使用.NET的XmlSerializer
时,我遇到了一个非常奇怪的问题。
采用以下示例类:
public class Order
{
public PaymentCollection Payments { get; set; }
//everything else is serializable (including other collections of non-abstract types)
}
public class PaymentCollection : Collection<Payment>
{
}
public abstract class Payment
{
//abstract methods
}
public class BankPayment : Payment
{
//method implementations
}
AFAIK,解决InvalidOperationException
有三种不同的方法,这些方法是由序列化程序不知道Payment
的派生类型引起的。
1。将XmlInclude
添加到Payment
类定义:
这是不可能的,因为所有类都包含在我无法控制的外部引用中。
2。在创建XmlSerializer
实例
不起作用。
第3。为目标属性定义XmlAttributeOverrides
以覆盖属性的默认序列化(如this SO post中所述)
也不起作用(XmlAttributeOverrides
初始化跟随)。
Type bankPayment = typeof(BankPayment);
XmlAttributes attributes = new XmlAttributes();
attributes.XmlElements.Add(new XmlElementAttribute(bankPayment.Name, bankPayment));
XmlAttributeOverrides overrides = new XmlAttributeOverrides();
overrides.Add(typeof(Order), "Payments", attributes);
然后将使用适当的XmlSerializer
构造函数。
注意:不起作用我的意思是InvalidOperationException
( BankPayment
不是预期的...... )。
任何人都可以对这个问题有所了解吗?如何进一步调试问题?
答案 0 :(得分:78)
这对我有用:
[XmlInclude(typeof(BankPayment))]
[Serializable]
public abstract class Payment { }
[Serializable]
public class BankPayment : Payment {}
[Serializable]
public class Payments : List<Payment>{}
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Payments), new Type[]{typeof(Payment)});
答案 1 :(得分:35)
刚刚解决了这个问题。经过一段时间的挖掘后,我发现this SO post涵盖了完全相同的情况。它让我走上正轨。
基本上,XmlSerializer
需要知道默认名称空间,如果派生类作为额外类型包含在内。这种情况发生的确切原因尚不清楚,但是,序列化现在仍然有效。
答案 2 :(得分:2)
我同意bizl
[XmlInclude(typeof(ParentOfTheItem))]
[Serializable]
public abstract class WarningsType{ }
如果您需要将此包含的类应用于对象项目,也可以这样做
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("Warnings", typeof(WarningsType))]
public object[] Items
{
get
{
return this.itemsField;
}
set
{
this.itemsField = value;
}
}
答案 3 :(得分:0)
基于this,我可以通过更改所使用的XmlSerializer
的构造函数来解决此问题,而无需更改类。
不要使用这样的东西(在其他答案中建议):
[XmlInclude(typeof(Derived))]
public class Base {}
public class Derived : Base {}
public void Serialize()
{
TextWriter writer = new StreamWriter(SchedulePath);
XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Derived>));
xmlSerializer.Serialize(writer, data);
writer.Close();
}
我这样做了:
public class Base {}
public class Derived : Base {}
public void Serialize()
{
TextWriter writer = new StreamWriter(SchedulePath);
XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Derived>), new[] { typeof(Derived) });
xmlSerializer.Serialize(writer, data);
writer.Close();
}
答案 4 :(得分:0)
只需在Base中执行此操作,这样就可以将任何子级序列化,减少代码清理程序的代码。
public abstract class XmlBaseClass
{
public virtual string Serialize()
{
this.SerializeValidation();
XmlSerializerNamespaces XmlNamespaces = new XmlSerializerNamespaces(new[] { XmlQualifiedName.Empty });
XmlWriterSettings XmlSettings = new XmlWriterSettings
{
Indent = true,
OmitXmlDeclaration = true
};
StringWriter StringWriter = new StringWriter();
XmlSerializer Serializer = new XmlSerializer(this.GetType());
XmlWriter XmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(StringWriter, XmlSettings);
Serializer.Serialize(XmlWriter, this, XmlNamespaces);
StringWriter.Flush();
StringWriter.Close();
return StringWriter.ToString();
}
protected virtual void SerializeValidation() {}
}
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "MyRoot", Namespace = "MyNamespace")]
public class XmlChildClass : XmlBaseClass
{
protected override void SerializeValidation()
{
//Add custom validation logic here or anything else you need to do
}
}
这样,无论何种情况,您都可以在子类上调用序列化,并且仍然可以执行对象序列化之前需要做的事情。