如何将整个InputStream
读入字节数组?
答案 0 :(得分:1044)
您可以使用Apache Commons IO来处理此类和类似的任务。
IOUtils
类型有静态方法来阅读InputStream
并返回byte[]
。
InputStream is;
byte[] bytes = IOUtils.toByteArray(is);
在内部创建ByteArrayOutputStream
并将字节复制到输出,然后调用toByteArray()
。它通过复制4KiB块中的字节来处理大文件。
答案 1 :(得分:422)
您需要阅读InputStream
中的每个字节并将其写入ByteArrayOutputStream
。然后,您可以通过调用toByteArray()
来检索基础字节数组; e.g。
InputStream is = ...
ByteArrayOutputStream buffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int nRead;
byte[] data = new byte[16384];
while ((nRead = is.read(data, 0, data.length)) != -1) {
buffer.write(data, 0, nRead);
}
return buffer.toByteArray();
答案 2 :(得分:248)
最后,经过二十年,有一个简单的解决方案,无需第三方库,感谢Java 9:
InputStream is;
…
byte[] array = is.readAllBytes();
另请注意便利方法readNBytes(byte[] b, int off, int len)
和transferTo(OutputStream)
解决重复需求。
答案 3 :(得分:119)
使用vanilla Java的DataInputStream
及其readFully
方法(至少从Java 1.4开始存在):
...
byte[] bytes = new byte[(int) file.length()];
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
dis.readFully(bytes);
...
这种方法还有其他一些风格,但我一直都在使用这个用例。
答案 4 :(得分:113)
如果你碰巧使用google guava,它就会像以下一样简单:
byte[] bytes = ByteStreams.toByteArray(inputStream);
答案 5 :(得分:37)
public static byte[] getBytesFromInputStream(InputStream is) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[0xFFFF];
for (int len = is.read(buffer); len != -1; len = is.read(buffer)) {
os.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
return os.toByteArray();
}
答案 6 :(得分:35)
与往常一样,Spring framework(自3.2.2以来的spring-core)也有适合你的东西:StreamUtils.copyToByteArray()
答案 7 :(得分:20)
您真的需要图片byte[]
吗?您对byte[]
的期望是什么 - 图像文件的完整内容,以图像文件所处的格式编码,还是RGB像素值?
此处的其他答案显示如何将文件读入byte[]
。您的byte[]
将包含文件的确切内容,您需要对其进行解码以对图像数据执行任何操作。
Java用于读取(和写入)图像的标准API是ImageIO API,您可以在包javax.imageio
中找到它。您只需一行代码即可从文件中读取图像:
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(new File("image.jpg"));
这会为您提供BufferedImage
,而不是byte[]
。要获取图片数据,您可以在getRaster()
上致电BufferedImage
。这将为您提供一个Raster
对象,该对象具有访问像素数据的方法(它有多种getPixel()
/ getPixels()
方法。)
查找javax.imageio.ImageIO
,java.awt.image.BufferedImage
,java.awt.image.Raster
等的API文档。
默认情况下,ImageIO支持多种图像格式:JPEG,PNG,BMP,WBMP和GIF。可以添加对更多格式的支持(您需要一个实现ImageIO服务提供程序接口的插件)。
另请参阅以下教程:Working with Images
答案 8 :(得分:14)
如果您不想使用Apache commons-io库,则此片段取自sun.misc.IOUtils类。它的速度几乎是使用ByteBuffers的常见实现的两倍:
public static byte[] readFully(InputStream is, int length, boolean readAll)
throws IOException {
byte[] output = {};
if (length == -1) length = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
int pos = 0;
while (pos < length) {
int bytesToRead;
if (pos >= output.length) { // Only expand when there's no room
bytesToRead = Math.min(length - pos, output.length + 1024);
if (output.length < pos + bytesToRead) {
output = Arrays.copyOf(output, pos + bytesToRead);
}
} else {
bytesToRead = output.length - pos;
}
int cc = is.read(output, pos, bytesToRead);
if (cc < 0) {
if (readAll && length != Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
throw new EOFException("Detect premature EOF");
} else {
if (output.length != pos) {
output = Arrays.copyOf(output, pos);
}
break;
}
}
pos += cc;
}
return output;
}
答案 9 :(得分:13)
如果某人仍在寻找没有依赖关系的解决方案,如果您有文件。
1)DataInputStream
byte[] data = new byte[(int) file.length()];
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
dis.readFully(data);
dis.close();
2)ByteArrayOutputStream
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
ByteArrayOutputStream buffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int nRead;
byte[] data = new byte[(int) file.length()];
while ((nRead = is.read(data, 0, data.length)) != -1) {
buffer.write(data, 0, nRead);
}
3)RandomAccessFile
RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "r");
byte[] data = new byte[(int) raf.length()];
raf.readFully(data);
答案 10 :(得分:9)
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while (true) {
int r = in.read(buffer);
if (r == -1) break;
out.write(buffer, 0, r);
}
byte[] ret = out.toByteArray();
答案 11 :(得分:8)
@Adamski:你可以完全避免缓冲。
从http://www.exampledepot.com/egs/java.io/File2ByteArray.html复制的代码(是的,它非常详细,但需要的内存大小只是其他解决方案的一半。)
// Returns the contents of the file in a byte array.
public static byte[] getBytesFromFile(File file) throws IOException {
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
// Get the size of the file
long length = file.length();
// You cannot create an array using a long type.
// It needs to be an int type.
// Before converting to an int type, check
// to ensure that file is not larger than Integer.MAX_VALUE.
if (length > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
// File is too large
}
// Create the byte array to hold the data
byte[] bytes = new byte[(int)length];
// Read in the bytes
int offset = 0;
int numRead = 0;
while (offset < bytes.length
&& (numRead=is.read(bytes, offset, bytes.length-offset)) >= 0) {
offset += numRead;
}
// Ensure all the bytes have been read in
if (offset < bytes.length) {
throw new IOException("Could not completely read file "+file.getName());
}
// Close the input stream and return bytes
is.close();
return bytes;
}
答案 12 :(得分:8)
Input Stream is ...
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int next = in.read();
while (next > -1) {
bos.write(next);
next = in.read();
}
bos.flush();
byte[] result = bos.toByteArray();
bos.close();
答案 13 :(得分:6)
安全解决方案(具有正确的close
流功能):
Java 9+版本:
final byte[] bytes;
try (inputStream) {
bytes = inputStream.readAllBytes();
}
Java 8版本:
public static byte[] readAllBytes(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
final int bufLen = 4 * 0x400; // 4KB
byte[] buf = new byte[bufLen];
int readLen;
IOException exception = null;
try {
try (ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
while ((readLen = inputStream.read(buf, 0, bufLen)) != -1)
outputStream.write(buf, 0, readLen);
return outputStream.toByteArray();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
exception = e;
throw e;
} finally {
if (exception == null) inputStream.close();
else try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
exception.addSuppressed(e);
}
}
}
Kotlin 版本(无法访问Java 9+时):
@Throws(IOException::class)
fun InputStream.readAllBytes(): ByteArray {
val bufLen = 4 * 0x400 // 4KB
val buf = ByteArray(bufLen)
var readLen: Int = 0
ByteArrayOutputStream().use { o ->
this.use { i ->
while (i.read(buf, 0, bufLen).also { readLen = it } != -1)
o.write(buf, 0, readLen)
}
return o.toByteArray()
}
}
为避免嵌套use
,请参见here。
答案 14 :(得分:3)
Java 9将为您提供一个很好的方法:
InputStream in = ...;
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
in.transferTo( bos );
byte[] bytes = bos.toByteArray();
答案 15 :(得分:2)
我知道为时已晚,但我认为这是更清晰易懂的解决方案......
/**
* method converts {@link InputStream} Object into byte[] array.
*
* @param stream the {@link InputStream} Object.
* @return the byte[] array representation of received {@link InputStream} Object.
* @throws IOException if an error occurs.
*/
public static byte[] streamToByteArray(InputStream stream) throws IOException {
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int line = 0;
// read bytes from stream, and store them in buffer
while ((line = stream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
// Writes bytes from byte array (buffer) into output stream.
os.write(buffer, 0, line);
}
stream.close();
os.flush();
os.close();
return os.toByteArray();
}
答案 16 :(得分:1)
我尝试编辑@ numan的答案,修复了编写垃圾数据但编辑被拒绝了。虽然这段简短的代码没什么了不起的,但我看不到任何其他更好的答案。这是对我最有意义的:
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; // you can configure the buffer size
int length;
while ((length = in.read(buffer)) != -1) out.write(buffer, 0, length); //copy streams
in.close(); // call this in a finally block
byte[] result = out.toByteArray();
btw不需要关闭ByteArrayOutputStream。为了便于阅读,省略了try / finally结构
答案 17 :(得分:1)
Java 7及更高版本:
import sun.misc.IOUtils;
...
InputStream in = ...;
byte[] buf = IOUtils.readFully(in, -1, false);
答案 18 :(得分:1)
Java 8方式(感谢 BufferedReader 和Adam Bien)
private static byte[] readFully(InputStream input) throws IOException {
try (BufferedReader buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input))) {
return buffer.lines().collect(Collectors.joining("\n")).getBytes(<charset_can_be_specified>);
}
}
注意此解决方案会擦除回车('\ r')并且可能不合适。
答案 19 :(得分:1)
请参阅InputStream.available()
文档:
特别重要的是要意识到你不能使用它 调整容器大小的方法,并假设您可以阅读整个容器 无需调整容器大小的流。这样的来电者 应该把他们读到的所有东西写成ByteArrayOutputStream 并将其转换为字节数组。或者,如果您正在阅读 File.length从文件中返回文件的当前长度 (虽然假设文件的长度无法改变可能不正确, 阅读文件本质上很有趣。)
答案 20 :(得分:0)
您可以尝试Cactoos:
byte[] array = new BytesOf(stream).bytes();
答案 21 :(得分:0)
在将S3对象转换为ByteArray时,我们看到一些AWS事务有些延迟。
注意:S3对象是PDF文档(最大大小为3 mb)。
我们使用选项#1(org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils)将S3对象转换为ByteArray。我们注意到S3提供了内部IOUtils方法将S3对象转换为ByteArray,我们要求您确认将S3对象转换为ByteArray的最佳方法是什么,以避免延迟。
选项#1:
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
is = s3object.getObjectContent();
content =IOUtils.toByteArray(is);
选项#2:
import com.amazonaws.util.IOUtils;
is = s3object.getObjectContent();
content =IOUtils.toByteArray(is);
另请告诉我们,如果我们有更好的方法将s3对象转换为bytearray
答案 22 :(得分:0)
没有第三方依赖的科特琳一线客:
var arr: ByteArray = stream.bufferedReader().use(BufferedReader::readText).toByteArray()
(我意识到问题是关于Java的,但是现在有很多人正在将它与Kotlin进行混合和匹配。)
答案 23 :(得分:0)
Kotlin中的解决方案(当然也可以在Java中工作),其中包括两种情况,无论您是否知道大小:
fun InputStream.readBytesWithSize(size: Long): ByteArray? {
return when {
size < 0L -> this.readBytes()
size == 0L -> ByteArray(0)
size > Int.MAX_VALUE -> null
else -> {
val sizeInt = size.toInt()
val result = ByteArray(sizeInt)
readBytesIntoByteArray(result, sizeInt)
result
}
}
}
fun InputStream.readBytesIntoByteArray(byteArray: ByteArray,bytesToRead:Int=byteArray.size) {
var offset = 0
while (true) {
val read = this.read(byteArray, offset, bytesToRead - offset)
if (read == -1)
break
offset += read
if (offset >= bytesToRead)
break
}
}
如果知道大小,那么与其他解决方案相比,它使您节省了两倍的内存(虽然很快,但是仍然很有用)。这是因为您必须读取整个流的末尾,然后将其转换为字节数组(类似于ArrayList,后者仅转换为数组)。
因此,例如,如果您使用的是Android设备,并且要处理一些Uri,则可以尝试使用以下方法获取大小:
fun getStreamLengthFromUri(context: Context, uri: Uri): Long {
context.contentResolver.query(uri, arrayOf(MediaStore.MediaColumns.SIZE), null, null, null)?.use {
if (!it.moveToNext())
return@use
val fileSize = it.getLong(it.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.MediaColumns.SIZE))
if (fileSize > 0)
return fileSize
}
//if you wish, you can also get the file-path from the uri here, and then try to get its size, using this: https://stackoverflow.com/a/61835665/878126
FileUtilEx.getFilePathFromUri(context, uri, false)?.use {
val file = it.file
val fileSize = file.length()
if (fileSize > 0)
return fileSize
}
context.contentResolver.openInputStream(uri)?.use { inputStream ->
