使用roxygen2记录S4方法：明确区分帮助文件中的方法

Question

在瞄准和射击之前

我知道这个问题与post密切相关。事实上，我遵循了各种答案中给出的建议，但仍然认为生成的帮助文件有点“尴尬”或至少看起来有点“混在一起”，因此我的问题

实际问题

1. 当记录S4泛型及其各自的方法时，我如何最终得到一个Rd文件结构，让用户可以清楚地区分各种方法，从而清楚地说明文档的哪一部分特别属于哪种方法？
2. 鉴于我提供了@alias个标签，在尝试获取特定方法的帮助时，如何实际使用它们？像?foo-character-method这样的东西，而不只是输入?foo？
3. 在一般方法中更好地不记录a）签名参数是一个好习惯，因为每个方法肯定都包含相应的文档，b）返回值，因为这也是各自的方法？

现在，我觉得我最终得到了一个帮助文件，它似乎无法正确区分通用和各种方法 - 至少在视觉上是这样。

但也许我还没完全得到这个;-)。在这种情况下，任何指针都将非常感谢！

---

这是一个可重现的示例，它生成包含S4泛型和两种方法的包mypkg。我试图遵循此post和Writing R Extensions

中给出的建议

确保目录

sapply(c("src", "package"), dir.create, showWarnings=FALSE)

通用方法定义

gnrc.roxy <- c(
    "#' Doing Something Useful",
    "#'", 
    "#' Description here.",
    "#'", 
    "#' @param x A signature argument for method dispatch.",
    "#' @param y A signature argument for method dispatch.",
    "#' @param arg.1 A \\code{logical} scalar. If \\code{TRUE} (default)", 
    "#'      something happens; else not.",
    "#' @param arg.2 A \\code{numeric} vector containing some useful numbers.", 
    "#' @param ... Further arguments.",
    "#' @return Depends on the actual method.", 
    "#' @references \\url{http://www.rappster.de/}",
    "#' @author Janko Thyson \\email{janko.thyson@@rappster.de}",
    "#' @examples", 
    "#'   foo(x=\"a\", y=letters[1:5])",
    "#'   foo(x=\"a\", y=1:5)",
    "#' @docType methods",
    "#' @rdname foo-methods",
    "#' @export"
)    
gnrc.def <- c(
    "setGeneric(",
    "    name=\"foo\",",
    "    signature=c(\"x\", \"y\"),",
    "    def=function(",
            "x,",
            "y,",
            "arg.1=TRUE,",
            "arg.2,",
            "...",
    ") {",
    "standardGeneric(\"foo\")",       
    "})"
)
path <- "src/gnrc_foo.R"
write(gnrc.roxy, file=path)
write(gnrc.def, file=path, append=TRUE)

相关方法的定义

mthd1.roxy <- c(
    "#' @param x A \\code{character} scalar.",
    "#' @param y A \\code{character} vector.",
    "#' @return A \\code{character} vector.", 
    "#' @docType methods",
    "#' @rdname foo-methods",
    "#' @rdname foo-methods",
    "#' @aliases foo,character,character-method",
    "#' @export"
)    
mthd1.def <- c(
    "setMethod(",
        "f=\"foo\",",
        "signature=signature(x=\"character\", y=\"character\"),", 
        "definition=function(",
            "x,",
            "y,", 
            "...",
        ") {",
        "print(x);print(y);return(y)",
        "})"
)    
path <- "src/mthds_foo.R"
write(mthd1.roxy, file=path)
write(mthd1.def, file=path, append=TRUE)

mthd2.roxy <- c(
    "#' @param x A \\code{character} scalar.",
    "#' @param y A \\code{numeric} vector.",
    "#' @return A \\code{numeric} vector.", 
    "#' @docType methods",
    "#' @rdname foo-methods",
    "#' @rdname foo-methods",
    "#' @aliases foo,character,numeric-method",
    "#' @export"
)    
mthd2.def <- c(
    "setMethod(",
        "f=\"foo\",",
        "signature=signature(x=\"character\", y=\"numeric\"),", 
        "definition=function(",
            "x,",
            "y,", 
            "...",
        ") {",
        "print(x);print(y);return(y)",
        "})"
)    
write(mthd2.roxy, file=path, append=TRUE)
write(mthd2.def, file=path, append=TRUE)

# Test source to see if methods were defined correctly
#sapply(list.files("src", full.names=TRUE), source)

创建包骨架

# Ensure empty package directory
subdirs <- list.files("package", full.names=TRUE)
if (length(subdirs)) {
    sapply(subdirs, unlink, recursive=TRUE)
}

pkg.name    <- "mypkg"
path        <- file.path("package", pkg.name)

package.skeleton(
    name=pkg.name, 
    path="package", 
    code_files=list.files("src", full.names=TRUE, recursive=TRUE)
)

Roxygenize

require("roxygen2")
roxygenize(package.dir=path)

修补Rd文件

有些事情需要修补，以便允许自动检查和构建过程，不需要任何手动干预，如手动编辑Rd文件等。

rdfiles <- list.files(file.path(path, "man"), full.names=TRUE)

# 1) Removing unnecessary file './package/mypgk/man/foo.Rd'
file <- grep("foo.Rd", rdfiles, value=TRUE)
if (length(file)) {
    unlink(file)
}

# 2) Patching './mypkg/man/mypkg-package.Rd' to pass R CMD CHECK
file <- grep(paste(pkg.name, "-package.Rd", sep=""), rdfiles, value=TRUE)
if (length(file)) {
    cnt <- readLines(file, warn=FALSE)
    idx.0 <- grep("\\\\examples\\{", cnt)
    if (length(idx.0)) {
        idx.1 <- grep("\\}", cnt)
        idx.1 <- max(idx.1[which(idx.1 > idx.0)])
        exnew <- c(
            "\\examples{",
            "# TODO: add examples",
            "}"
        )
        cnt <- cnt[-(idx.0:idx.1)]
        cnt <- append(cnt, exnew, after=idx.0-1)
        write(cnt, file=file)
    }
}

检查包

shell(paste("R CMD check", path), intern=FALSE)

构建并安装软件包

shell(paste("R CMD INSTALL",  path), intern=FALSE)

调查帮助文件

require("mypkg")

foo(x="a", y=letters)
foo(x="a", y=1:10)

?foo

---

替代方式：分离构建和安装

shell(paste("R CMD INSTALL --build --data-compress=gzip ",  path), intern=FALSE)

install.packages(paste0(pkg.name, "_1.0.zip"), type="win.binary")

require("mypkg")

?foo