mySQL选择查询,使用一些逻辑从多个表中获取数据

时间:2012-08-21 13:21:44

标签: php mysql sql

我有两个表用户和* activation_details *

用户表包含这些数据。 uid是主键。

uid     |    user_name
______________________
 1     |    John Smith
 2     |    Mary Smith
 3     |    Nancy Smith
 4     |    Agent Smith

activation_details有这些数据

aid     |    is_activated   |  user_id
______________________________________
1      |         0         |     0
2      |         1         |     4
3      |         1         |     1
4      |         1         |     777 

请注意,用户ID 777不在用户表中。

我需要这种格式的结果

aid     |    is_activated   |  user_name      
______________________________________________
1       |         0         |     0
2       |         1         |     Agent Smith
3       |         1         |     John Smith
4       |         1         |     777 

如果用户表中存在用户ID,则必须显示用户名,否则必须显示user_id本身。

我试过这样的事情

SELECT aid, is_activated, user_id, users.user_name from activation_details, users WHERE users.uid = user_id

它提供此输出,这是无用的。

aid     |    is_activated   |  user_name      | user_id
________________________________________________________ 
2       |         1         |     Agent Smith |     4 
3       |         1         |     John Smith  |     1

无论如何只使用mysql获取此输出,我可以用PHP中的多个查询来完成,但这不是我想要的。

aid     |    is_activated   |  user_name
______________________________________
1       |         0         |     0
2       |         1         |     Agent Smith
3       |         1         |     John Smith
4       |         1         |     777 

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

您希望将外部联接与coalesce()函数(返回所选列中的第一个非null值)结合使用,如下所示:

SELECT 
    a.aid, 
    a.is_activated, 
    a.user_id, 
    coalesce(b.user_name, a.user_id, 0) as User
from 
    activation_details a
        left outer join users b
            on a.user_id=b.uid

修改:我为coalesce()函数添加了一项检查,如果0user_name字段均为空值,则会为用户返回user_id

在mysql中完成测试:

mysql> select * from first
    -> ;
+------+-------+
| id   | title |
+------+-------+
|    1 | aaaa  |
|    2 | bbbb  |
|    3 | cccc  |
+------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select coalesce('a', id) from first
    -> ;
+-------------------+
| coalesce('a', id) |
+-------------------+
| a                 |
| a                 |
| a                 |
+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select coalesce('a', 1) from first;
+------------------+
| coalesce('a', 1) |
+------------------+
| a                |
| a                |
| a                |
+------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select coalesce(null, 1) from first;
+-------------------+
| coalesce(null, 1) |
+-------------------+
|                 1 |
|                 1 |
|                 1 |
+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

答案 1 :(得分:2)

SELECT t3.aid,t3.is_activated,
IF (t2.user_name IS NOT null, t2.user_name, t3.user_id)
FROM activation_details AS t3
LEFT JOIN users AS t2 ON t3.user_id = t2.uid;

我认为这个查询会给出结果