Question

是否可以从bash脚本写入Excel工作表（任何类型）？

我正在寻找的东西是这样的：

sed -e :a -e '$!N; s/\n/ /; ta' file.c > #( first coloumn ,second row of the spread sheet ) 
echo "$cdvar" > #( second coloumn ,third row of the spread sheet )

感谢您的回复和建议。

Answer 1

您可以按bash，perl，python编写Excel。我认为每种程序语言都有其解决方案。

<强>的bash

您可以使用join或awk，我认为还有其他解决方案。

加入

如果您希望join包含相同列的文件，请查看以下帖子：Bash join command和join in bash like in SAS

AWK

您可以编写csv，但可以rename进入xls然后使用excel，gnumeric或其他程序，它会被识别为xls。

ls -R -ltr / | head -50 | awk '{if ($5 >0) print $5,$9}' OFS="," > sample.xls

使用excel，gnumeric或其他程序修改xls，并保存为xls，你不能用bash读。因此@Geekasaur建议perl或python解决方案。

<强> perl的

您可以在perl中编写xls，然后按sample：

#!/usr/bin/perl
use Spreadsheet::WriteExcel;
my $workbook = Spreadsheet::WriteExcel->new("test.xls"); 
my $worksheet = $workbook->add_worksheet();
open(FH,"<file") or die "Cannot open file: $!\n";
my ($x,$y) = (0,0);
while (<FH>){ 
 chomp;
 @list = split /\s+/,$_;
 foreach my $c (@list){
    $worksheet->write($x, $y++, $c);     
 }
 $x++;$y=0;
}
close(FH);
$workbook->close();

然后您可以使用xls软件包修改Spreadsheet::ParseExcel：查看How can I modify an existing Excel workbook with Perl?和“此链接已损坏且已向IBM报告”reading and writing sample

<强>蟒

您可以在python中编写真实xls，然后按sample：

#!/usr/local/bin/python
# Tool to convert CSV files (with configurable delimiter and text wrap
# character) to Excel spreadsheets.
import string
import sys
import getopt
import re
import os
import os.path
import csv
from pyExcelerator import *

def usage():
  """ Display the usage """
  print "Usage:" + sys.argv[0] + " [OPTIONS] csvfile"
  print "OPTIONS:"
  print "--title|-t: If set, the first line is the title line"
  print "--lines|-l n: Split output into files of n lines or less each"
  print "--sep|-s c [def:,] : The character to use for field delimiter"
  print "--output|o : output file name/pattern"
  print "--help|h : print this information"
  sys.exit(2)

def openExcelSheet(outputFileName):
  """ Opens a reference to an Excel WorkBook and Worksheet objects """
  workbook = Workbook()
  worksheet = workbook.add_sheet("Sheet 1")
  return workbook, worksheet

def writeExcelHeader(worksheet, titleCols):
  """ Write the header line into the worksheet """
  cno = 0
  for titleCol in titleCols:
    worksheet.write(0, cno, titleCol)
    cno = cno + 1

def writeExcelRow(worksheet, lno, columns):
  """ Write a non-header row into the worksheet """
  cno = 0
  for column in columns:
    worksheet.write(lno, cno, column)
    cno = cno + 1

def closeExcelSheet(workbook, outputFileName):
  """ Saves the in-memory WorkBook object into the specified file """
  workbook.save(outputFileName)

def getDefaultOutputFileName(inputFileName):
  """ Returns the name of the default output file based on the value
      of the input file. The default output file is always created in
      the current working directory. This can be overriden using the
      -o or --output option to explicitly specify an output file """
  baseName = os.path.basename(inputFileName)
  rootName = os.path.splitext(baseName)[0]
  return string.join([rootName, "xls"], '.')