if (inputStream is FileInputStream)
return inputStream.channel.size()
else {
var bytesCount = 0L
while (true) {
val available = inputStream.available()
if (available == 0)
break
val skip = inputStream.skip(available.toLong())
if (skip < 0)
break
bytesCount += skip
}
if (bytesCount > 0L)
return bytesCount
}
}
return -1L
}
答案 24 :(得分:0)
您可以将cactoos库与提供可重用的object-oriented Java组件一起使用。 该库强调OOP,因此没有静态方法,NULL等,仅real objects及其协定(接口)。 像这样读取InputStream即可完成一个简单的操作
final InputStream input = ...;
final Bytes bytes = new BytesOf(input);
final byte[] array = bytes.asBytes();
Assert.assertArrayEquals(
array,
new byte[]{65, 66, 67}
);
具有专用类型Bytes
用于处理数据结构byte[]
,使我们能够使用OOP策略来解决手头的任务。
程序上的“实用程序”方法会禁止我们这样做。
例如,您需要将从InputStream
读取的字节编码为Base64。
在这种情况下,您将使用Decorator pattern并将Bytes对象包装在Base64的实现中。
cactoos已经提供了这样的实现:
final Bytes encoded = new BytesBase64(
new BytesOf(
new InputStreamOf("XYZ")
)
);
Assert.assertEquals(new TextOf(encoded).asString(), "WFla");
您可以使用装饰器模式以相同的方式对其进行解码
final Bytes decoded = new Base64Bytes(
new BytesBase64(
new BytesOf(
new InputStreamOf("XYZ")
)
)
);
Assert.assertEquals(new TextOf(decoded).asString(), "XYZ");
无论您执行什么任务,您都可以创建自己的Bytes
实现来解决它。
答案 25 :(得分:0)
在新版本中,
IOUtils.readAllBytes(inputStream)
答案 26 :(得分:0)
如果出于某种原因离开桌面,请将其包装在DataInputStream中,只需使用read来敲击它,直到它为您提供-1或您要求的整个块。
public int readFully(InputStream in, byte[] data) throws IOException {
int offset = 0;
int bytesRead;
boolean read = false;
while ((bytesRead = in.read(data, offset, data.length - offset)) != -1) {
read = true;
offset += bytesRead;
if (offset >= data.length) {
break;
}
}
return (read) ? offset : -1;
}
答案 27 :(得分:0)
这是我的复制粘贴版本:
<script type="text/javascript">
var TextLimitController= function ($scope) {
$scope.message = '';
$scope.remaining = function (countryPopulation) {
return 100 - $scope.message.length;
};
};
</script>
答案 28 :(得分:0)
我用它。
public static byte[] toByteArray(InputStream is) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
try {
byte[] b = new byte[4096];
int n = 0;
while ((n = is.read(b)) != -1) {
output.write(b, 0, n);
}
return output.toByteArray();
} finally {
output.close();
}
}
答案 29 :(得分:0)
如果您使用ByteArrayOutputStream,则需要执行额外的副本。如果您在开始读取之前知道流的长度(例如,InputStream实际上是FileInputStream,您可以在文件上调用file.length(),或者InputStream是zipfile条目InputStream,您可以调用zipEntry。 length()),那么直接写入byte []数组会好得多 - 它占用了一半的内存,节省了时间。
// Read the file contents into a byte[] array
byte[] buf = new byte[inputStreamLength];
int bytesRead = Math.max(0, inputStream.read(buf));
// If needed: for safety, truncate the array if the file may somehow get
// truncated during the read operation
byte[] contents = bytesRead == inputStreamLength ? buf
: Arrays.copyOf(buf, bytesRead);
N.B。上面的最后一行处理在读取流时被截断的文件,如果你需要处理这种可能性,但是如果文件在读取流时更长,则字节中的内容[ ]数组不会被加长以包含新文件内容,数组将被简单地截断为旧的长度 inputStreamLength 。
答案 30 :(得分:0)
另一种情况是在向服务器发送请求并等待响应后,通过流获取正确的字节数组。
/**
* Begin setup TCP connection to PC app
* to open integrate connection between mobile app and pc app (or mobile app)
*/
mSocket = new Socket(IP, port);
// mSocket.setSoTimeout(30000);
DataOutputStream mDos = new DataOutputStream(mSocket.getOutputStream());
String str = "MobileRequest#" + params[0] + "#<EOF>";
mDos.write(str.getBytes());
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/* Since data are accepted as byte, all of them will be collected in the
following byte array which initialised with accepted data length. */
DataInputStream mDis = new DataInputStream(mSocket.getInputStream());
byte[] data = new byte[mDis.available()];
// Collecting data into byte array
for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++)
data[i] = mDis.readByte();
// Converting collected data in byte array into String.
