iOS:具有透明背景的Modal ViewController

时间:2012-10-05 07:04:50

标签: ios objective-c modalviewcontroller presentmodalviewcontroller

我正在尝试以模式方式呈现视图控制器,具有透明背景。我的目标是让呈现和呈现的视图控制器视图同时显示。问题是,当呈现动画结束时,呈现视图控制器的视图消失。

- (IBAction)pushModalViewControllerButtonPressed:(id)sender
{
    ModalViewController *modalVC = [[ModalViewController alloc] init];
    [self presentViewController:modalVC animated:YES completion:nil];
}

我知道我可以将视图添加为子视图,但出于某种原因我想避免使用此解决方案。我怎么能解决它?

24 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:181)

对于那些试图让它在iOS 8中运行的人来说,显示透明模态视图控制器的“Apple认可”方式是在当前 ed modalPresentationStyle >控制器UIModalPresentationOverCurrentContext

这可以在代码中完成,也可以通过在故事板中设置segue的属性来完成。

来自UIViewController文档:

  

<强> UIModalPresentationOverCurrentContext

     

仅在内容上显示内容的演示样式   父视图控制器的内容。提出的观点   在演示文稿时,不会从视图层次结构中删除内容   饰面。因此,如果呈现的视图控制器没有填满屏幕   对于不透明的内容,基础内容会显示出来。

     

在弹出框中呈现视图控制器时,此演示文稿   仅当过渡样式为时才支持样式   UIModalTransitionStyleCoverVertical。试图使用不同的   过渡样式触发异常。但是,您可以使用其他   转换样式(部分卷曲转换除外)如果是父级   视图控制器不在弹出窗口中。

     

适用于iOS 8.0及更高版本。

https://developer.apple.com/documentation/uikit/uiviewcontroller

来自WWDC 2014的“在iOS 8中查看控制器进展”视频详细介绍了这一点。

注意:

  • 请务必为您呈现的视图控制器提供清晰的背景颜色,以免实际透视!
  • 您必须在呈现之前设置此,即在presentViewController的viewDidLoad中设置此参数不会产生任何影响

答案 1 :(得分:96)

在iOS 8.0及更高版本中,可以通过将属性 modalPresentationStyle 设置为 UIModalPresentationOverCurrentContext

来完成。
//Set property **definesPresentationContext** YES to avoid presenting over presenting-viewController's navigation bar

self.definesPresentationContext = YES; //self is presenting view controller
presentedController.view.backgroundColor = [YOUR_COLOR with alpha OR clearColor]
presentedController.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationOverCurrentContext;

[self presentViewController:presentedController animated:YES completion:nil];

See Image Attached

答案 2 :(得分:84)

以下代码仅适用于iPad。

self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
self.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationCurrentContext;
[self presentModalViewController:modalVC animated:YES];

我会添加一个子视图。

这是一个非常好的讨论。具体看一下评论。不仅仅是答案。

Modal View

如果我是你,我就不会这样做。我会添加一个子视图并执行它。它似乎让我对事物有了更好的控制。

编辑:

正如Paul Linsay所提到的,因为iOS 8所需要的只是UIModalPresentationOverFullScreen所呈现的ViewController的modalPresentationStyle。这也包括navigationBar和tabBar按钮。

答案 3 :(得分:42)

此代码适用于iOS6和iOS7下的iPhone:

presentedVC.view.backgroundColor = YOUR_COLOR; // can be with 'alpha'
presentingVC.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationCurrentContext;
[presentingVC presentViewController:presentedVC animated:YES completion:NULL];

在这种情况下,您会错过幻灯片动画。要保留动画,您仍然可以使用以下“非优雅”扩展名:

[presentingVC presentViewController:presentedVC animated:YES completion:^{
    [presentedVC dismissViewControllerAnimated:NO completion:^{
        presentingVC.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationCurrentContext;
        [presentingVC presentViewController:presentedVC animated:NO completion:NULL];
    }];
}];

如果我们的presentationV位于UINavigationController或UITabbarController内部,则需要使用该控制器作为presentationVC。

此外,在iOS7中,您可以实现应用UIViewControllerTransitioningDelegate协议的自定义过渡动画。当然,在这种情况下,您可以获得透明背景

@interface ModalViewController : UIViewController <UIViewControllerTransitioningDelegate>

首先,在呈现之前,您必须设置modalPresentationStyle

modalViewController.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationCustom;

然后你必须实现两个协议方法

- (id<UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning>)animationControllerForPresentedController:(UIViewController *)presented presentingController:(UIViewController *)presenting sourceController:(UIViewController *)source
{
    CustomAnimatedTransitioning *transitioning = [CustomAnimatedTransitioning new];
    transitioning.presenting = YES;
    return transitioning;
}

- (id<UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning>)animationControllerForDismissedController:(UIViewController *)dismissed
{
    CustomAnimatedTransitioning * transitioning = [CustomAnimatedTransitioning new];
    transitioning.presenting = NO;
    return transitioning;
}

最后一件事是在CustomAnimatedTransitioning

中定义自定义转换
@interface CustomAnimatedTransitioning : NSObject <UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning>
@property (nonatomic) BOOL presenting;
@end

@implementation CurrentContextTransitionAnimator

- (NSTimeInterval)transitionDuration:(id <UIViewControllerContextTransitioning>)transitionContext 
{
    return 0.25;
}

- (void)animateTransition:(id <UIViewControllerContextTransitioning>)transitionContext 
{
    UIViewController *fromViewController = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextFromViewControllerKey];
    UIViewController *toViewController = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextToViewControllerKey];

    if (self.presenting) {
        // custom presenting animation
    }
    else {
        // custom dismissing animation
    }
}

答案 4 :(得分:18)

我在XCode 7的Interface Builder中苦苦挣扎,将Presentation Style设置为@VenuGopalTewari建议。在此版本中,segue似乎没有Over Current ContextOver Full Screen演示模式。因此,为了使其工作,我将模式设置为Default

enter image description here enter image description here

此外,我将模态呈现的视图控制器的演示模式设置为Over Full Screen

enter image description here

答案 5 :(得分:17)

创建一个segue以模态方式呈现并将该segue的Presentation属性设置为当前上下文 它将100%工作

enter image description here

答案 6 :(得分:14)

具有透明背景的PresentViewController - 在iOS 8和iOS 9中

MYViewController *myVC = [self.storyboard   instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"MYViewController"];
    myVC.providesPresentationContextTransitionStyle = YES;
    myVC.definesPresentationContext = YES;
    [myVC setModalPresentationStyle:UIModalPresentationOverCurrentContext];
    [self.navigationController presentViewController:myVC animated:YES completion:nil];

并在MYViewController中设置背景颜色为黑色并降低不透明度

答案 7 :(得分:12)

这有点像hacky方式,但对我来说这个代码有用(iOS 6):

AppDelegate *appDelegate = (AppDelegate *)[[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate];

[self presentViewController:self.signInViewController animated:YES completion:^{
    [self.signInViewController dismissViewControllerAnimated:NO completion:^{
        appDelegate.window.rootViewController.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationCurrentContext;
        [self presentViewController:self.signInViewController animated:NO completion:nil];
        appDelegate.window.rootViewController.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationFullScreen;

    }];
}];

此代码也适用于iPhone

答案 8 :(得分:11)

此类别适用于我(ios 7,8和9)

H档

@interface UIViewController (navigation)
- (void) presentTransparentViewController:(UIViewController *)viewControllerToPresent animated:(BOOL)flag completion:(void (^)(void))completion;
@end

M档

@implementation UIViewController (navigation)
- (void)presentTransparentViewController:(UIViewController *)viewControllerToPresent animated:(BOOL)flag completion:(void (^)(void))completion
{
    if(SYSTEM_VERSION_LESS_THAN(@"8.0")) {
        [self presentIOS7TransparentController:viewControllerToPresent withCompletion:completion];

    }else{
        viewControllerToPresent.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationOverCurrentContext;
         [self presentViewController:viewControllerToPresent animated:YES completion:completion];
    }
}
-(void)presentIOS7TransparentController:(UIViewController *)viewControllerToPresent withCompletion:(void(^)(void))completion
{
    UIViewController *presentingVC = self;
    UIViewController *root = self;
    while (root.parentViewController) {
        root = root.parentViewController;
    }
    UIModalPresentationStyle orginalStyle = root.modalPresentationStyle;
    root.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationCurrentContext;
    [presentingVC presentViewController:viewControllerToPresent animated:YES completion:^{
        root.modalPresentationStyle = orginalStyle;
    }];
}
@end

答案 9 :(得分:6)

我在呈现的视图控制器中的init方法中添加了这三行,并且像魅力一样工作:

self.providesPresentationContextTransitionStyle = YES;
self.definesPresentationContext = YES;
[self setModalPresentationStyle:UIModalPresentationOverCurrentContext];

编辑(在iOS 9.3上工作):

self.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationOverFullScreen;

根据文件:

  

UIModalPresentationOverFullScreen   一种视图演示样式,其中呈现的视图覆盖屏幕。演示文稿完成后,不会从视图层次结构中删除所显示内容下方的视图。因此,如果呈现的视图控制器没有用不透明的内容填充屏幕,则底层内容将显示。

适用于iOS 8.0及更高版本。

答案 10 :(得分:6)

如果您正在使用Storyboard,则可以按照以下步骤操作:

  
      
  1. 添加视图控制器(V2),按照您希望的方式设置UI
  2.   
  • 添加UIView - 将背景设置为黑色,将不透明度设置为0.5
  • 添加另一个UIView(2) - 它将作为你的弹出窗口(请注意,UIView和UIView(2)必须具有相同的级别/层次结构。不要使imageview成为视图的子级否则不透明度uiview将影响UIView(2))
  
      
  1. 提出V2模式

  2.   
  3. 单击segue。在“属性”检查器中,将“演示文稿”设置为全屏。如果您愿意,可以删除动画

  4.   

Storyboard

  
      
  1. 选择V2。在“属性”检查器中,将“演示文稿”设置为全屏。检查定义上下文并提供上下文
  2.   

Storyboard

  
      
  1. 选择V2的MainView(请检查图像)。将backgroundColor设置为清除颜色
  2.   

Storyboard

答案 11 :(得分:5)

使用swift解决这个问题的方法如下:

let vc = MyViewController()
vc.view.backgroundColor = UIColor.clear // or whatever color.
vc.modalPresentationStyle = .overCurrentContent
present(vc, animated: true, completion: nil)

答案 12 :(得分:4)

替代方法是使用“容器视图”。只需将alpha设置为低于1并嵌入seque。 XCode 5,目标是iOS7。在iPhone上测试过。

enter image description here

iOS6提供的容器视图。 Link发表关于此事的博文。

答案 13 :(得分:3)

我创建了一个对象来处理我称之为&#34;叠加模态&#34;的表示,这意味着它保留了背景的视图,并允许你拥有一个透明背景的模态。 / p>

它有一个简单的方法可以做到这一点:

- (void)presentViewController:(UIViewController *)presentedViewController
       fromViewController:(UIViewController *)presentingViewController
{
    presentedViewController.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationCustom;
    presentedViewController.transitioningDelegate = self;
    presentedViewController.modalPresentationCapturesStatusBarAppearance = YES;

    [presentedViewController setNeedsStatusBarAppearanceUpdate];

    [presentingViewController presentViewController:presentedViewController
                                       animated:YES
                                     completion:nil];
}

modalPresentationCapturesStatusBarAppearance属性设置为YES并强制状态栏外观更新非常重要,如果您呈现的视图控制器具有不同的preferredStatusBarStyle

此对象应具有@property (assign, nonatommic) isPresenting

您希望此对象符合UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioningUIViewControllerTransitioningDelegate协议并实施以下方法:

- (id)animationControllerForPresentedController:(UIViewController *)presented
                           presentingController:(UIViewController *)presenting
                               sourceController:(UIViewController *)source
{
    self.isPresenting = YES;

    return self;
}

- (id)animationControllerForDismissedController:(UIViewController *)dismissed
{
    self.isPresenting = NO;

    return self;
}

- (NSTimeInterval)transitionDuration:(id)transitionContext
{
    return 0.25;
}

- (void)animateTransition:(id)transitionContext
{
    UIViewController* firstVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextFromViewControllerKey];
    UIViewController* secondVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextToViewControllerKey];
    UIView* containerView = [transitionContext containerView];
    UIView* firstView = firstVC.view;
    UIView* secondView = secondVC.view;

    if (self.isPresenting) {
        [containerView addSubview:secondView];
        secondView.frame = (CGRect){
            containerView.frame.origin.x,
            containerView.frame.origin.y + containerView.frame.size.height,
            containerView.frame.size
        };

        firstView.tintAdjustmentMode = UIViewTintAdjustmentModeDimmed;
        [UIView animateWithDuration:0.25 animations:^{
            secondView.frame = containerView.frame;
        } completion:^(BOOL finished) {
            [transitionContext completeTransition:YES];
        }];
        } else {
        [UIView animateWithDuration:0.25 animations:^{
            firstView.frame = (CGRect){
                containerView.frame.origin.x,
                containerView.frame.origin.y + containerView.frame.size.height,
                containerView.frame.size
        };

        } completion:^(BOOL finished) {
            [transitionContext completeTransition:YES];
        }];
    }
}

这是一个模拟默认模态动画的幻灯片底部动画,但你可以随意制作它。

重要的是,呈现视图控制器的视图将保留在后面,让您创建透明效果。

此解决方案适用于iOS 7 +

答案 14 :(得分:3)

执行此操作的一种非常简单的方法(例如,使用Storyboards)是:

UIStoryboard *storyboard = [UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:@"SomeStoryboard" bundle:nil];
UIViewController *vc = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"SomeStoryboardViewController"];
// the key for what you're looking to do:
vc.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationOverCurrentContext;
vc.view.alpha = 0.50f;

[self presentViewController:vc animated:YES completion:^{
    // great success
}];

这会以UIViewController模式呈现Storyboard,但背景为半透明。

答案 15 :(得分:2)

当然应该设置UIModalPresentationCurrentContext,但是设置clearColor的位置也很重要!您无法在viewDidLoad函数中设置背景,无法在视图加载之前像在 root view controller 或要显示的控制器的 init函数中那样设置背景!

actionController.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
[self presentViewController:actionController animated:YES completion:nil];

- (instancetype)init {

    self = [super initWithNibName:nil bundle:nil];

    if(self) {
        self.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationOverCurrentContext;
        [self.view setBackgroundColor:[UIColor clearColor]];
    }

    return self;
}

答案 16 :(得分:2)

要在这里回顾所有好的答案和评论,并在移动到新的ViewController时仍然有动画,这就是我所做的:(支持iOS 6及更高版本)

如果您使用UINavigationController \ UITabBarController这是可行的方法:

    SomeViewController *vcThatWillBeDisplayed = [self.storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"SomeVC"];

    vcThatWillBeDisplayed.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed: 255/255.0 green:255/255.0 blue:255/255.0 alpha:0.50];    

    self.navigationController.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationCurrentContext;
    [self presentViewController:presentedVC animated:YES completion:NULL];

如果你这样做,你将失去modalTransitionStyle动画。为了解决这个问题,您可以轻松地添加到SomeViewController课程中:

-(void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
    [super viewDidAppear:animated];
    [UIView animateWithDuration:0.4 animations:^() {self.view.alpha = 1;}
       completion:^(BOOL finished){}];
}
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    self.view.alpha = 0;
}

答案 17 :(得分:2)

适用于iOS 7-10

if #available(iOS 8.0, *) {
    nextVC.modalPresentationStyle = .OverCurrentContext
    self.presentViewController(nextVC, animated: true, completion: nil)
} else {
    // Fallback on earlier version
    self.modalPresentationStyle = .Custom          
    nextVC.modalTransitionStyle = .CrossDissolve            
    self.presentViewController(nextVC, animated: false, completion: nil)
    }
}

