我是Python的新手，我想知道如何在不增加额外空间的情况下打印多个值。我想要输出ab而不是a b，而不必两次致电print：
print("a", end="")
print("b")
另外，我有以下代码：
a = 42
b = 84
我希望将其值打印为a = 42, b = 84，但如果我这样做
print("a = ", a, ", ", b = ", b)
添加了额外的空格（输出a = 42 , b = 84）
而Java风格，
print("a = " + a + ", b = " + b)
提出TypeError。
答案 0 :(得分：22)
您可以使用sep参数来删除空格：
>>> print("a","b","c")
a b c
>>> print("a","b","c",sep="")
abc
我不知道“Java风格”是什么意思;在Python中，你不能以这种方式向（比如说）整数添加字符串，尽管如果a和b是字符串，它将起作用。当然，您还有其他几种选择：
>>> print("a = ", a, ", b = ", b, sep="")
a = 2, b = 3
>>> print("a = " + str(a) + ", b = " + str(b))
a = 2, b = 3
>>> print("a = {}, b = {}".format(a,b))
a = 2, b = 3
>>> print(f"a = {a}, b = {b}")
a = 2, b = 3
最后一个需要Python 3.6或更高版本。对于早期版本，您可以模拟相同的效果（虽然我一般不建议这样做，但它有时会派上用场，并且没有必要假装其他）：
>>> print("a = {a}, b = {b}".format(**locals()))
a = 2, b = 3
>>> print("b = {b}, a = {a}".format(**locals()))
b = 3, a = 2
答案 1 :(得分：0)
您也可以使用
print("%d%d" %(a,b))
打印a和b，不以格式化字符串形式的空格分隔。这与c中的类似。
答案 2 :(得分：0)
print（）函数的实际语法是
print(*objects, sep=' ', end='\n', file=sys.stdout, flush=False)
您可以看到它具有一个参数sep，其默认值为' '。这就是为什么要在两者之间插入空格。
print("United","States") #Output: United States
print("United","States",sep="") #Output: UnitedStates
答案 3 :(得分：0)
print()将自动在参数之间留出空格。
>>> print("a", "b", "c")
a b c
要对间距进行更多控制，可以使用字符串格式：
>>> v0, v1, v2 = "a", "b", "c"
>>> print("%s%s%s" % (v0, v1, v2))
abc
>>> print("%s%s%s".format(v0, v1, v2)
abc
>>> print(f"{v0}{v1}{v2}")
abc
我喜欢以下主题的指南：https://realpython.com/python-f-strings/
答案 4 :(得分：0)
要分隔字符串或值，可以在print（）中使用sep参数
print(a,b,sep='')
答案 5 :(得分：-1)
在this page上，答案是打印正常文本并在最后使用
package com.thread.test;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Folder;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Part;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Store;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
public class ReadMailThread implements Runnable{
private Thread readMailThread;
private String threadName;
public ReadMailThread() {
readMailThread = new Thread(this);
readMailThread.start();
}
public ReadMailThread(String s) {
threadName = s;
System.out.println("creating thread :: "+threadName);
}
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("Thread Started "+threadName);
String saveDirectory = "D:/Ganga/attachment";
Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty("mail.store.protocol", "imaps");
try {
Session session = Session.getInstance(props, null);
Store store = session.getStore();
store.connect("imap.gmail.com", "******@gmail.com", "******");
Folder inbox = store.getFolder("INBOX");
inbox.open(Folder.READ_ONLY);
/* Message msg = inbox.getMessage(inbox.getMessageCount());
System.out.println("Message Size is "+msg.getSize()/1024 +" KB");
System.out.println("Message Size is "+msg.getSize()/1024*1024 +" MB");
Address[] in = msg.getFrom();
for (Address address : in) {
System.out.println("FROM:" + address.toString());
}
Multipart mp = (Multipart) msg.getContent();
BodyPart bp = mp.getBodyPart(0);
System.out.println("SENT DATE:" + msg.getSentDate());
System.out.println("SUBJECT:" + msg.getSubject());
System.out.println("CONTENT:" + bp.getContent());*/
Message[] messages = inbox.getMessages();
for (int i = 0; i < messages.length; i++) {
String contentType = messages[i].getContentType();
String messageContent = "";
String attachFiles = "";
if (contentType.contains("multipart")) {
Multipart multiPart = (Multipart) messages[i].getContent();
int numberOfParts = multiPart.getCount();
for (int partCount = 0; partCount < numberOfParts; partCount++) {
MimeBodyPart part = (MimeBodyPart) multiPart.getBodyPart(partCount);
if (Part.ATTACHMENT.equalsIgnoreCase(part.getDisposition())) {
String fileName = part.getFileName();
attachFiles += fileName + ", ";
part.saveFile(saveDirectory + File.separator + fileName);
} else {
messageContent = part.getContent().toString();
}
}
if (attachFiles.length() > 1) {
attachFiles = attachFiles.substring(0, attachFiles.length() - 2);
}
} else if (contentType.contains("text/plain")
|| contentType.contains("text/html")) {
Object content = messages[i].getContent();
if (content != null) {
messageContent = content.toString();
}
}
/*System.out.println(messages[i].getSize() + " bytes long.");
System.out.println(messages[i].getSize()/1024 + " KB long.");
System.out.println(messages[i].getSize()/1024*1024 + " MB long.");
System.out.println(messages[i].getLineCount() + " lines.");
