SQL:为每个人返回最常见的值

时间:2012-09-16 11:09:28

标签: mysql sql

编辑:我正在使用MySQL,我找到了另一个同样问题的帖子,但它是在Postgres中;我需要MySQL。

Get most common value for each value of another column in SQL

我在广泛搜索这个网站和其他人之后问这个问题,但是没有找到符合我的意图的结果。

我有一个人员表(recordid,personid,transactionid)和一个事务表(transactionid,rating)。我需要一个SQL语句,可以返回每个人最常见的评级。

我目前有这个SQL语句,它返回指定人员ID的最常见评级。它有效,也许它可以帮助别人。

SELECT transactionTable.rating as MostCommonRating 
FROM personTable, transactionTable 
WHERE personTable.transactionid = transactionTable.transactionid 
AND personTable.personid = 1
GROUP BY transactionTable.rating 
ORDER BY COUNT(transactionTable.rating) desc 
LIMIT 1

但是我需要一个声明来执行上述声明对personTable中的每个personid执行的操作。

我的尝试在下面;但是,它超时我的MySQL服务器。

SELECT personid AS pid, 
(SELECT transactionTable.rating as MostCommonRating 
FROM personTable, transactionTable 
WHERE personTable.transactionid = transactionTable.transactionid 
AND personTable.personid = pid
GROUP BY transactionTable.rating 
ORDER BY COUNT(transactionTable.rating) desc 
LIMIT 1)
FROM persontable
GROUP BY personid

你能给我的任何帮助都是非常有帮助的。感谢。

PERSONTABLE

RecordID,   PersonID,   TransactionID
1,      Adam,       1
2,      Adam,       2
3,      Adam,       3
4,      Ben,        1
5,      Ben,        3
6,      Ben,        4
7,      Caitlin,    4
8,      Caitlin,    5
9,      Caitlin,    1

TRANSACTIONTABLE

TransactionID,  Rating
1       Good
2       Bad
3       Good
4       Average
5       Average

我正在搜索的SQL语句的输出是:

输出

PersonID,   MostCommonRating
Adam        Good
Ben         Good
Caitlin     Average

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:23)

初步评论

请学习使用显式JOIN表示法,而不是旧的(1992年之前)隐式连接表示法。

旧式:

SELECT transactionTable.rating as MostCommonRating 
FROM personTable, transactionTable 
WHERE personTable.transactionid = transactionTable.transactionid 
AND personTable.personid = 1
GROUP BY transactionTable.rating 
ORDER BY COUNT(transactionTable.rating) desc 
LIMIT 1

首选款式:

SELECT transactionTable.rating AS MostCommonRating 
  FROM personTable
  JOIN transactionTable 
    ON personTable.transactionid = transactionTable.transactionid 
 WHERE personTable.personid = 1
 GROUP BY transactionTable.rating 
 ORDER BY COUNT(transactionTable.rating) desc 
 LIMIT 1

每个JOIN都需要ON条件。

此外,数据中的personID值是字符串,而不是数字,因此您需要编写

 WHERE personTable.personid = "Ben"

例如,让查询处理所显示的表。


主要答案

您正在寻找聚合的聚合:在这种情况下,计数的最大值。因此,任何通用解决方案都将涉及MAX和COUNT。您无法直接将MAX应用于COUNT,但您可以将MAX应用于子列查询中的列,其中列恰好是COUNT。

使用测试驱动的查询设计 - TDQD构建查询。

选择人员和交易评级

SELECT p.PersonID, t.Rating, t.TransactionID
  FROM PersonTable AS p
  JOIN TransactionTable AS t
    ON p.TransactionID = t.TransactionID

选择人员,评级和评级发生次数

SELECT p.PersonID, t.Rating, COUNT(*) AS RatingCount
  FROM PersonTable AS p
  JOIN TransactionTable AS t
    ON p.TransactionID = t.TransactionID
 GROUP BY p.PersonID, t.Rating

此结果将成为子查询。

查找此人获得任何评分的最大次数

SELECT s.PersonID, MAX(s.RatingCount)
  FROM (SELECT p.PersonID, t.Rating, COUNT(*) AS RatingCount
          FROM PersonTable AS p
          JOIN TransactionTable AS t
            ON p.TransactionID = t.TransactionID
         GROUP BY p.PersonID, t.Rating
       ) AS s
 GROUP BY s.PersonID

