如何获得生成的子进程命令字符串

时间:2012-08-26 12:34:23

标签: python subprocess

我有Python子进程调用,这些调用被格式化为一系列参数(如subprocess.Popen(['ls','-l'])而不是单个字符串(即subprocess.Popen('ls -l'))。

当像我一样使用顺序参数时,是否有办法获取发送到shell的结果字符串(用于调试目的)?

一种简单的方法是将自己的所有论点加在一起。但我怀疑这在所有情况下都与子进程的作用相同,因为使用序列的主要原因是'allow[s] the module to take care of any required escaping and quoting of arguments'

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:10)

如评论中所述,subprocess附带(未在文档页面中记录)list2cmdline,它将参数列表转换为单个字符串。 根据源文档,list2cmdline主要用于Windows:

  

在Windows上:Popen类使用CreateProcess()来执行子级   程序,对字符串进行操作。如果args是一个序列,它将是   使用list2cmdline方法转换为字符串。请注意   并非所有MS Windows应用程序都解释命令行相同   方式:list2cmdline是为使用相同的应用程序而设计的   规则作为MS C运行时。

然而,它在其他操作系统上非常实用。

修改

如果您需要反向操作(,将命令行拆分为正确标记化参数列表),您将需要使用shlex.split函数,如doc of subprocess

>>> help(subprocess.list2cmdline)
Help on function list2cmdline in module subprocess:

list2cmdline(seq)
    Translate a sequence of arguments into a command line
    string, using the same rules as the MS C runtime:

    1) Arguments are delimited by white space, which is either a
       space or a tab.

    2) A string surrounded by double quotation marks is
       interpreted as a single argument, regardless of white space
       contained within.  A quoted string can be embedded in an
       argument.

    3) A double quotation mark preceded by a backslash is
       interpreted as a literal double quotation mark.

    4) Backslashes are interpreted literally, unless they
       immediately precede a double quotation mark.

    5) If backslashes immediately precede a double quotation mark,
       every pair of backslashes is interpreted as a literal
       backslash.  If the number of backslashes is odd, the last
       backslash escapes the next double quotation mark as
       described in rule 3.