我正在用PHP实现一个AVL树(一个自平衡二进制搜索树),并且工作正常。我有顺序,预订和水平顺序迭代器工作,但我无法弄清楚如何为BST做一个后序迭代器。谷歌搜索结果显示如何进行迭代后序遍历,但不是迭代器。
到目前为止,我唯一的成功就是使用后序遍历来构建数组,然后返回一个数组迭代器。这很糟糕,因为它迭代树两次并增加了空间复杂度。
构建后期迭代器的一般算法是什么?
php标签的唯一原因是PHP中的迭代器与Java或C ++中的迭代器不同。它可能会影响您的建议。
此外,如果PHP有生成器,这将是一件轻而易举的事,因为后序遍历可以简单地产生值,将其转换为迭代器。 。 的
编辑:这里是有序迭代器实现。也许它可以帮助你从后期迭代器中理解我想要的东西:
class InOrderIterator implements Iterator {
/**
* @var ArrayStack
*/
protected $stack;
/**
* @var BinaryNode
*/
protected $root;
/**
* @var BinaryNode
*/
protected $value;
public function __construct(BinaryNode $root) {
$this->stack = new ArrayStack;
$this->root = $root;
}
/**
* @link http://php.net/manual/en/iterator.current.php
* @return mixed
*/
public function current() {
return $this->value->getValue();
}
/**
* @link http://php.net/manual/en/iterator.next.php
* @return void
*/
public function next() {
/**
* @var BinaryNode $node
*/
$node = $this->stack->pop();
$right = $node->getRight();
if ($right !== NULL) {
// left-most branch of the right side
for ($left = $right; $left !== NULL; $left = $left->getLeft()) {
$this->stack->push($left);
}
}
if ($this->stack->isEmpty()) {
$this->value = NULL;
return;
}
$this->value = $this->stack->peek();
}
/**
* @link http://php.net/manual/en/iterator.key.php
* @return NULL
*/
public function key() {
return NULL; //no keys in a tree . . .
}
/**
* @link http://php.net/manual/en/iterator.valid.php
* @return boolean
*/
public function valid() {
return $this->value !== NULL;
}
/**
* @link http://php.net/manual/en/iterator.rewind.php
* @return void
*/
public function rewind() {
$this->stack->clear();
for ($current = $this->root; $current !== NULL; $current = $current->getLeft()) {
$this->stack->push($current);
}
$this->value = $this->stack->peek();
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:0)
我能够将C ++中迭代遍历的示例几乎转换为迭代器。 Latest on github。还需要弄清楚几个案例。
class PostOrderIterator implements Iterator {
/**
* @var ArrayStack
*/
protected $stack;
/**
* @var BinaryNode
*/
protected $root;
/**
* @var BinaryNode
*/
protected $value;
protected $current;
public function __construct(BinaryNode $root) {
$this->stack = new ArrayStack;
$this->root = $root;
}
/**
* @link http://php.net/manual/en/iterator.current.php
* @return mixed
*/
public function current() {
return $this->current->getValue();
}
/**
* @link http://php.net/manual/en/iterator.next.php
* @return void
*/
public function next() {
/**
* @var BinaryNode $node
*/
if ($this->value !== NULL) {
$right = $this->value->getRight();
if ($right !== NULL) {
$this->stack->push($right);
}
$this->stack->push($this->value);
$this->value = $this->value->getLeft();
$this->next();
return;
}
if ($this->stack->isEmpty()) {
$this->current = $this->value;
$this->value = NULL;
return;
}
$this->value = $this->stack->pop();
$right = $this->value->getRight();
if ($right !== NULL && !$this->stack->isEmpty() && ($right === $this->stack->peek())) {
$this->stack->pop();
$this->stack->push($this->value);
$this->value = $this->value->getRight();
$this->current = $this->value;
} else {
if ($this->current === $this->value) {
$this->value = NULL;
$this->next();
} else {
$this->current = $this->value;
$this->value = NULL;
}
}
}
/**
* @link http://php.net/manual/en/iterator.key.php
* @return NULL
*/
public function key() {
return NULL; //no keys in a tree . . .
}
/**
* @link http://php.net/manual/en/iterator.valid.php
* @return boolean
*/
public function valid() {
return $this->current !== NULL;
}
/**
* @link http://php.net/manual/en/iterator.rewind.php
* @return void
*/
public function rewind() {
$this->stack->clear();
$this->value = $this->root;
$this->next();
}
}
我无法描述算法或证明它正在做什么,但希望随着时间的推移它会有意义。