我正在尝试使用VS2012中提供的互联网模板创建一个新的MVC 4互联网站点。我能够为该站点注册用户并成功登录并注销。我可以看到SimpleMembership创建了5个表（UserProfile，webpages_Membership，webpages_OAuthMembership，webpages_Roles，webpages_UsersInRoles），我通过网站创建的登录已经放入正确的位置（正如我期望的那样！）
我遇到的问题是用户的角色。首先，我似乎无法使用旧的ASP.NET配置页面 - 它需要永远加载，然后当它最终执行时，它会在您单击安全链接时出现此错误：
您选择的数据存储存在问题。这可能是由无效的服务器名称或凭据或权限不足引起的。它也可能是由未启用角色管理器功能引起的。单击下面的按钮可重定向到可以选择新数据存储的页面。
以下消息可能有助于诊断问题：无法连接到SQL Server数据库。
当您尝试执行提供程序配置时出现此错误
无法建立与数据库的连接。 如果尚未创建SQL Server数据库，请退出“网站管理”工具，使用aspnet_regsql命令行实用程序创建和配置数据库，然后返回此工具以设置提供程序。
我尝试运行aspnet_regsql，它创建旧样式成员资格表，以及我注册第一个用户时网站已创建的新表格。
所以为了解决这个问题，就创建角色而言，我自己将一个角色放入数据库并将用户置于角色中。现在运行该站点我不能使用Roles.GetRolesForUser（），因为它在调试时也说“无法连接到SQL Server数据库”（并且YOD给出了空引用异常）。
我在web.config中注意到，不再有关于成员资格/角色提供者等的部分（例如，如果你制作MVC 3互联网应用程序）
我几天都在寻找答案，任何人都可以对我可能做错的事情有所了解吗？
这是我的web.config（删除了连接字符串）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
For more information on how to configure your ASP.NET application, please visit
http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=169433
-->
<configuration>
<configSections>
<!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->
<section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=5.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
<sectionGroup name="dotNetOpenAuth" type="DotNetOpenAuth.Configuration.DotNetOpenAuthSection, DotNetOpenAuth.Core">
<section name="messaging" type="DotNetOpenAuth.Configuration.MessagingElement, DotNetOpenAuth.Core" requirePermission="false" allowLocation="true" />
<section name="reporting" type="DotNetOpenAuth.Configuration.ReportingElement, DotNetOpenAuth.Core" requirePermission="false" allowLocation="true" />
<section name="oauth" type="DotNetOpenAuth.Configuration.OAuthElement, DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth" requirePermission="false" allowLocation="true" />
<section name="openid" type="DotNetOpenAuth.Configuration.OpenIdElement, DotNetOpenAuth.OpenId" requirePermission="false" allowLocation="true" />
</sectionGroup>
</configSections>
<connectionStrings>
<add name="DefaultConnection" connectionString="Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=EnvoyBilling;Integrated Security=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
<add name="EnvoyBillingContext" connectionString="xxx" providerName="System.Data.EntityClient" />
</connectionStrings>
<appSettings>
<add key="webpages:Version" value="2.0.0.0" />
<add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />
<add key="PreserveLoginUrl" value="true" />
<add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />
<add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />
<add key="enableSimpleMembership" value="true" />
</appSettings>
<system.web>
<compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5" />
<httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5" />
<authentication mode="Forms">
<forms loginUrl="~/Account/Login" timeout="2880" />
</authentication>
<pages>
<namespaces>
<add namespace="System.Web.Helpers" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Html" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Optimization" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Routing" />
<add namespace="System.Web.WebPages" />
</namespaces>
</pages>
</system.web>
<system.webServer>
<validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false" />
<handlers>
<remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_32bit" />
<remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_64bit" />
<remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" />
<add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_32bit" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" modules="IsapiModule" scriptProcessor="%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\aspnet_isapi.dll" preCondition="classicMode,runtimeVersionv4.0,bitness32" responseBufferLimit="0" />
<add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_64bit" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" modules="IsapiModule" scriptProcessor="%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\aspnet_isapi.dll" preCondition="classicMode,runtimeVersionv4.0,bitness64" responseBufferLimit="0" />
