我的问题是,我猜,非常简单:
鉴于一个 data.txt 文件,如何在一行中逐行添加一些String?我不想删除内容,但是只需在行尾添加一些字符串即可。你能告诉我一个简单的代码吗?
Ex,给定 data.txt 文件:
aaa bbb ccc
eee fff ggg
运行java程序后的结果:
aaa bbb ccc ddd
eee fff ggg hhh
其他问题:是否有一种简单的方法可以在给定文件的行行中“插入”一些字符串?如果是的话,怎么办呢? 结果:
aaa 111 bbb ccc
eee fff 222 ggg
提前感谢您的帮助。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
我不知道一种简单的方法,但有一种相当复杂的方法,通过从文件中读取文本,编辑文本,然后用编辑后的文本覆盖文件。 首先,您需要逐行读取文件:
package addtext;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
/**
*
* @author Dan300
*/
public class AddText {
File yourFile = new File("YourFileHere.txt"); //add the name of your file in the brackets
int numLines; //this will store the number of lines in the file
String[] lines; //the lines of text that make up the file will be stored here
public AddText() {
numLines = getNumberLines(yourFile);
lines = new String[numLines];//here we set the size of the array to be the same as the number of lines in the file
for(int count = 0; count < numLines; count++) {
lines[count] = readLine(count,yourFile);//here we set each string in the array to be each new line of the file
}
doSomethingToStrings();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new AddText();
}
上面的代码基本上设置一个数组,包含与文件中的行一样多的字符串,通过调用下面的方法(返回文件中的文本行数)...:
public int getNumberLines(File aFile) {
int numLines = 0;
try {
BufferedReader input = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(aFile));
try {
String line = null;
while (( line = input.readLine()) != null){ //ReadLine returns the contents of the next line, and returns null at the end of the file.
numLines++;
}
}
finally {
input.close();
}
}
catch (IOException ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return numLines;
}
...然后通过为每一行调用此方法将数组设置为包含文件中的文本:
public String readLine(int lineNumber, File aFile) {
String lineText = "";
try {
BufferedReader input = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(aFile));
try {
for(int count = 0; count < lineNumber; count++) {
input.readLine(); //ReadLine returns the contents of the next line, and returns null at the end of the file.
}
lineText = input.readLine();
}
finally {
input.close();
}
}
catch (IOException ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return lineText;
}
阅读完文本文件后,您现在需要使用将两个字符串连接在一起的.concat()
方法对字符串执行某些操作。此代码将在问题中执行示例:
public void doSomethingToStrings() {
try {
lines[0] = lines[0].concat(" ddd"); //this joins the two strings lines[0] and " ddd"
} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) { // I have added a try{}catch{} block so that if there is not as many lines in the file as expected, the code will still continue.
}
try {
lines[1] = lines[1].concat(" hhh");
} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
}
try {
writeFile(yourFile);
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
} catch (IOException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(AddText.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}
}
之后调用writeFile()
方法将数组写入文件。如果你想让代码更灵活,你可能希望添加另一个构造函数来为文件写一个不同的数组:
public void writeFile(File aFile) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
if (aFile == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("File should not be null.");
}
if (!aFile.exists()) {
throw new FileNotFoundException ("File does not exist: " + aFile);
}
if (!aFile.isFile()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Should not be a directory: " + aFile);
}
if (!aFile.canWrite()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("File cannot be written: " + aFile);
}
BufferedWriter output = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(aFile));
try {
for(int count = 0; count < numLines; count++) {
output.write(lines[count]);
if(count != numLines-1) {// This makes sure that an extra new line is not inserted at the end of the file
output.newLine();
}
}
}
finally {
output.close();
}
}
要回答第二个问题,可以将一个或多个单词插入一行,方法是使用StringTokenizer
将字符串拆分为单词,然后在文本行中插入一个新单词。 StringTokenizer将字符串拆分为单词并调用$ Tokenizer1.nextToken()返回String中的下一个单词。以下是您的问题中指定结果的示例:
public void doSomethingElseToStrings() {
try{
StringTokenizer splitString1 = new StringTokenizer(lines[0]);
newLines[0] = splitString1.nextToken();
for(int count=0;count<=splitString1.countTokens();count++) {
if(count == 0) {
newLines[0] = newLines[0].concat(" 111");
}
newLines[0] = newLines[0].concat(" ");
newLines[0] = newLines[0].concat(splitString1.nextToken());
}
} catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
}
try {
StringTokenizer splitString2 = new StringTokenizer(lines[1]);
newLines[1] = splitString2.nextToken();
for(int count=0;count<=splitString2.countTokens();count++) {
if(count == 1) {
newLines[1] = newLines[1].concat(" 222");
}
newLines[1] = newLines[1].concat(" ");
newLines[1] = newLines[1].concat(splitString2.nextToken());
}
} catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
}
try {
writeFile(yourFile);
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
} catch (IOException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(AddText.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}
}
但是,要使其与其余代码一起使用,您必须编辑以下部分:
public class AddText {
String[] newLines; // <<add
File yourFile = new File("YourFileHere.txt"); //add the name of your file in the brackets
int numLines;
String[] lines;
public AddText() {
...
//doSomethingToStrings(); <<delete
doSomethingElseToStrings(); // <<add
}
public void writeFile(File $aFile) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
...
//$output.write(lines[count]); <<delete
$output.write(newLines[count]); // <<add
...
}
使用doSomethingToStrings()
方法更改此文件:
aaa bbb ccc
eee fff ggg
(other text)
到此:
aaa bbb ccc ddd
eee fff ggg hhh
(other text remains the same)
使用doSomethingElseToStrings()
方法将文件更改为:
aaa 111 bbb ccc
ddd eee 222 fff
(other text remains the same)
我希望这对你有用!
答案 1 :(得分:0)
以下是使用Guava:
的方法List<String> lines = Files.readLines(new File("myfile.txt"), Charsets.UTF_8);
StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
for(String line : lines) {
String newLine = addNeededStringToLine(line);
output.append(newLine);
}
Files.write(output, new File("myfile2.txt"), Charsets.UTF_8);
简单就是那个
并且关于插入行,您可以简单地将整行拆分为单独的stings,然后在它们之间放入要插入的值。使用类似的东西:
String line = "a b c" ;
String[] split = line.split(" ");
for (int i = 0; i < split.length; i++) {
String string = split[i];
System.out.println(string);
if(string.equals("b")) {
//some insterting
}
}
参考: