如何从后台工作线程中更改XAML元素?

时间:2009-07-30 11:45:59

标签: c# multithreading backgroundworker

在下面的代码示例中,我想从我的BackgroundThread 更改TextBox 的Foreground文本的颜色,但它得到错误

  

此线程无法访问此对象   因为它在另一个线程中。

我需要在下面的代码中更改什么,以便后台工作线程可以更改TextBox中的前景色?

答案:

谢谢Andy,这只是一个小小的疏忽,这是为了后人的纠正代码:

using System.Windows;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows.Media;

namespace TestBackgroundWorker7338
{
    public partial class Window1 : Window
    {
        private BackgroundWorker _worker;
        int _percentageFinished = 0;

        public Window1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            ButtonCancel.IsEnabled = false;
        }

        private void Button_Start(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _worker = new BackgroundWorker();
            _worker.WorkerReportsProgress = true;
            _worker.WorkerSupportsCancellation = true;

            _worker.DoWork += (s, args) =>
            {
                BackgroundWorker worker = s as BackgroundWorker;
                int numberOfTasks = 300;
                for (int i = 1; i <= numberOfTasks; i++)
                {
                    if (worker.CancellationPending)
                    {
                        args.Cancel = true;
                        return;
                    }

                    Thread.Sleep(10);
                    float percentageDone = (i / (float)numberOfTasks) * 100f;
                    worker.ReportProgress((int)percentageDone);
                }
            };

            _worker.ProgressChanged += (s,args) =>
            {
                _percentageFinished = args.ProgressPercentage;
                ProgressBar.Value = _percentageFinished;
                Message.Text = _percentageFinished + "% finished";
                if (_percentageFinished < 500)
                {
                    Message.Text = "stopped at " + _percentageFinished + "%";
                }
                else
                {
                    Message.Text = "finished";
                }

                if (_percentageFinished >= 70)
                {
                    InputBox.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Red);
                }
                else if (_percentageFinished >= 40)
                {
                    InputBox.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Orange);
                }
                else if (_percentageFinished >= 10)
                {
                    InputBox.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Brown);
                }
                else
                {
                    InputBox.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Black);
                }

            };

            _worker.RunWorkerCompleted += (s,args) =>
            {
                ButtonStart.IsEnabled = true;
                ButtonCancel.IsEnabled = false;
                ProgressBar.Value = 0;
            };

            _worker.RunWorkerAsync();
            ButtonStart.IsEnabled = false;
            ButtonCancel.IsEnabled = true;

        }

        private void Button_Cancel(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _worker.CancelAsync();
        }
    }
}

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

正如Andy所说,控件的更改属性必须在UI线程上发生。

WPF提供了一个Dispatcher类,可以更轻松地将控件调用路由到适当的UI线程。 WPF中的控件公开Dispatcher属性对象以将调用分派给适当的UI线程。

您可以按如下方式使用此功能(我会在worker.ReportProgress((int)percentageDone);方法中的Button_Start行之后添加此内容):

// the Window class exposes a Dispatcher property, alternatively you could use
// InputBox.Dispatcher to the same effect
if (!Dispatcher.CheckAccess())
     {
        Dispatcher.Invoke(new Action(() => ChangeForegroundColor(percentageDone));
     }
     else
     {
        ChangeForegroundColor(percentageDone);
     }

...
private void ChangeForegroundColor(int percentageDone)
{
    if (percentageDone >= 90)
    {
        InputBox.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Red);
    }
    else if(percentageDone >=10)
    {
        InputBox.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Orange);
    }
}

答案 1 :(得分:2)

ProgressChanged委托在UI线程上运行。如果您在BackgroundColor而不是DoWork设置{{1}},则应该允许您设置颜色而不会出现错误。