<add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" type="System.Web.Handlers.TransferRequestHandler" preCondition="integratedMode,runtimeVersionv4.0" />
</handlers>
</system.webServer>
<runtime>
<assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-2.0.0.0" newVersion="2.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.0.0.0" newVersion="4.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-2.0.0.0" newVersion="2.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="DotNetOpenAuth.AspNet" publicKeyToken="2780ccd10d57b246" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.0.0" newVersion="4.1.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="DotNetOpenAuth.Core" publicKeyToken="2780ccd10d57b246" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.0.0" newVersion="4.1.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="EntityFramework" publicKeyToken="b77a5c561934e089" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-5.0.0.0" newVersion="5.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
</assemblyBinding>
<legacyHMACWarning enabled="0" />
</runtime>
<entityFramework>
<defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">
<parameters>
<parameter value="v11.0" />
</parameters>
</defaultConnectionFactory>
</entityFramework>
<system.net>
<defaultProxy enabled="true" />
<settings>
<!-- This setting causes .NET to check certificate revocation lists (CRL)
before trusting HTTPS certificates. But this setting tends to not
be allowed in shared hosting environments. -->
<!--<servicePointManager checkCertificateRevocationList="true"/>-->
</settings>
</system.net>
<dotNetOpenAuth>
<messaging>
<untrustedWebRequest>
<whitelistHosts>
<!-- Uncomment to enable communication with localhost (should generally not activate in production!) -->
<!--<add name="localhost" />-->
</whitelistHosts>
</untrustedWebRequest>
</messaging>
<!-- Allow DotNetOpenAuth to publish usage statistics to library authors to improve the library. -->
<reporting enabled="true" />
<openid>
<relyingParty>
<security requireSsl="false">
<!-- Uncomment the trustedProviders tag if your relying party should only accept positive assertions from a closed set of OpenID Providers. -->
<!--<trustedProviders rejectAssertionsFromUntrustedProviders="true">
<add endpoint="https://www.google.com/accounts/o8/ud" />
</trustedProviders>-->
</security>
<behaviors>
<!-- The following OPTIONAL behavior allows RPs to use SREG only, but be compatible
with OPs that use Attribute Exchange (in various formats). -->
<add type="DotNetOpenAuth.OpenId.RelyingParty.Behaviors.AXFetchAsSregTransform, DotNetOpenAuth.OpenId.RelyingParty" />
</behaviors>
</relyingParty>
</openid>
</dotNetOpenAuth>
<uri>
<!-- The uri section is necessary to turn on .NET 3.5 support for IDN (international domain names),
which is necessary for OpenID urls with unicode characters in the domain/host name.
It is also required to put the Uri class into RFC 3986 escaping mode, which OpenID and OAuth require. -->
<idn enabled="All" />
<iriParsing enabled="true" />
</uri>
</configuration>
答案 0 :(得分：2)
我刚刚找到一个post by Jon Galloway来讨论这种情况。他昨天才贴出来!!!
答案 1 :(得分：1)
您应该在web.config中设置成员资格和角色提供程序。
<system.web>
<roleManager enabled="true">
<providers>
<clear/>
<add name="AspNetSqlRoleProvider" connectionStringName="MyAspNetDB"
applicationName="/SampleRolesApp"
type="System.Web.Security.SqlRoleProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" />
</providers>
</roleManager>
<membership>
<providers>
<clear/>
<add name="AspNetSqlMembershipProvider"
connectionStringName="MyAspNetDB"
enablePasswordRetrieval="false"
enablePasswordReset="true"
requiresQuestionAndAnswer="true"
applicationName="/SamplesRolesApp"
requiresUniqueEmail="false"
passwordFormat="Hashed"
maxInvalidPasswordAttempts="5"
minRequiredPasswordLength="7"
minRequiredNonalphanumericCharacters="1"
passwordAttemptWindow="10"
passwordStrengthRegularExpression=""
type="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" />
</providers>
</membership>
...
</system.web>
有关详细信息，请查看此post。