答案 18 :(得分:1)

Swift 4.2

guard let someVC = UIStoryboard(name: "Main", bundle: nil).instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "someVC") as? someVC else {
    return
}
someVC.modalPresentationStyle = .overCurrentContext

present(someVC, animated: true, completion: nil)

答案 19 :(得分:1)

在iOS 7和iOS 8上测试的完整方法。

@interface UIViewController (MBOverCurrentContextModalPresenting)

/// @warning Some method of viewControllerToPresent will called twice before iOS 8, e.g. viewWillAppear:.
- (void)MBOverCurrentContextPresentViewController:(UIViewController *)viewControllerToPresent animated:(BOOL)flag completion:(void (^)(void))completion;

@end

@implementation UIViewController (MBOverCurrentContextModalPresenting)

- (void)MBOverCurrentContextPresentViewController:(UIViewController *)viewControllerToPresent animated:(BOOL)flag completion:(void (^)(void))completion {
    UIViewController *presentingVC = self;

    // iOS 8 before
    if (floor(NSFoundationVersionNumber) <= NSFoundationVersionNumber_iOS_7_1) {
        UIViewController *root = presentingVC;
        while (root.parentViewController) {
            root = root.parentViewController;
        }

        [presentingVC presentViewController:viewControllerToPresent animated:YES completion:^{
            [viewControllerToPresent dismissViewControllerAnimated:NO completion:^{
                UIModalPresentationStyle orginalStyle = root.modalPresentationStyle;
                if (orginalStyle != UIModalPresentationCurrentContext) {
                    root.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationCurrentContext;
                }
                [presentingVC presentViewController:viewControllerToPresent animated:NO completion:completion];
                if (orginalStyle != UIModalPresentationCurrentContext) {
                    root.modalPresentationStyle = orginalStyle;
                }
            }];
        }];
        return;
    }

    UIModalPresentationStyle orginalStyle = viewControllerToPresent.modalPresentationStyle;
    if (orginalStyle != UIModalPresentationOverCurrentContext) {
        viewControllerToPresent.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationOverCurrentContext;
    }
    [presentingVC presentViewController:viewControllerToPresent animated:YES completion:completion];
    if (orginalStyle != UIModalPresentationOverCurrentContext) {
        viewControllerToPresent.modalPresentationStyle = orginalStyle;
    }
}

@end

答案 20 :(得分:1)

如果您使用模态segue,请务必将其设置为此图像(如果需要,可以关闭动画)enter image description here

答案 21 :(得分:0)

将导航的modalPresentationStyle设置为UIModalPresentationCustom

并将您呈现的视图控制器的背景颜色设置为清晰的颜色。

答案 22 :(得分:0)

  

登录屏幕是一个模态,意味着它位于上一个屏幕的顶部。到目前为止,我们有模糊背景,但它并没有模糊任何东西;它只是一个灰色的背景。

我们需要正确设置模态。

image link target

  • 首先,我们需要将View Controller的View背景更改为Clear color。它只是意味着它应该是透明的。默认情况下,该视图为白色。

  • 其次,我们需要选择指向“登录”屏幕的“Segue”,并在“属性”检查器中将“演示文稿”设置为“当前上下文”。此选项仅适用于启用自动布局和大小类。

image link target

答案 23 :(得分:0)

在appdelegate中

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
    [[_window rootViewController]setModalPresentationStyle:UIModalPresentationCurrentContext];
    return YES;
}

在您首先查看控制器,您必须从中加载下一个视图:

  NextViewController *customvc = [[NextViewController alloc]init];
    [self presentViewController:customvc animated:YES completion:^{

    }];

在你的nextViewController中,它将被添加为透明:

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
    UIView* backView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.frame];
    backView.backgroundColor = [[UIColor blackColor] colorWithAlphaComponent:0.6];
    [self.view insertSubview:backView atIndex:0];
}