String RESPONSE = new String(data);
答案 31 :(得分:0)
这是一个优化版本,它试图尽可能避免复制数据字节:
private static byte[] loadStream (InputStream stream) throws IOException {
int available = stream.available();
int expectedSize = available > 0 ? available : -1;
return loadStream(stream, expectedSize);
}
private static byte[] loadStream (InputStream stream, int expectedSize) throws IOException {
int basicBufferSize = 0x4000;
int initialBufferSize = (expectedSize >= 0) ? expectedSize : basicBufferSize;
byte[] buf = new byte[initialBufferSize];
int pos = 0;
while (true) {
if (pos == buf.length) {
int readAhead = -1;
if (pos == expectedSize) {
readAhead = stream.read(); // test whether EOF is at expectedSize
if (readAhead == -1) {
return buf;
}
}
int newBufferSize = Math.max(2 * buf.length, basicBufferSize);
buf = Arrays.copyOf(buf, newBufferSize);
if (readAhead != -1) {
buf[pos++] = (byte)readAhead;
}
}
int len = stream.read(buf, pos, buf.length - pos);
if (len < 0) {
return Arrays.copyOf(buf, pos);
}
pos += len;
}
}
答案 32 :(得分:-1)
这对我有用,
if(inputStream != null){
ByteArrayOutputStream contentStream = readSourceContent(inputStream);
String stringContent = contentStream.toString();
byte[] byteArr = encodeString(stringContent);
}
readSourceContent()
public static ByteArrayOutputStream readSourceContent(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int nextChar;
try {
while ((nextChar = inputStream.read()) != -1) {
outputStream.write(nextChar);
}
outputStream.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new IOException("Exception occurred while reading content", e);
}
return outputStream;
}
encodeString()
public static byte[] encodeString(String content) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
byte[] bytes;
try {
bytes = content.getBytes();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
String msg = ENCODING + " is unsupported encoding type";
log.error(msg,e);
throw new UnsupportedEncodingException(msg, e);
}
return bytes;
}
答案 33 :(得分:-1)
/*InputStream class_InputStream = null;
I am reading class from DB
class_InputStream = rs.getBinaryStream(1);
Your Input stream could be from any source
*/
int thisLine;
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
while ((thisLine = class_InputStream.read()) != -1) {
bos.write(thisLine);
}
bos.flush();
byte [] yourBytes = bos.toByteArray();
/*Don't forget in the finally block to close ByteArrayOutputStream & InputStream
In my case the IS is from resultset so just closing the rs will do it*/
if (bos != null){
bos.close();
}
答案 34 :(得分:-1)
代码
public static byte[] serializeObj(Object obj) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream baOStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ObjectOutputStream objOStream = new ObjectOutputStream(baOStream);
objOStream.writeObject(obj);
objOStream.flush();
objOStream.close();
return baOStream.toByteArray();
}
OR
BufferedImage img = ...
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(1000);
ImageIO.write(img, "jpeg", baos);
baos.flush();
byte[] result = baos.toByteArray();
baos.close();