Java中的URL加密

时间:2008-09-23 21:22:01

标签: url encryption

使用Java中的参数加密URL的最佳方法是什么?

7 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

执行此操作的唯一方法是使用SSL / TLS(https)。如果您使用普通的旧HTTP,则肯定会以明文形式发送URL。

答案 1 :(得分:2)

不幸的是,在java :-)中几乎没有什么是简单的,对于这个简单而通常的任务我找不到准备好的库,我最后写了这个(this was the source):

 import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
import javax.crypto.spec.PBEParameterSpec;

/**
 * An easy to use class to encrypt and decrypt a string. Just call the simplest
 * constructor and the needed methods.
 * 
 */

public class StringEncryptor {
private Cipher encryptCipher;
private Cipher decryptCipher;
private sun.misc.BASE64Encoder encoder = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder();
private sun.misc.BASE64Decoder decoder = new sun.misc.BASE64Decoder();

final private String charset = "UTF-8";
final private String defaultEncryptionPassword = "PAOSIDUFHQWER98234QWE378AHASDF93HASDF9238HAJSDF923";
final private byte[] defaultSalt = {

(byte) 0xa3, (byte) 0x21, (byte) 0x24, (byte) 0x2c,

(byte) 0xf2, (byte) 0xd2, (byte) 0x3e, (byte) 0x19 };

/**
 * The simplest constructor which will use a default password and salt to
 * encode the string.
 * 
 * @throws SecurityException
 */
public StringEncryptor() throws SecurityException {
    setupEncryptor(defaultEncryptionPassword, defaultSalt);
}

/**
 * Dynamic constructor to give own key and salt to it which going to be used
 * to encrypt and then decrypt the given string.
 * 
 * @param encryptionPassword
 * @param salt
 */
public StringEncryptor(String encryptionPassword, byte[] salt) {
    setupEncryptor(encryptionPassword, salt);
}

public void init(char[] pass, byte[] salt, int iterations) throws SecurityException {
    try {
        PBEParameterSpec ps = new javax.crypto.spec.PBEParameterSpec(salt, 20);

        SecretKeyFactory kf = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("PBEWithMD5AndDES");

        SecretKey k = kf.generateSecret(new javax.crypto.spec.PBEKeySpec(pass));

        encryptCipher = Cipher.getInstance("PBEWithMD5AndDES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");

        encryptCipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, k, ps);

        decryptCipher = Cipher.getInstance("PBEWithMD5AndDES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");

        decryptCipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, k, ps);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new SecurityException("Could not initialize CryptoLibrary: " + e.getMessage());
    }
}

/**
 * 
 * method to decrypt a string.
 * 
 * @param str
 *            Description of the Parameter
 * 
 * @return String the encrypted string.
 * 
 * @exception SecurityException
 *                Description of the Exception
 */

public synchronized String encrypt(String str) throws SecurityException {
    try {

        byte[] utf8 = str.getBytes(charset);

        byte[] enc = encryptCipher.doFinal(utf8);

        return URLEncoder.encode(encoder.encode(enc),charset);
    }

    catch (Exception e)

    {
        throw new SecurityException("Could not encrypt: " + e.getMessage());
    }
}

/**
 * 
 * method to encrypting a string.
 * 
 * @param str
 *            Description of the Parameter
 * 
 * @return String the encrypted string.
 * 
 * @exception SecurityException
 *                Description of the Exception
 */

public synchronized String decrypt(String str) throws SecurityException {
    try {

        byte[] dec = decoder.decodeBuffer(URLDecoder.decode(str,charset));
        byte[] utf8 = decryptCipher.doFinal(dec);

        return new String(utf8, charset);

    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new SecurityException("Could not decrypt: " + e.getMessage());
    }
}

private void setupEncryptor(String defaultEncryptionPassword, byte[] salt) {

    java.security.Security.addProvider(new com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE());

    char[] pass = defaultEncryptionPassword.toCharArray();

    int iterations = 3;

    init(pass, salt, iterations);
}

}

答案 2 :(得分:1)

java security api(http://java.sun.com/javase/technologies/security/)+ url encoding

答案 3 :(得分:1)

这取决于您的威胁模型。例如,如果要保护Java应用程序从有权访问通信通道的攻击者发送到服务器的参数,则应考虑通过TLS / SSL(即您的情况下为HTTPS)与服务器进行通信。喜欢。如果您想保护有权访问运行Java客户端应用程序的计算机的攻击者的参数,那么您就会陷入更深的麻烦。

答案 4 :(得分:1)

如果您确实无法使用 SSL ,我建议使用预共享密钥方法并添加随机iv。

您可以使用任何体面的对称加密方法。 AES使用您正在通过带外通信的预共享密钥(电子邮件,电话等)。

然后生成一个随机初始化向量,并使用此iv和密钥加密您的字符串。最后,连接密文和iv,并将其作为参数发送。 iv可以明确地传达,没有任何风险。

答案 5 :(得分:0)

您确定不是指网址编码吗?

可通过java.net.URLEncoder.encode进行编码。

答案 6 :(得分:0)

加密HTTP流量的标准方法是使用SSL。 但是,即使通过HTTPS,URL和其中的任何参数(即GET请求)也将以明文形式发送。您需要使用SSL并执行POST请求以正确加密数据。

正如注释中所指出的,无论您使用何种HTTP方法,只要您使用SSL连接,参数都将被加密。