我正在尝试使用C ++解析INI文件。关于什么是实现这一目标的最佳方法的任何提示?我是否应该使用Windows API工具进行INI文件处理(我完全不熟悉),一个开源解决方案或尝试手动解析它?
答案 0 :(得分:113)
如果您需要跨平台解决方案,请尝试使用Boost的Program Options库。
答案 1 :(得分:110)
您可以使用Windows API函数,例如GetPrivateProfileString()和GetPrivateProfileInt()。
答案 2 :(得分:22)
我从未解析过ini文件,所以我不能在这个问题上过于具体。
但我有一个建议:
只要现有产品符合您的要求,就不要重新发明轮子
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INI_file#Accessing_INI_files
http://sdl-cfg.sourceforge.net/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/libini/
http://www.codeproject.com/KB/files/config-file-parser.aspx
答案 3 :(得分:16)
我使用SimpleIni。它是跨平台的。
答案 4 :(得分:15)
如果您已经在使用Qt
QSettings my_settings("filename.ini", QSettings::IniFormat);
然后读取值
my_settings.value("GroupName/ValueName", <<DEFAULT_VAL>>).toInt()
还有许多其他转换器可将INI值转换为标准类型和Qt类型。有关详细信息,请参阅QSettings上的Qt文档。
答案 5 :(得分:8)
使用simpleIni很容易阅读。这是一个例子:
#include "SimpleIni\SimpleIni.h"
CSimpleIniA ini;
ini.SetUnicode();
ini.LoadFile(FileName);
const char * pVal = ini.GetValue(section, entry, DefaultStr);
答案 6 :(得分:5)
inih是一个用C编写的简单ini解析器,它也带有C ++包装器。用法示例:
#include "INIReader.h"
INIReader reader("test.ini");
std::cout << "version="
<< reader.GetInteger("protocol", "version", -1) << ", name="
<< reader.Get("user", "name", "UNKNOWN") << ", active="
<< reader.GetBoolean("user", "active", true) << "\n";
作者还有一个现有图书馆列表here。
答案 7 :(得分:4)
你试过libconfig;非常类似JSON的语法。我比XML配置文件更喜欢它。
答案 8 :(得分:3)
如果您对平台可移植性感兴趣,还可以尝试Boost.PropertyTree。它支持ini作为持久性格式,但属性树只有1级深度。
答案 9 :(得分:2)
除非您计划跨平台制作应用,否则使用Windows API调用将是最佳方式。只需忽略API文档中关于仅为16位应用程序兼容性提供的注释。
答案 10 :(得分:1)
也许是一个迟到的答案..但是,值得了解选项..如果你需要一个跨平台的解决方案,绝对可以尝试GLIB,它有趣..(https://developer.gnome.org/glib/stable/glib-Key-value-file-parser.html)
答案 11 :(得分:0)
我知道这个问题已经很老了,但是我发现它是因为我需要一些跨平台的linux,win32 ...我写了下面的函数,它是一个可以解析INI文件的单个函数,希望其他人会发现它很有用。
规则&amp;注意事项: 要解析的buf必须是以NULL结尾的字符串。将您的ini文件加载到char数组字符串中并调用此函数来解析它。 节名称必须在它们周围有[]括号,例如[MySection],值和节必须从没有前导空格的行开始。它将使用Windows \ r \ n或Linux \ n行结尾解析文件。注释应使用#或//并从文件顶部开始,不应将注释与INI条目数据混合。从返回字符串的两端修剪引号和刻度。如果空格不在报价范围内,则仅对其进行修剪。字符串不需要有引号,如果缺少引号,则会修剪空格。您还可以提取数字或其他数据,例如,如果您有一个浮点数,只需在ret缓冲区上执行atof(ret)。
// -----note: no escape is nessesary for inner quotes or ticks-----
// -----------------------------example----------------------------
// [Entry2]
// Alignment = 1
// LightLvl=128
// Library = 5555
// StrValA = Inner "quoted" or 'quoted' strings are ok to use
// StrValB = "This a "quoted" or 'quoted' String Value"
// StrValC = 'This a "tick" or 'tick' String Value'
// StrValD = "Missing quote at end will still work
// StrValE = This is another "quote" example
// StrValF = " Spaces inside the quote are preserved "
// StrValG = This works too and spaces are trimmed away
// StrValH =
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
//12oClocker super lean and mean INI file parser (with section support)
//set section to 0 to disable section support
//returns TRUE if we were able to extract a string into ret value
//NextSection is a char* pointer, will be set to zero if no next section is found
//will be set to pointer of next section if it was found.
//use it like this... char* NextSection = 0; GrabIniValue(X,X,X,X,X,&NextSection);
//buf is data to parse, ret is the user supplied return buffer
BOOL GrabIniValue(char* buf, const char* section, const char* valname, char* ret, int retbuflen, char** NextSection)
{
if(!buf){*ret=0; return FALSE;}
char* s = buf; //search starts at "s" pointer
char* e = 0; //end of section pointer
//find section
if(section)
{
int L = strlen(section);
SearchAgain1:
s = strstr(s,section); if(!s){*ret=0; return FALSE;} //find section
if(s > buf && (*(s-1))!='\n'){s+=L; goto SearchAgain1;} //section must be at begining of a line!
s+=L; //found section, skip past section name
while(*s!='\n'){s++;} s++; //spin until next line, s is now begining of section data
e = strstr(s,"\n["); //find begining of next section or end of file
if(e){*e=0;} //if we found begining of next section, null the \n so we don't search past section
if(NextSection) //user passed in a NextSection pointer
{ if(e){*NextSection=(e+1);}else{*NextSection=0;} } //set pointer to next section
}
//restore char at end of section, ret=empty_string, return FALSE
#define RESTORE_E if(e){*e='\n';}
#define SAFE_RETURN RESTORE_E; (*ret)=0; return FALSE
//find valname
int L = strlen(valname);
SearchAgain2:
s = strstr(s,valname); if(!s){SAFE_RETURN;} //find valname
if(s > buf && (*(s-1))!='\n'){s+=L; goto SearchAgain2;} //valname must be at begining of a line!
s+=L; //found valname match, skip past it
while(*s==' ' || *s == '\t'){s++;} //skip spaces and tabs
if(!(*s)){SAFE_RETURN;} //if NULL encounted do safe return
if(*s != '='){goto SearchAgain2;} //no equal sign found after valname, search again
s++; //skip past the equal sign
while(*s==' ' || *s=='\t'){s++;} //skip spaces and tabs
while(*s=='\"' || *s=='\''){s++;} //skip past quotes and ticks
if(!(*s)){SAFE_RETURN;} //if NULL encounted do safe return
char* E = s; //s is now the begining of the valname data
while(*E!='\r' && *E!='\n' && *E!=0){E++;} E--; //find end of line or end of string, then backup 1 char
while(E > s && (*E==' ' || *E=='\t')){E--;} //move backwards past spaces and tabs
while(E > s && (*E=='\"' || *E=='\'')){E--;} //move backwards past quotes and ticks
L = E-s+1; //length of string to extract NOT including NULL
if(L<1 || L+1 > retbuflen){SAFE_RETURN;} //empty string or buffer size too small
strncpy(ret,s,L); //copy the string
ret[L]=0; //null last char on return buffer
RESTORE_E;
return TRUE;
#undef RESTORE_E
#undef SAFE_RETURN
}
如何使用......示例....
char sFileData[] = "[MySection]\r\n"
"MyValue1 = 123\r\n"
"MyValue2 = 456\r\n"
"MyValue3 = 789\r\n"
"\r\n"
"[MySection]\r\n"
"MyValue1 = Hello1\r\n"
"MyValue2 = Hello2\r\n"
"MyValue3 = Hello3\r\n"
"\r\n";
char str[256];
char* sSec = sFileData;
char secName[] = "[MySection]"; //we support sections with same name
while(sSec)//while we have a valid sNextSec
{
//print values of the sections
char* next=0;//in case we dont have any sucessful grabs
if(GrabIniValue(sSec,secName,"MyValue1",str,sizeof(str),&next)) { printf("MyValue1 = [%s]\n",str); }
if(GrabIniValue(sSec,secName,"MyValue2",str,sizeof(str),0)) { printf("MyValue2 = [%s]\n",str); }
if(GrabIniValue(sSec,secName,"MyValue3",str,sizeof(str),0)) { printf("MyValue3 = [%s]\n",str); }
printf("\n");
sSec = next; //parse next section, next will be null if no more sections to parse
}
答案 12 :(得分:0)