String disposition = messages[i].getDisposition();
if (disposition == null){
//Do Nothing
}else if (disposition.equals(Part.INLINE)) {
System.out.println("This part should be displayed inline");
} else if (disposition.equals(Part.ATTACHMENT)) {
System.out.println("This part is an attachment");
String fileName = messages[i].getFileName();
System.out.println("The file name of this attachment is " + fileName);
}
String description = messages[i].getDescription();
if (description != null) {
System.out.println("The description of this message is " + description);
}*/
}
inbox.close(false);
} catch (Exception mex) {
mex.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void start(){
if(readMailThread == null){
readMailThread = new Thread(this, threadName);
readMailThread.start();
}
}
}
package com.thread.test;
public class MailTest {
public MailTest() {
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Thread Name :"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
ReadMailThread rmt1=new ReadMailThread("remoteThread1");
ReadMailThread rmt2=new ReadMailThread("remoteThread2");
ReadMailThread rmt3=new ReadMailThread("remoteThread3");
ReadMailThread rmt4=new ReadMailThread("remoteThread4");
ReadMailThread rmt5=new ReadMailThread("remoteThread5");
ReadMailThread rmt6=new ReadMailThread("remoteThread6");
ReadMailThread rmt7=new ReadMailThread("remoteThread7");
ReadMailThread rmt8=new ReadMailThread("remoteThread8");
ReadMailThread rmt9=new ReadMailThread("remoteThread9");
ReadMailThread rmt10=new ReadMailThread("remoteThread10");
rmt1.start();
rmt2.start();
rmt3.start();
rmt4.start();
rmt5.start();
rmt6.start();
rmt7.start();
rmt8.start();
rmt9.start();
rmt10.start();
}
}
package com.equinix.gse.apps.me.tas.app.ec.process.snmp.fivemins;
import com.equinix.gse.apps.me.tas.app.ec.dao.snmp.Snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread;
import com.equinix.gse.apps.me.tas.core.TasException;
import com.equinix.gse.apps.me.tas.core.util.TasConstants;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
* User: vreddy
*/
@Service
public class Snmp5MinsCache {
private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Snmp5MinsCache.class);
private static final String CLASS_NAME="Snmp5MinsCache";
private static final String SNMP5MINSDATABASEREADTHREAD="snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread";
@Autowired
private ApplicationContext ac;
public Map<String,Long> getCache() throws TasException{
ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(TasConstants.THREAD_POOL_SIZE);
int startCounter = 1;
int endCounter = TasConstants.SNMP_EXDB_BATCH_SIZE;
StringBuilder query = new StringBuilder();
query.append("select CUSTOMER_PORT_ID,IF_INDEX,SWITCH_NAME from (" );
query.append("select CUSTOMER_PORT_ID,IF_INDEX,SWITCH_NAME, ");
query.append("row_number() over (order by CUSTOMER_PORT_ID )r from IXP_PARTICIPANT_VIEW ");
query.append("where PRODUCT_SHORT_NAME ='EC' ) where IF_INDEX is not null and ");
StringBuilder countQuery = new StringBuilder();
countQuery.append("select count(*) from (" );
countQuery.append("select CUSTOMER_PORT_ID,IF_INDEX,SWITCH_NAME, ");
countQuery.append("row_number() over (order by CUSTOMER_PORT_ID )r from IXP_PARTICIPANT_VIEW ");
countQuery.append("where PRODUCT_SHORT_NAME ='EC' ) where IF_INDEX is not null");
Map<String,Long> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Long>();
BasicDataSource dataSource = (BasicDataSource)ac.getBean(TasConstants.DATA_SOURCE);
int recordCount = 0;
Connection conn = null;
ResultSet resultSet = null;
try {
conn = dataSource.getConnection();
resultSet = conn.createStatement().executeQuery(countQuery.toString());
resultSet.next();
recordCount = resultSet.getInt(1);
int timeToExecute= recordCount>0?(recordCount/TasConstants.SNMP_EXDB_BATCH_SIZE)+1:0;
for (int i = 0; i < timeToExecute ; i++) {
StringBuilder prepareWhereClass = new StringBuilder();
prepareWhereClass.append(" r >= ");
prepareWhereClass.append(startCounter);
prepareWhereClass.append(" and r <= ");
prepareWhereClass.append(endCounter);
Snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread dbRead = (Snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread) ac.getBean(SNMP5MINSDATABASEREADTHREAD);
((Snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread)dbRead).setMap(map);
((Snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread)dbRead).setQuery(query.toString() + prepareWhereClass.toString());
((Snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread)dbRead).setDataSource(dataSource);
Runnable worker = dbRead;
executor.execute(worker);
startCounter = endCounter + 1;
endCounter = endCounter + TasConstants.SNMP_EXDB_BATCH_SIZE;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage(),e);
throw new TasException(CLASS_NAME, TasConstants.METHOD_GETCACHE,e.getMessage(),e);
} finally {
try {
resultSet.close();
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage(),e);
throw new TasException(CLASS_NAME, TasConstants.METHOD_GETCACHE,e.getMessage(),e);
}
}
executor.shutdown();
while (!executor.isTerminated()) {
logger.info("Waiting to process all the thread");
}
logger.info("SNMP 5 mins cache size "+map.size());
return map;
}
}
===========================================
package com.equinix.gse.apps.me.tas.app.ec.process.snmp.fivemins;
import com.equinix.gse.apps.me.tas.app.ec.dao.snmp.Snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread;
import com.equinix.gse.apps.me.tas.core.TasException;
import com.equinix.gse.apps.me.tas.core.util.TasConstants;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
* User: vreddy
*/
@Service
public class Snmp5MinsCache {
private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Snmp5MinsCache.class);
private static final String CLASS_NAME="Snmp5MinsCache";
private static final String SNMP5MINSDATABASEREADTHREAD="snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread";
@Autowired
private ApplicationContext ac;
public Map<String,Long> getCache() throws TasException{
ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(TasConstants.THREAD_POOL_SIZE);
int startCounter = 1;
int endCounter = TasConstants.SNMP_EXDB_BATCH_SIZE;
StringBuilder query = new StringBuilder();
query.append("select CUSTOMER_PORT_ID,IF_INDEX,SWITCH_NAME from (" );
query.append("select CUSTOMER_PORT_ID,IF_INDEX,SWITCH_NAME, ");
query.append("row_number() over (order by CUSTOMER_PORT_ID )r from IXP_PARTICIPANT_VIEW ");
query.append("where PRODUCT_SHORT_NAME ='EC' ) where IF_INDEX is not null and ");
StringBuilder countQuery = new StringBuilder();
countQuery.append("select count(*) from (" );
countQuery.append("select CUSTOMER_PORT_ID,IF_INDEX,SWITCH_NAME, ");
countQuery.append("row_number() over (order by CUSTOMER_PORT_ID )r from IXP_PARTICIPANT_VIEW ");
countQuery.append("where PRODUCT_SHORT_NAME ='EC' ) where IF_INDEX is not null");
Map<String,Long> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Long>();
BasicDataSource dataSource = (BasicDataSource)ac.getBean(TasConstants.DATA_SOURCE);
int recordCount = 0;
Connection conn = null;
ResultSet resultSet = null;
try {
conn = dataSource.getConnection();
resultSet = conn.createStatement().executeQuery(countQuery.toString());
resultSet.next();
recordCount = resultSet.getInt(1);
int timeToExecute= recordCount>0?(recordCount/TasConstants.SNMP_EXDB_BATCH_SIZE)+1:0;
for (int i = 0; i < timeToExecute ; i++) {
StringBuilder prepareWhereClass = new StringBuilder();
prepareWhereClass.append(" r >= ");
prepareWhereClass.append(startCounter);
prepareWhereClass.append(" and r <= ");
prepareWhereClass.append(endCounter);
Snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread dbRead = (Snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread) ac.getBean(SNMP5MINSDATABASEREADTHREAD);
((Snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread)dbRead).setMap(map);
((Snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread)dbRead).setQuery(query.toString() + prepareWhereClass.toString());
((Snmp5MinsDatabaseReadThread)dbRead).setDataSource(dataSource);
Runnable worker = dbRead;
executor.execute(worker);
startCounter = endCounter + 1;
endCounter = endCounter + TasConstants.SNMP_EXDB_BATCH_SIZE;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage(),e);
throw new TasException(CLASS_NAME, TasConstants.METHOD_GETCACHE,e.getMessage(),e);
} finally {
try {
resultSet.close();
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage(),e);
throw new TasException(CLASS_NAME, TasConstants.METHOD_GETCACHE,e.getMessage(),e);
}
}
executor.shutdown();
while (!executor.isTerminated()) {
logger.info("Waiting to process all the thread");
}
logger.info("SNMP 5 mins cache size "+map.size());
return map;
}
}
。
所以命令
sep=""将给出
print("Hole", hole, "Par", par, sep="")
假设"Hole1Par4"
和hole==1。