我正在尝试完全了解Android的构建过程数小时。
我正在使用IntelliJ Idea for Android（这是一个很棒的工具）。我在IntelliJ名称“Hello Android”中打开了一个测试项目。该项目的文件名为build.xml，代码如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project name="HelloAndroid" default="help">
<!-- The local.properties file is created and updated by the 'android' tool.
It contains the path to the SDK. It should *NOT* be checked into
Version Control Systems. -->
<property file="local.properties" />
<!-- The ant.properties file can be created by you. It is only edited by the
'android' tool to add properties to it.
This is the place to change some Ant specific build properties.
Here are some properties you may want to change/update:
source.dir
The name of the source directory. Default is 'src'.
out.dir
The name of the output directory. Default is 'bin'.
For other overridable properties, look at the beginning of the rules
files in the SDK, at tools/ant/build.xml
Properties related to the SDK location or the project target should
be updated using the 'android' tool with the 'update' action.
This file is an integral part of the build system for your
application and should be checked into Version Control Systems.
-->
<property file="ant.properties" />
<!-- if sdk.dir was not set from one of the property file, then
get it from the ANDROID_HOME env var.
This must be done before we load project.properties since
the proguard config can use sdk.dir -->
<property environment="env" />
<condition property="sdk.dir" value="${env.ANDROID_HOME}">
<isset property="env.ANDROID_HOME" />
</condition>
<!-- The project.properties file is created and updated by the 'android'
tool, as well as ADT.
This contains project specific properties such as project target, and library
dependencies. Lower level build properties are stored in ant.properties
(or in .classpath for Eclipse projects).
This file is an integral part of the build system for your
application and should be checked into Version Control Systems. -->
<loadproperties srcFile="project.properties" />
<!-- quick check on sdk.dir -->
<fail
message="sdk.dir is missing. Make sure to generate local.properties using 'android update project' or to inject it through the ANDROID_HOME environment variable."
unless="sdk.dir"
/>
<!--
Import per project custom build rules if present at the root of the project.
This is the place to put custom intermediary targets such as:
-pre-build
-pre-compile
-post-compile (This is typically used for code obfuscation.
Compiled code location: ${out.classes.absolute.dir}
If this is not done in place, override ${out.dex.input.absolute.dir})
-post-package
-post-build
-pre-clean
-->
<import file="custom_rules.xml" optional="true" />
<!-- Import the actual build file.
To customize existing targets, there are two options:
- Customize only one target:
- copy/paste the target into this file, *before* the
<import> task.
- customize it to your needs.
- Customize the whole content of build.xml
- copy/paste the content of the rules files (minus the top node)
into this file, replacing the <import> task.
- customize to your needs.
***********************
****** IMPORTANT ******
***********************
In all cases you must update the value of version-tag below to read 'custom' instead of an integer,
in order to avoid having your file be overridden by tools such as "android update project"
-->
<!-- version-tag: 1 -->
<import file="${sdk.dir}/tools/ant/build.xml" />
</project>
然后我在IntelliJ Idea Build - ＆gt;中执行了以下操作：生成Ant Build 并选择以下选项
这导致创建了三个附加文件
helloandroid.properties
path.variable.maven_repository=C\:\\Users\\abc\\.m2\\repository
jdk.home.android_4.1_platform=C\:/Program Files (x86)/Android/android-sdk
helloandroid.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project name="HelloAndroid" default="help">
<!-- The local.properties file is created and updated by the 'android' tool.
It contains the path to the SDK. It should *NOT* be checked into
Version Control Systems. -->
<property file="local.properties" />
<!-- The ant.properties file can be created by you. It is only edited by the
'android' tool to add properties to it.
This is the place to change some Ant specific build properties.
Here are some properties you may want to change/update:
source.dir
The name of the source directory. Default is 'src'.
out.dir
The name of the output directory. Default is 'bin'.
For other overridable properties, look at the beginning of the rules
files in the SDK, at tools/ant/build.xml
Properties related to the SDK location or the project target should
be updated using the 'android' tool with the 'update' action.
This file is an integral part of the build system for your
application and should be checked into Version Control Systems.
-->
<property file="ant.properties" />
<!-- if sdk.dir was not set from one of the property file, then
get it from the ANDROID_HOME env var.
This must be done before we load project.properties since
the proguard config can use sdk.dir -->
<property environment="env" />
<condition property="sdk.dir" value="${env.ANDROID_HOME}">
<isset property="env.ANDROID_HOME" />
</condition>
<!-- The project.properties file is created and updated by the 'android'
tool, as well as ADT.
This contains project specific properties such as project target, and library
dependencies. Lower level build properties are stored in ant.properties
(or in .classpath for Eclipse projects).
This file is an integral part of the build system for your
application and should be checked into Version Control Systems. -->
<loadproperties srcFile="project.properties" />
<!-- quick check on sdk.dir -->
<fail
message="sdk.dir is missing. Make sure to generate local.properties using 'android update project' or to inject it through the ANDROID_HOME environment variable."
unless="sdk.dir"
/>
<!--
Import per project custom build rules if present at the root of the project.
This is the place to put custom intermediary targets such as:
-pre-build
-pre-compile
-post-compile (This is typically used for code obfuscation.
Compiled code location: ${out.classes.absolute.dir}
If this is not done in place, override ${out.dex.input.absolute.dir})
-post-package
-post-build
-pre-clean
-->
<import file="custom_rules.xml" optional="true" />
<!-- Import the actual build file.
To customize existing targets, there are two options:
- Customize only one target:
- copy/paste the target into this file, *before* the
<import> task.
- customize it to your needs.
- Customize the whole content of build.xml
- copy/paste the content of the rules files (minus the top node)
into this file, replacing the <import> task.
- customize to your needs.
***********************
****** IMPORTANT ******
***********************
In all cases you must update the value of version-tag below to read 'custom' instead of an integer,
in order to avoid having your file be overridden by tools such as "android update project"
-->
<!-- version-tag: 1 -->
<import file="${sdk.dir}/tools/ant/build.xml" />
</project>
module_helloandroid.xml
<copy todir="${helloandroid.output.dir}">
<fileset dir="${module.helloandroid.basedir}/src">
<patternset refid="compiler.resources"/>
<type type="file"/>
<patternset refid="excluded.from.compilation.helloandroid"/>
</fileset>
<fileset dir="${module.helloandroid.basedir}/gen">
<patternset refid="compiler.resources"/>
<type type="file"/>
<patternset refid="excluded.from.compilation.helloandroid"/>
</fileset>
</copy>
我的问题
env.ANDROID_HOME显示错误？jdk.home.1.6显示错误？答案 0 :(得分：2)
构建文件可以包含其他构建文件，这是正常做法。您的项目helloandroid.xml与build.xml文件完全相同，您可以修改自己喜欢的文件并丢弃另一个文件。 build.xml文件是Ant的首选约定。您的属性文件仅用于设置属性，并且模块文件看起来不会被调用，但可能存在，以便您可以包含它并按照指定进行文件复制。
是的，只需加入它们即可。可以使用helloandroid.properties文件代替对通用project.properties文件的调用，也可以保留原样。
是的，请编辑它们，但它们应该足以让您轻松入手。
看起来您的ANDROID_HOME环境变量尚未设置。您可以通过IntelliJ进行设置，但我建议您在操作系统级别进行设置。
看起来您的JAVA_HOME环境变量尚未设置。您可以通过IntelliJ进行设置，但我建议您在操作系统级别进行设置。