Question

我得到的程序的输出数据文件看起来像这样，每个时间步都有多行：

0.0000E+00   0.0000E+00   0.0000E+00   0.0000E+00   0.0000E+00   0.0000E+00 \n   0.0000E+00   0.0000E+00   0.0000E+00   0.0000E+00
7.9819E-06   1.7724E-02   2.3383E-02   3.0048E-02   3.8603E-02   4.9581E-02 \n  5.6635E-02   4.9991E-02   3.9052E-02   3.0399E-02
....

我想在十列中安排

我已经制作了一个Python脚本，使用正则表达式删除正确行中的\ n，但我认为应该有一个更简单更优雅的方法来做，这是我的脚本：

import re

with open('inputfile', encoding='utf-8') as file1:
       datai=file1.read()

dataf=re.sub(r'(?P<nomb>(   \d\.\d\d\d\dE.\d\d){8})\n','\g<nomb>',datai)

with open('result.txt',mode='w',encoding='utf-8') as resultfile:
        resultfile.write(datof)

Answer 1

你可以试试一个简单的

single_list = []
with open(your_file) as f:
    for line in f.readlines():
        single_list.extend(line.rstrip().split())

list_of_rows = [single_list[i*10:i*10+10] for i in range(len(single_list)//10)]

with open(output_file) as f:
    for line in list_of_rows:
        f.write(' '.join(line) + '\n')

如果您的所有数据都可以作为单个字符串读取（使用data = f.read()），您还可以：

merged_data = data.replace("\n", " ")
single_list = merged_data.split()

并使用single_list，如上所述。

如果输入文件很大并且创建临时列表存在内存问题，您可以尝试类似：

    with open(input_file,'r') as inpf, open(output_file,'w') as outf:
        writable = []
        for line in input_file:
            row = line.rstrip().split()
            writable.extend(row)
            while len(writable) >= 10:
                outf.write(" ".join(writable[:10]) + "\n")
                writable = writable[10:]

Answer 2

您可以在每一行（或一组留言）上使用split()生成一个包含每个数字的字符串列表，使用<string>.join(<list_of_numbers>)将它们连接到一个新行。

Answer 3

您可以创建一个字典来将数据存储在类似结构的列中：

with open('inputfile', encoding='utf-8') as file1:
      in_f=file1.readlines()
arr = [line.strip().split('   ') for line in in_f] # or is it a tab that separates the  values?
# create an empty dict
db = {}

# use the index of the elements as a key
for i in range(len(arr[0])):
    db[i]=[]

# loop through first through the lists, then 
# iterate over the elements... 
for line in arr:
    for i,element in enumerate(line):
        db[i].append(element)

输出：

>>> db {0: ['0.0000E+00', '7.9819E-06'], 1: ['0.0000E+00', '1.7724E-02'], 2: ['0.0000E+00','2.3383E-02'], 3: ['0.0000E+00', '3.0048E-02'], 4: ['0.0000E+00', '3.8603E-02'], 5: ['0.0000E+00', '4.9581E-02'], 6: ['0.0000E+00', '5.6635E-02'], 7: ['0.0000E+00', '4.9991E-02'], 8: ['0.0000E+00', '3.9052E-02'], 9: ['0.0000E+00', '3.0399E-02']}

Answer 4

我能想到的最简单的解决方案就是使用numpy：

file = np.genfromtxt('file',unpack=True,names=True,dtype=None)

你得到的是你用

访问的字典

print file[1][1]

或者如果您有标题，请使用：

print file['header']

使用Python在列中组织数据文件的有效方法

4 个答案: