有没有更好的方法来迭代我的字典数据而不使用3嵌套for loops
,就像我现在正在做的那样,给出下面这些数据?顺便说一下,我正在使用python 2.6。
data = {'08132012':
{
'id01': [{'code': '02343','status': 'P'},{'code': '03343','status': 'F'}],
'id02': [{'code': '18141','status': 'F'},{'code': '07777','status': 'F'}]
}
}
以下是3个for
循环当前代码:
for date in data:
for id in data[date]:
for trans in data[date][id]:
print "Date: %s" % date
print "Processing id: %s" % id
print trans['code']
print trans['status']
//query to database
已编辑:有效数据值
答案 0 :(得分:8)
鉴于数据的嵌套特性,我认为没有办法避免某些嵌套循环。
但是,您可以通过为数据编写flattening生成器来避免嵌套大部分程序逻辑,如下所示:
def flatten(data):
for date in data:
for id in data[date]:
for trans in data[date][id]:
yield (date, id, trans)
def process(data):
for date, id, trans in flatten(data):
# do stuff with date, id, trans
答案 1 :(得分:4)
如果不了解数据来源的更多细节,我想要的解决方案是,如果可以更改data
的存储结构,可以考虑使用namedtuple
。它会使事情变得更清晰,更具可读性。
以下是一个例子:
>>> from collections import namedtuple
>>> Record = namedtuple('Record', ['date', 'id', 'code', 'status'])
>>> records = []
>>> records.append(Record('08132012', 'id01', '02343','P'))
>>> records.append(Record('08132012', 'id01', '03343','F'))
>>> records.append(Record('08132012', 'id02', '18131','F'))
>>> records.append(Record('08132012', 'id02', '07777','F'))
>>> for record in records:
... print "Date: %s" %record.date
... print "Processing id: %s" %record.id
... print record.code
... print record.status
...
Date: 08132012
Processing id: id01
02343
P
Date: 08132012
Processing id: id01
03343
F
Date: 08132012
Processing id: id02
18131
F
Date: 08132012
Processing id: id02
07777
F
更有趣:
获取status
为'F'的记录列表:
>>> Fs = [record for record in records if record.status == 'F']
>>> Fs
[Record(date='08132012', id='id01', code='03343', status='F'),
Record(date='08132012', id='id02', code='18131', status='F'),
Record(date='08132012', id='id02', code='07777', status='F')]
按code
排序:
>>> records.append(Record('08122012', 'id03', '00001', 'P'))
>>> records.sort(key=lambda x:x.code)
>>> records
[Record(date='08122012', id='id03', code='00001', status='P'),
Record(date='08132012', id='id01', code='02343', status='P'),
Record(date='08132012', id='id01', code='03343', status='F'),
Record(date='08132012', id='id02', code='07777', status='F'),
Record(date='08132012', id='id02', code='18131', status='F')]
答案 2 :(得分:3)
发电机非常简单:
>>> flat = ((d, id, t) for d in data for id in data[d] for t in data[d][id])
>>> for date, id, trans in flat:
... print date, id, trans
...
08132012 id02 {'status': 'F', 'code': '18141'}
08132012 id02 {'status': 'F', 'code': '07777'}
08132012 id01 {'status': 'P', 'code': '02343'}
08132012 id01 {'status': 'F', 'code': '03343'}
>>>