def renameOutputFile(outputFileName, fno):
  """ Renames the output file name by appending the current file number
      to it """
  dirName, baseName = os.path.split(outputFileName)
  rootName, extName = os.path.splitext(baseName)
  backupFileBaseName = string.join([string.join([rootName, str(fno)], '-'), extName], '')
  backupFileName = os.path.join(dirName, backupFileBaseName)
  try:
    os.rename(outputFileName, backupFileName)
  except OSError:
    print "Error renaming output file:", outputFileName, "to", backupFileName, "...aborting"
    sys.exit(-1)

def validateOpts(opts):
  """ Returns option values specified, or the default if none """
  titlePresent = False
  linesPerFile = -1
  outputFileName = ""
  sepChar = ","
  for option, argval in opts:
    if (option in ("-t", "--title")):
      titlePresent = True
    if (option in ("-l", "--lines")):
      linesPerFile = int(argval)
    if (option in ("-s", "--sep")):
      sepChar = argval
    if (option in ("-o", "--output")):
      outputFileName = argval
    if (option in ("-h", "--help")):
      usage()
  return titlePresent, linesPerFile, sepChar, outputFileName

def main():
  """ This is how we are called """
  try:
    opts,args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "tl:s:o:h", ["title", "lines=", "sep=", "output=", "help"])
  except getopt.GetoptError:
    usage()
  if (len(args) != 1):
    usage()
  inputFileName = args[0]
  try:
    inputFile = open(inputFileName, 'r')
  except IOError:
    print "File not found:", inputFileName, "...aborting"
    sys.exit(-1)
  titlePresent, linesPerFile, sepChar, outputFileName = validateOpts(opts)
  if (outputFileName == ""):
    outputFileName = getDefaultOutputFileName(inputFileName)
  workbook, worksheet = openExcelSheet(outputFileName)
  fno = 0
  lno = 0
  titleCols = []
  reader = csv.reader(inputFile, delimiter=sepChar)
  for line in reader:
    if (lno == 0 and titlePresent):
      if (len(titleCols) == 0):
        titleCols = line
      writeExcelHeader(worksheet, titleCols)
    else:
      writeExcelRow(worksheet, lno, line)
    lno = lno + 1
    if (linesPerFile != -1 and lno >= linesPerFile):
      closeExcelSheet(workbook, outputFileName)
      renameOutputFile(outputFileName, fno)
      fno = fno + 1
      lno = 0
      workbook, worksheet = openExcelSheet(outputFileName)
  inputFile.close()
  closeExcelSheet(workbook, outputFileName)
  if (fno > 0):
    renameOutputFile(outputFileName, fno)

if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()

然后你也可以convert使用sourceforge project来csv。如果你可以转换为csv，你可以重写xls ..修改脚本。

Answer 2

您可以通过首先创建R脚本（xsltocsv），然后从Bash文件中调用它来轻松完成此操作。

R脚本看起来像：

#!/usr/bin/Rscript

suppressMessages(library("gdata"))
suppressMessages(library("argparse"))

#. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

parser <- ArgumentParser(
description = "A script to convert a given xsl file to a csv one"
)

parser$add_argument(
  '-rn',
  '--print-row-names',
  action = 'store_true',
  help = 'outputs row names in the output csv file'
)

parser$add_argument(
  '-cn',
  '--print-column-names',
  action = 'store_true',
  help = 'outputs column names in the output csv file'
)

parser$add_argument(
  '-s',
  '--separator',
  metavar='separator',
  type='character',
  default=';',
  action = 'store',
  help = 'outputs column names in the output csv file'
)

parser$add_argument(
  "xsl",
  metavar = "xsl-file",
  action = "store",
  help = "xsl input file"
)

parser$add_argument(
  "csv",
  metavar = "csv-file",
  action = "store",
  help = "csv output file"
)

args <- parser$parse_args(commandArgs(TRUE))


#. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

vals <- read.xls(args$xsl)

write.table(n, file=args$csv, quote = FALSE,         
    col.names=args$print_column_names, 
    row.names=args$print_row_names, sep=args$separator)

我们假设您在使文件可执行（chmod +x xsltocsv）后将其放入系统路径。然后，调用此脚本传递相关参数，你就可以了;）

使用Bash写入Excel工作表

2 个答案: