实现可重用的线程安全核心数据模式时的问题/问题

时间:2012-08-17 00:11:42

标签: ios core-data nsthread

我无法实现this tutorial中概述的线程安全核心数据概念。我的目标是拥有一个可重用的代码部分,可以接受参数,进行核心数据操作(添加,更新,删除),然后在完成后异步回调。

因此,“安全地”修改核心数据对象的块:

+ (void)saveDataInContext:(void(^)(NSManagedObjectContext *context))saveBlock
{
    NSManagedObjectContext *context = [NSManagedObjectContext context];
    [context setMergePolicy:NSMergeByPropertyObjectTrumpMergePolicy];
    [defaultContext setMergePolicy:NSMergeObjectByPropertyStoreTrumpMergePolicy];
    [defaultContext observeContext:context];                    
 
    block(context);                                     
    if ([context hasChanges])                               
    {
        [context save];
    }
} 

从我理解的方式来看,这会执行一段代码吗?我不明白“上下文”是如何在数字中传递的。这是块的签名的一部分吗?

所以这里是在后台执行操作的包装器并添加一个完成调用:

+ (void)saveDataInBackgroundWithContext:(void(^)(NSManagedObjectContext *context))saveBlock completion:(void(^)(void))completion
{
    dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND, 0), ^{
        [self saveDataInContext:saveBlock];

        dispatch_sync(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
            completion();
        });
    });
}

以下是使用它的示例:

NSArray *listOfPeople = ...;
[NSManagedObjectHelper saveDataInBackgroundWithContext:^(NSManagedObjectContext *localContext){
    for (NSDictionary *personInfo in listOfPeople)
    {
        PersonEntity *person = [PersonEntity createInContext:localContext];
        [person setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:personInfo];
    }
} completion:^{
    self.people = [PersonEntity findAll];
}];

这里传递的'localContext'是什么?我认为我的大部分问题都围绕着不理解障碍。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

简要介绍一下该教程,可以看出它正在谈论神奇的记录。我从未使用它,所以我不能说它。

// This declares a class method that returns void and takes a block as parameter.
// The block returns void and has one parameter, namely, a pointer to an
// NSManagedObjectContext object.
+ (void)saveDataInContext:(void(^)(NSManagedObjectContext *context))saveBlock;

你可以这样称呼那个方法......

[SomeClass saveDataInContext:^(NSManagedObjectContext *context){
    // Some code
}];

这意味着您将一段代码传递给该函数。在某些时候它会执行你给它的代码块。当它发生时,它会将一个托管对象上下文传递给该块,以便它可以用它做一些事情。

现在,看一下该方法的实现......

+ (void)saveDataInContext:(void(^)(NSManagedObjectContext *context))saveBlock
{
    // Create a MOC - note there is no concurrency type, so it will get
    // NSConfinementConcurrencyType, which means it must be used exclusively
    // from the thread in which it was created.  Since it is a local variable
    // and it gets destroyed after this function is called, that should be cool
    // PROVIDED the using block does not do anything untoward with it.
    NSManagedObjectContext *context = [NSManagedObjectContext context];

    // Set the merge policy
    [context setMergePolicy:NSMergeByPropertyObjectTrumpMergePolicy];

    // MR must set some default context...
    // Some how the above context needs a persistent store to save...
    [defaultContext setMergePolicy:NSMergeObjectByPropertyStoreTrumpMergePolicy];

    // Probably setting up notification handler for DidSave
    [defaultContext observeContext:context];                    


    // Now, this is where the block you passed in gets called.
    // Note, that the managed object context has already been setup for you.
    // Now that it's setup, the block of code that you passed in is going
    // to be called, and it will be given a context that it can use to execute
    // code in the calling thread.
    block(context);                 

    // If you changed something to the context in your block of code, the save.
    if ([context hasChanges])                               
    {
        [context save];
    }
} 

让我们重新审视一下调用此方法的代码......

[SomeClass saveDataInContext:^(NSManagedObjectContext *context){
    // Now, the saveDataInContext method has been called.  However, inside
    // that method, a call was made to the block that was passed in.
    // That would be this here block of code.  So, if you look up in
    // the method, where is calls "block(context)" this block of code will
    // be executed right there.  Mentally, you can cut and paste this code
    // in that spot.
    // The context parameter is the context that was passed to this block.
    // you can use it to do any Core Data stuff...
}];

现在,这段代码非常相似,但需要两个块。一个用于在上下文中执行一些代码,另一个是在异步保存完成后执行的块。

saveBlock应该很熟悉。它与上例中的概念相同。

完成是一个块,返回void,不带参数。完成所有工作后,它将被调用。

+ (void)saveDataInBackgroundWithContext:(void(^)(NSManagedObjectContext *context))saveBlock completion:(void(^)(void))completion
{
    // Dispatch some work on one of the global concurrent queues.  It will
    // get done on some thread, nobody knows which one, but it does not matter
    // because the code in this block calls saveDataInContext, and passes the
    // block it was given that does some modifications to the context.
    dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND, 0), ^{
        [self saveDataInContext:saveBlock];

        // Now, when the above work is done, we are still running in some random
        // thread.  I guess the library wants all callbacks to happen on the main
        // thread, so this block is dispatched on the main thread.  Note that it
        // calls the second bock passed in as the completion block.
        // So the <saveBlock> will be run on some random thread, and then, when
        // it is done, the <completion> block will be called on the main thread.
        dispatch_sync(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
            completion();
        });
    });
}

就像之前一样,当你调用那个方法时,你可以在心理上用你传入的第一个块替换它,并用第二个块替换。

[NSManagedObjectHelper saveDataInBackgroundWithContext:^(NSManagedObjectContext *localContext){
    // This is the first block.  It gets executed where you see <saveBlock>
    // being used in the earlier method.  You are being given the already
    // prepared MOC, and it's name is <localContext>.  Do your managed object
    // context stuff with it.  Note that it will be running in some unknown thread.
    for (NSDictionary *personInfo in listOfPeople)
    {
        PersonEntity *person = [PersonEntity createInContext:localContext];
        [person setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:personInfo];
    }
} completion:^{
    // Now, this is the second block, which is run when all the core data saving
    // has been completed.  It will run on the main thread.
    self.people = [PersonEntity findAll];
}];

希望这有助于你了解正在发生的事情,即使我不知道幕后的真实记录是什么。

修改

回应此评论......

  

我认为我不理解这些块是如何工作的。如果一个块有这个   方法签名“+   (空隙)saveDataInContext:(无效(^)(的NSManagedObjectContext   * context))saveBlock“为什么块不使用”context“或”saveBlock“?这是一个块的返回值,它是   传递价值? - Mike S

首先,没有此签名......

+ (void)saveDataInContext:(void(^)(NSManagedObjectContext *context))saveBlock;

这是一种类方法。让我们一块一块地分解它。首先,让我们忘记块参数,并使用一些简单的东西进行比较。

+ (void)foo:(NSInteger)someInteger;

这是一个类方法foo:,它返回void并接受一个参数。该单个参数的类型为NSInteger。如果我想打电话,我会这样做:

[SomeClass foo:42];

...同样地

+ (void)saveDataInContext:(void(^)(NSManagedObjectContext *context))saveBlock;

是一个类方法saveDataInContext:,它返回void并接受一个参数。该单个参数的类型为void(^)(NSManagedObjectContext *context)

现在,不要让那个高高在上的骗子欺骗你。它只是一种类型(如果你不太了解C,那么解析会有点混乱)那么,void(^)(NSManagedObjectContext *context)是什么

首先,它是block。如果(^)之后的void(*),那么它将是一个函数指针。

基本上,这意味着该参数的类型是block,它返回void并且有一个参数,即指向NSManagedObjectContext的指针(名称为context })。

所以,如果我们大声朗读......

+ (void)saveDataInContext:(void(^)(NSManagedObjectContext *context))saveBlock;

是一个类方法,其选择器saveDataInContext:返回void并且有一个参数,其名称为saveBlock,其类型为“返回void且具有一个参数的块”类型为NSManagedObjectContext *。“

就像我们这样称呼第一个例子......

[SomeClass foo:42];

我们将后一个例子称为......

[SomeClass saveDataInContext:^(NSManagedObjectContext *context){
    // We are creating a bock of code, so stuff some code in here.
}];

现在,就像您将整数42传递给foo:一样,您将{}作为参数传递给saveDataInContext:

现在,请注意saveDataInContext:方法的签名需要一个本身有参数的块。所以,当你提供你的块时,你基本上是在说,“嘿,这是一段代码供你调用,当你这样做时,请确保你给我一个指向我NSManagedObjectContext对象的指针可以使用。

这意味着,在调用您的区块时,调用代码会调用您的区块并使用变量名NSManagedObjectContext *向您提供context

将此视为saveDataInContext:

的一个简单例子
+ (void)saveDataInContext:(void(^)(NSManagedObjectContext *context))saveBlock {
    // Create a context to give the block we are going to call..
    NSManagedObjectContext *moc = //       
    saveBlock(moc);
}

现在,当您的代码被调用时,您将获得moc对象作为您的参数。基本上,该方法创建一个托管对象上下文,执行所有线程安全工作,然后调用您的代码块,并为您提供指向它已安全创建的托管对象上下文的指针。您的代码在该安全环境的范围内执行,使用传递给它的MOC作为函数(块)参数。

我希望这不会让情况变得更糟......