对于嵌入式系统(little Endian ARM,语言C - 即使我在这里用于测试目的C ++),我编写了附带的代码片段。我必须发送和接收不同的配置数据,位对齐和给定的位长度。对于我必须发送/接收的每个变量,使用field_conf_t执行配置,如:
typedef struct field_conf_t { ... }; // see below
typedef struct {
field_conf_t a;
field_conf_t b;
field_conf_t c;
} tx_fields_conf_t;
const tx_fields_conf_t tx_fields_conf = {
{ 0, 8 }, // a - offset/length
{ 28, 12 }, // b - offset/length
{ 56, 8 } // c - offset/length
};
我遇到的问题是我对单个Bit-Ops的考虑很多,测试失败了。
这里是代码:
#include <stdint.h>
#define BOOST_TEST_MODULE BitFieldTest
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
typedef uint8_t uint8;
typedef uint16_t uint16;
typedef uint32_t uint32;
typedef unsigned long long uint64;
typedef struct {
uint8 offset; // [0-63]
uint8 length; // [1-32]
} field_conf_t;
typedef struct {
field_conf_t a;
field_conf_t b;
field_conf_t c;
} tx_fields_conf_t;
typedef union {
uint8 buf[8];
uint64 contents;
} msg_t;
void set_value(msg_t* const msg, const field_conf_t* const field, uint32 value)
{
const uint32 mask = (1 << field->length) - 1;
msg->contents &= ~(mask << field->offset); // clear old contens
msg->contents |= (value & mask) << field->offset; // set new contens
}
uint32 get_value(const msg_t* const msg, const field_conf_t* const field)
{
const uint32 mask = (1 << field->length) - 1;
uint64 value = (msg->contents >> field->offset);
value &= mask;
return (uint32)value;
}
// ########################################################################
struct TestFixture {
TestFixture() : a(0xAA), b(0xBBB), c(0xCC) {
conf.a.offset = 0; conf.a.length = 8;
conf.b.offset = 25; conf.b.length = 12;
conf.c.offset = 56; conf.a.length = 8;
}
uint32 a, b, c;
msg_t msg;
tx_fields_conf_t conf;
};
BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_SUITE(MsgBitfieldTest, TestFixture);
BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(Test_01)
{
set_value(&msg, &conf.a, a);
BOOST_CHECK(get_value(&msg, &conf.a) == a);
set_value(&msg, &conf.b, b);
BOOST_CHECK(get_value(&msg, &conf.a) == a);
BOOST_CHECK(get_value(&msg, &conf.b) == b);
set_value(&msg, &conf.c, c);
BOOST_CHECK(get_value(&msg, &conf.a) == a);
BOOST_CHECK(get_value(&msg, &conf.b) == b);
BOOST_CHECK(get_value(&msg, &conf.c) == c);
}
BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END();
和测试运行输出
Running 1 test case...
d:/work/bugee/test/can_msg/msg_bitsfields/msg_bitsfields/main.cpp(65): error in
"Test_01": check get_value(&msg, &conf.b) == b failed
d:/work/bugee/test/can_msg/msg_bitsfields/msg_bitsfields/main.cpp(69): error in
"Test_01": check get_value(&msg, &conf.b) == b failed
d:/work/bugee/test/can_msg/msg_bitsfields/msg_bitsfields/main.cpp(70): error in
"Test_01": check get_value(&msg, &conf.c) == c failed
*** 3 failures detected in test suite "BitFieldTest"
缓冲区大小始终为8个字节;我很高兴我能在这里使用64位长;在我对字节对齐的操作失败之前(每个字节上的掩码和Bit-Ops)。注意,该值不能大于int32 / uint32。我也知道C位域。它们太慢了,我需要为所使用的嵌入式系统提供快速解决方案(其他耗时的任务都在那里)。
我也对使用lsb / msb 32位甚至8字节切片快速解决方案的解决方案感兴趣,但我认为由于编译器,使用64位数据类型的性能更高。
答案 0 :(得分:0)
您的第一个代码块中是否有任何问题:
const tx_fields_conf_t tx_fields_conf = {
{ 0, 8 }, // a - offset/length
{ 28, 12 }, // b - offset/length -- note the 28 here as the offset
{ 56, 8 } // c - offset/length
};
但是稍后在你的申请中你有:
struct TestFixture {
TestFixture() : a(0xAA), b(0xBBB), c(0xCC) {
conf.a.offset = 0; conf.a.length = 8;
conf.b.offset = 25; conf.b.length = 12; // offset is *25* here, not 28 as above. Poss. problem?
conf.c.offset = 56; conf.a.length = 8;
}
uint32 a, b, c;
msg_t msg;
tx_fields_conf_t conf;
};
这是一个重要的差异吗?也许没什么,但我注意到了......以为我会指出它。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
问题在于set_value
const uint32 mask = (1 << field->length) - 1;
msg->contents &= ~(mask << field->offset); // clear old contens
msg->contents |= (value & mask) << field->offset; // set new contens
mask << field->offset
是一个32位值,因此在field->offset + field->length >= 32
时溢出边缘。将mask
更改为64位应该可以将位移作为64位操作执行:
const uint64 mask = (1 << field->length) - 1;