Question

我正在构建的宏从Excel电子表格中获取名称，打开Internet Explorer，然后搜索在线目录。在搜索目录之后，它会提取一个包含管理器名称的Java表单。我可以手动选项卡到管理器名称，右键单击，复制快捷方式，然后将其发布回电子表格。但是，我遇到了一致标签和复制快捷方式的问题。

有没有一种简单的方法可以将焦点带回IE窗口？
如何在不手动点击快捷方式的情况下复制快捷方式？

代码：

Sub Macro1()
'
Dim ie As Object
Set ie = CreateObject("internetexplorer.application")

ie.Visible = True
ie.navigate "****url****"

While ie.busy
    DoEvents
Wend

ie.document.getElementById("SSOID").Value = "Z19516732"
ie.document.getElementById("Advanced").Checked = False
ie.document.all("Search").Click

'this loop is to slow the macro as the java form is filled from the search
For i = 1 To 400000000  
    i = i + 1
Next i

'ie.Object.Activate
ie.document.getElementById("Advanced").Checked = False
ie.document.getElementById("SSOID").Focus
Application.SendKeys "{TAB 6}" ', True

'bring up the control menu/right click
Application.SendKeys "+{F10}"

'copy shortcut is 8 items down on the list
Application.SendKeys "{DOWN}"
Application.SendKeys "{DOWN}"
Application.SendKeys "{DOWN}"
Application.SendKeys "{DOWN}"
Application.SendKeys "{DOWN}"
Application.SendKeys "{DOWN}"
Application.SendKeys "{DOWN}"
Application.SendKeys "{DOWN}"

'enter was not working so the shortcut for the menu is 't'
'SendKeys "{ENTER}"
Application.SendKeys "{t}"

Windows("Book21").Activate
Range("A1").Select
ActiveSheet.Paste

End Sub

Answer 1

在模块的开头，输入以下代码：

Public Declare Function SetForegroundWindow Lib "user32" (ByVal HWND As Long) As Long

这称为Declare Statement，允许您访问Windows内置的SetForegroundWindow函数。此函数位于Windows系统的user32 DLL中。实际上，VBA可以通过这种方式访问多个DLL中的许多其他函数（有关更多示例，请参阅链接）。

在您的代码中，在与IE对象进行交互时，将HWND（handle记录到该窗口中），如下所示：

Dim HWNDSrc As Long
HWNDSrc = ie.HWND

然后，在与Java交互之后，使用它继续：

SetForegroundWindow HWNDSrc

这告诉Windows系统将HWND标识的窗口设置为前景窗口（顾名思义）。

但是，这可能没有必要，具体取决于您与IE的交互方式。换句话说，如果您不需要查看/触摸窗口，您仍然可以使用该代码中的对象进行交互。

有一些方法可以使用GetElementById()和GetElementsByTagName()（see here for more info）等代码获取您要查找的快捷方式，但这取决于源的创建方式。例如如果您知道HTML源代码，那么<a href="...>链接应该相对容易拉动。

第二次检查你的代码后，我注意到你使用循环来“减慢”宏。我有一个功能，我一直使用自己的类似方法。希望这有助于您完成所需的工作。我已经从我原来的代码中修改了我的代码，因为我有其他细节不适用于您的情况。如果有任何错误，我可以根据需要进行调整。

Public Sub WaitForIE(myIEwindow As InternetExplorer, HWND As Long, WaitTime As Integer)

    ' Add pauses/waits so that window action can actually
    ' begin AND finish before trying to read from myIEWindow.

    ' myIEWindow is the IE object currently in use
    ' HWND is the HWND for myIEWindow
    ' The above two variables are both used for redundancy/failsafe purposes.
    ' WaitTime is the amount of time (in seconds) to wait at each step below. 
    ' This is variablized because some pages are known to take longer than 
    ' others to load, and some pages with frames may be partially loaded,
    ' which can incorrectly return an READYSTATE_COMPLETE status, etc.

    Dim OpenIETitle As SHDocVw.InternetExplorer

    Application.Wait DateAdd("s", WaitTime, Now())

    Do Until myIEwindow.ReadyState = READYSTATE_COMPLETE
        ' Wait until IE is done loading page and/or user actions are done.
    Loop

    Application.Wait DateAdd("s", WaitTime, Now())

    While myIEwindow.Busy
        DoEvents  ' Wait until IE is done loading page and/or user actions are done.
    Wend

    On Error Resume Next
    ' Make sure our window still exists and was not closed for some reason...
    For Each OpenIETitle In objShellWindows
        If OpenIETitle.HWND = HWND Then
            If Err.Number = 0 Then
                Set myIEwindow = OpenIETitle
                Exit For
            Else
                Err.Clear
            End If
        End If
    Next OpenIETitle
    On Error GoTo 0

End Sub

VBA与互联网浏览器的互动

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