现在我们知道每个人的最大人数是多少。

必填结果

要获得结果,我们需要从子查询中选择具有最大计数的行。请注意,如果某人有2个好评和2个不良评分(并且2是该人的同一类型的最大评分数),那么将为该人显示两个记录。

SELECT s.PersonID, s.Rating
  FROM (SELECT p.PersonID, t.Rating, COUNT(*) AS RatingCount
          FROM PersonTable AS p
          JOIN TransactionTable AS t
            ON p.TransactionID = t.TransactionID
         GROUP BY p.PersonID, t.Rating
       ) AS s
  JOIN (SELECT s.PersonID, MAX(s.RatingCount) AS MaxRatingCount
          FROM (SELECT p.PersonID, t.Rating, COUNT(*) AS RatingCount
                  FROM PersonTable AS p
                  JOIN TransactionTable AS t
                    ON p.TransactionID = t.TransactionID
                 GROUP BY p.PersonID, t.Rating
               ) AS s
         GROUP BY s.PersonID
       ) AS m
    ON s.PersonID = m.PersonID AND s.RatingCount = m.MaxRatingCount

如果您想要实际的评分数,也可以轻松选择。

这是一段相当复杂的SQL。我不想尝试从头开始编写。的确,我可能不会烦恼;我会一步一步地开发它,或多或少如图所示。但是因为我们在更大的表达式中使用它们之前调试了子查询,所以我们可以对答案充满信心。

WITH子句

请注意,标准SQL提供了一个WITH子句,该子句为SELECT语句添加前缀,并命名子查询。 (它也可以用于递归查询,但我们在这里不需要它。)

WITH RatingList AS
     (SELECT p.PersonID, t.Rating, COUNT(*) AS RatingCount
        FROM PersonTable AS p
        JOIN TransactionTable AS t
          ON p.TransactionID = t.TransactionID
       GROUP BY p.PersonID, t.Rating
     )
SELECT s.PersonID, s.Rating
  FROM RatingList AS s
  JOIN (SELECT s.PersonID, MAX(s.RatingCount) AS MaxRatingCount
          FROM RatingList AS s
         GROUP BY s.PersonID
       ) AS m
    ON s.PersonID = m.PersonID AND s.RatingCount = m.MaxRatingCount

这写起来比较简单。不幸的是,MySQL还不支持WITH子句。


上面的SQL现已针对在Mac OS X 10.7.4上运行的IBM Informix Dynamic Server 11.70.FC2进行了测试。该测试暴露了初步评论中诊断出的问题。主要答案的SQL无需更改即可正常工作。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

对于使用Microsoft SQL Server的任何人:您可以创建自定义聚合函数以获得最常见的值。 Ahmed Tarek Hasan撰写的这篇博客文章的例子2描述了如何做到这一点:

http://developmentsimplyput.blogspot.nl/2013/03/creating-sql-custom-user-defined.html

答案 2 :(得分:0)

这是对MySQL max聚合函数在varchars上进行词法排序(以及对整数/浮点数的预期数字排序)这一事实的滥用:

SELECT 
  PersonID, 
  substring(max(concat(lpad(c, 20, '0'), Rating)), 21) AS MostFrequentRating 
FROM (
    SELECT PersonID, Rating, count(*) c 
    FROM PERSONTABLE INNER JOIN TRANSACTIONTABLE USING(TransactionID) 
    GROUP BY PersonID, Rating
) AS grouped_ratings 
GROUP BY PersonID;

哪个提供所需的内容:

+----------+--------------------+
| PersonID | MostFrequentRating |
+----------+--------------------+
| Adam     | Good               |
| Ben      | Good               |
| Caitlin  | Average            |
+----------+--------------------+

(请注意,如果每个人有多种模式,它将选择字母输入最高的模式,因此-几乎是随机的-好于差,差于平均)

通过检查以下内容,您应该能够了解max的工作情况:

SELECT PersonID, Rating, count(*) c, concat(lpad(count(*), 20, '0'), Rating) as LexicalMaxMe 
FROM PERSONTABLE INNER JOIN TRANSACTIONTABLE USING(TransactionID) 
GROUP BY PersonID, Rating
ORDER BY PersonID, c DESC;

哪个输出:

+----------+---------+---+-----------------------------+
| PersonID | Rating  | c | LexicalMaxMe                |
+----------+---------+---+-----------------------------+
| Adam     | Good    | 2 | 00000000000000000002Good    |
| Adam     | Bad     | 1 | 00000000000000000001Bad     |
| Ben      | Good    | 2 | 00000000000000000002Good    |
| Ben      | Average | 1 | 00000000000000000001Average |
| Caitlin  | Average | 2 | 00000000000000000002Average |
| Caitlin  | Good    | 1 | 00000000000000000001Good    |    
+----------+---------+---+-----------------------------+