对于XPath专家来说,这是一个简单的观点! :)
文件结构:
<tokens>
<token>
<word>Newt</word><entityType>PROPER_NOUN</entityType>
</token>
<token>
<word>Gingrich</word><entityType>PROPER_NOUN</entityType>
</token>
<token>
<word>admires</word><entityType>VERB</entityType>
</token>
<token>
<word>Garry</word><entityType>PROPER_NOUN</entityType>
</token>
<token>
<word>Trudeau</word><entityType>PROPER_NOUN</entityType>
</token>
</tokens>
忽略文档的语义不可能性,我想拉出[[“Newt”,“Gingrich”],[“Garry”,“Trudeau”]],即:当连续有两个令牌时entityTypes是PROPER_NOUN,我想从这两个标记中提取单词。
我已经达到了:
"//token[entityType='PROPER_NOUN']/following-sibling::token[1][entityType='PROPER_NOUN']"
...它可以找到两个连续的PROPER_NOUN标记中的第二个,但我不知道如何让它随之发出第一个标记。
一些注意事项:
这是我使用更高级别Ruby功能的解决方案。但是我厌倦了那些在我脸上踢沙子的XPath恶霸,我想知道REAL XPath程序员的方式!
def extract(doc)
names = []
sentences = doc.xpath("//tokens")
sentences.each do |sentence|
tokens = sentence.xpath("token")
prev = nil
tokens.each do |token|
name = token.xpath("word").text if token.xpath("entityType").text == "PROPER_NOUN"
names << [prev, name] if (name && prev)
prev = name
end
end
names
end
答案 0 :(得分:1)
我分两步完成。第一步是选择一组节点:
//token[entityType='PROPER_NOUN' and following-sibling::token[1][entityType='PROPER_NOUN']]
这为您提供了启动双字对的所有token
个。然后获取实际对,迭代节点列表并提取./word
和following-sibling::token[1]/word
使用XmlStarlet(http://xmlstar.sourceforge.net/ - 用于快速xml操作的强大工具)命令行是
xml sel -t -m "//token[entityType='PROPER_NOUN' and following-sibling::token[1][entityType='PROPER_NOUN']]" -v word -o "," -v "following-sibling::token[1]/word" -n /tmp/tok.xml
给
Newt,Gingrich
Garry,Trudeau
XmlStarlet还会将该命令行编译为xslt,相关位为
<xsl:for-each select="//token[entityType='PROPER_NOUN' and following-sibling::token[1][entityType='PROPER_NOUN']]">
<xsl:value-of select="word"/>
<xsl:value-of select="','"/>
<xsl:value-of select="following-sibling::token[1]/word"/>
<xsl:value-of select="' '"/>
</xsl:for-each>
使用Nokogiri它可能看起来像:
#parse the document
doc = Nokogiri::XML(the_document_string)
#select all tokens that start 2-word pair
pair_starts = doc.xpath '//token[entityType = "PROPER_NOUN" and following-sibling::token[1][entityType = "PROPER_NOUN"]]'
#extract each word and the following one
result = pair_starts.each_with_object([]) do |node, array|
array << [node.at_xpath('word').text, node.at_xpath('following-sibling::token[1]/word').text]
end
答案 1 :(得分:0)
XPath返回节点或节点集,但不返回组。所以你必须确定每个小组的开始,然后抓住其余小组。
first = "//token[entityType='PROPER_NOUN' and following-sibling::token[1][entityType='PROPER_NOUN']]/word"
next = "../following-sibling::token[1]/word"
doc.xpath(first).map{|word| [word.text, word.xpath(next).text] }
输出:
[["Newt", "Gingrich"], ["Garry", "Trudeau"]]
答案 2 :(得分:0)
单独使用XPath对于此任务来说不够强大。但是在XSLT中这很容易:
<xsl:for-each-group select="token" group-adjacent="entityType">
<xsl:if test="current-grouping-key="PROPER_NOUN">
<xsl:copy-of select="current-group">
<xsl:text>====</xsl:text>
<xsl:if>
</xsl:for-each-group>