Question

我第一次尝试实现Restful WCF服务，但不能让它发布我的对象:( 它在客户端代码中崩溃（见下文）。什么可以解决？感谢

部分web.config

<system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="MyRest.Service1" behaviorConfiguration="ServBehave">
        <!--Endpoint for REST-->
        <endpoint address="XMLService" binding="webHttpBinding" behaviorConfiguration="restPoxBehavior" contract="MyRest.IService1" />
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="ServBehave">
          <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true.  Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <!--Behavior for the REST endpoint for Help enability-->
        <behavior name="restPoxBehavior">
          <webHttp helpEnabled="true" />
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
  </system.serviceModel>

客户代码：

 public string ClientStuff()
        {
            var ServiceUrl = "http://localhost/MyRest/Service1.svc/XMLService/";
            var empserializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(MyRest.Employee));
            var url = new Uri(ServiceUrl + "PostEmp");
            var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
            request.Method = "POST";
            request.ContentType = "application/XML";
            var emp = new MyRest.Employee { DeptName = "sale", EmpName = "ted", EmpNo = 11112 };
            using (var requeststream = request.GetRequestStream())
            {
                empserializer.WriteObject(requeststream, emp);
            }
            var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();// crashes here with error in title
            var statuscode = response.StatusCode;
            return statuscode.ToString();
        }

service1.svc.cs

 public bool PostEmp(Employee employee)
        {
            //something
            return true;
        }

的ServiceContract

[ServiceContract]
public interface IService1
{
    [OperationContract]
    [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", UriTemplate = "/PostEmp", RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
    bool PostEmp(Employee employee);

    // TODO: Add your service operations here
}

Answer 1

您应该修复几件事。第一个当然是使用正确的内容类型标题，没有application/XML这样的东西：

request.ContentType = "text/xml";

和另一个，更重要的是确保您在服务器和客户端中引用完全相同的Employee类，否则客户端数据协定序列化程序将在XML中发出不同的命名空间，从而构成服务器崩溃。基本上，这个Employee类应该在服务器和客户端应用程序之间的共享类库中声明。

顺便说一下，将来您可以更轻松地自行调试此类问题，而不是在服务方面enable tracing仅发布问题：

<system.diagnostics>
    <sources>
        <source name="System.ServiceModel" 
                switchValue="Information, ActivityTracing"
                propagateActivity="true">
            <listeners>
                <add name="traceListener" 
                     type="System.Diagnostics.XmlWriterTraceListener" 
                     initializeData= "c:\log\Traces.svclog" />
            </listeners>
        </source>
    </sources>
</system.diagnostics>

然后使用内置于.NET SDK跟踪查看器（SvcTraceViewer.exe）来简单地加载生成的日志文件，所有内容都将通过GUI显示和解释（看起来像来自90年代但是这个工作。）

啊，顺便说一句，您可能需要通过从web.config中删除以下行来禁用ASP.NET兼容性：

<serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />

我不是百分百肯定，但是对于启用REST的服务，这是必要的（尽管在这个问题上可能会出错）。

Answer 2

非常感谢，花了几天的时间，现在我可以使用以下代码获得正确的响应：

 var ServiceUrl = "http://localhost/MyRest/Service1.svc/XMLService/";
            var empserializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(MyRest.Employee));
            var url = new Uri(ServiceUrl + "PostEmp");
            var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
            request.Method = "POST";
            request.ContentType = "application/XML";
            var emp = new MyRest.Employee { DeptName = "sale", EmpName = "ted", EmpNo = 11112 };
            using (var requeststream = request.GetRequestStream())
            {
                empserializer.WriteObject(requeststream, emp);
            }
            var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();// crashes here with error in title
            var statuscode = response.StatusCode;
            return statuscode.ToString();

在代码行下面添加此附录：

 StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream());
 string ResponseMessage = reader.ReadToEnd();

为什么远程服务器返回错误：（400）错误请求。

2 个答案: