改
现在,它正在运作:)
答案 0 :(得分:76)
怎么样:
if (regexMatcher.find()) {
resultString = regexMatcher.replaceAll(
String.valueOf(3 * Integer.parseInt(regexMatcher.group(1))));
}
要获得第一场比赛,请使用#find()
。之后,您可以使用#group(1)
来引用此第一个匹配项,并将所有匹配项替换为第一个匹配项乘以3。
如果你想用匹配值乘以3替换每个匹配:
Pattern p = Pattern.compile("(\\d{1,2})");
Matcher m = p.matcher("12 54 1 65");
StringBuffer s = new StringBuffer();
while (m.find())
m.appendReplacement(s, String.valueOf(3 * Integer.parseInt(m.group(1))));
System.out.println(s.toString());
您可能需要查看Matcher
's documentation,其中详细介绍了这些内容以及更多内容。
答案 1 :(得分:11)
伯爵的回答为您提供了解决方案,但我想我会添加导致您IllegalStateException
的问题。您在没有先调用匹配操作(例如group(1)
)的情况下调用find()
。如果您只使用$1
,则不需要这样做,因为replaceAll()
是匹配操作。
答案 2 :(得分:1)
来源:java-implementation-of-rubys-gsub
用法:
// Rewrite an ancient unit of length in SI units.
String result = new Rewriter("([0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)?)[- ]?(inch(es)?)") {
public String replacement() {
float inches = Float.parseFloat(group(1));
return Float.toString(2.54f * inches) + " cm";
}
}.rewrite("a 17 inch display");
System.out.println(result);
// The "Searching and Replacing with Non-Constant Values Using a
// Regular Expression" example from the Java Almanac.
result = new Rewriter("([a-zA-Z]+[0-9]+)") {
public String replacement() {
return group(1).toUpperCase();
}
}.rewrite("ab12 cd efg34");
System.out.println(result);
实施(重新设计):
import static java.lang.String.format;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public abstract class Rewriter {
private Pattern pattern;
private Matcher matcher;
public Rewriter(String regularExpression) {
this.pattern = Pattern.compile(regularExpression);
}
public String group(int i) {
return matcher.group(i);
}
public abstract String replacement() throws Exception;
public String rewrite(CharSequence original) {
return rewrite(original, new StringBuffer(original.length())).toString();
}
public StringBuffer rewrite(CharSequence original, StringBuffer destination) {
try {
this.matcher = pattern.matcher(original);
while (matcher.find()) {
matcher.appendReplacement(destination, "");
destination.append(replacement());
}
matcher.appendTail(destination);
return destination;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Cannot rewrite " + toString(), e);
}
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(pattern.pattern());
for (int i = 0; i <= matcher.groupCount(); i++)
sb.append(format("\n\t(%s) - %s", i, group(i)));
return sb.toString();
}
}
答案 3 :(得分:1)
Java 9提供了Matcher.replaceAll()
,它接受替换功能:
resultString = regexMatcher.replaceAll(
m -> String.valueOf(Integer.parseInt(m.group()) * 3));